| Home | << 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >> [11–20] |
|
| Records | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Charif, R.A.; Waack, A.M.; Strickman, L.M. | ||||
| Title | Raven Pro 1.3 User's Manual | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication  |
Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology | Place of Publication | Ithaca, New York | Editor | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Charif2008 | Serial | 6488 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Milinski, M.; Rockenbach, B. | ||||
| Title | Human behaviour: Punisher pays | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | Nature | |
| Volume | 452 | Issue | 7185 | Pages | 297-298 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | The tendency of humans to punish perceived free-loaders, even at a cost to themselves, is an evolutionary puzzle: punishers perish, and those who benefit the most are those who have never punished at all. Humans are champions of cooperation. Reciprocity – the idea that, if I help you this time, you'll help me next time1 – is a secret of our success. |
||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Nature Publishing Group | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0028-0836 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | 10.1038/452297a | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4405 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Dreber, A.; Rand, D.G.; Fudenberg, D.; Nowak, M.A. | ||||
| Title | Winners don/'t punish | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | Nature | |
| Volume | 452 | Issue | 7185 | Pages | 348-351 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | A key aspect of human behaviour is cooperation1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. We tend to help others even if costs are involved. We are more likely to help when the costs are small and the benefits for the other person significant. Cooperation leads to a tension between what is best for the individual and what is best for the group. A group does better if everyone cooperates, but each individual is tempted to defect. Recently there has been much interest in exploring the effect of costly punishment on human cooperation8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. Costly punishment means paying a cost for another individual to incur a cost. It has been suggested that costly punishment promotes cooperation even in non-repeated games and without any possibility of reputation effects10. But most of our interactions are repeated and reputation is always at stake. Thus, if costly punishment is important in promoting cooperation, it must do so in a repeated setting. We have performed experiments in which, in each round of a repeated game, people choose between cooperation, defection and costly punishment. In control experiments, people could only cooperate or defect. Here we show that the option of costly punishment increases the amount of cooperation but not the average payoff of the group. Furthermore, there is a strong negative correlation between total payoff and use of costly punishment. Those people who gain the highest total payoff tend not to use costly punishment: winners don't punish. This suggests that costly punishment behaviour is maladaptive in cooperation games and might have evolved for other reasons. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Nature Publishing Group | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0028-0836 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | 10.1038/nature06723 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4406 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Behrens, T.E.J.; Hunt, L.T.; Woolrich, M.W.; Rushworth, M.F.S. | ||||
| Title | Associative learning of social value | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | Nature | |
| Volume | 456 | Issue | 7219 | Pages | 245-249 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Our decisions are guided by information learnt from our environment. This information may come via personal experiences of reward, but also from the behaviour of social partners1, 2. Social learning is widely held to be distinct from other forms of learning in its mechanism and neural implementation; it is often assumed to compete with simpler mechanisms, such as reward-based associative learning, to drive behaviour3. Recently, neural signals have been observed during social exchange reminiscent of signals seen in studies of associative learning4. Here we demonstrate that social information may be acquired using the same associative processes assumed to underlie reward-based learning. We find that key computational variables for learning in the social and reward domains are processed in a similar fashion, but in parallel neural processing streams. Two neighbouring divisions of the anterior cingulate cortex were central to learning about social and reward-based information, and for determining the extent to which each source of information guides behaviour. When making a decision, however, the information learnt using these parallel streams was combined within ventromedial prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest that human social valuation can be realized by means of the same associative processes previously established for learning other, simpler, features of the environment. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0028-0836 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | 10.1038/nature07538 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4681 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Björk, N. | ||||
| Title | Is it possible to measure the welfare of the ridden horse? | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | horse, welfare, training, learning, measure, assess | ||||
| Abstract | Since the time of domestication, humans have trained horses for the purpose of serving man. Different training methods have been developed throughout the centuries; some were developed with consideration for the horse's welfare, while others disregarded welfare to a great extent. Most present day training is based upon making the horse perform a desired behaviour through dominance and subordination. Although cooperative training techniques have gained popularity, everyday training lacks the application of learning theory or neglects the horse's learning capacities and their species' specific behaviour. Thus, the horse's welfare may be jeopardised. The aim with this review is to consider methods that allow an objective assessment of the welfare of horses undergoing training. The review gives a brief insight into the history of horse training and handling. It proceeds with an overview of the horse"s learning abilities which is argued to be of paramount importance for effective training. The review then describes a few selected training techniques that are used today, based on negative and positive reinforcement, and discusses parameters from which it could be possible to assess the welfare of the ridden horse. The work concludes with suggestion for future |
||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | Bachelor's thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4749 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Fernando Colmenares; Fernando Silveira | ||||
| Title | Post-Conflict Non-Aggressive Behaviours may be neither Friendly nor Conciliatory – Conflict Management of Male Hamadryas Baboons | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | 114 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 1101 - 1112 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | The relational model of conflict resolution predicts that after an aggressive conflict there should be a motivational shift from aggression to attraction. Most tests of the reconciliation hypothesis assume, however, that all non-aggressive post-conflict behaviours between former opponents are motivationally homogeneous and qualify as friendly reunions. In fact, although the hypothesis predicts an increased occurrence of friendly contacts after conflicts, in practice, however, post-conflict reunions often include a mixture of contact and non-contact behaviours. Most reconciliation studies either (often) assume a conciliatory function for post-conflict reunions or (less often) test functional predictions. Finally, the valuable relationships hypothesis predicts that conciliatory rates should be relatively higher between friends and allies than between non-friends/allies. In this paper, we use data on non-aggressive interactions following conflicts between adult male hamadryas baboons that are neither friends nor allies to assess the implications of all these important but largely overlooked issues. The analyses of the rate and temporal relation of non-contact greeting (NCTG) to anxiety-related behaviours and side-directed aggression as well as of the behaviours used during non-aggressive interactions with male and female third-parties suggest that the NCTG used by males after conflicts were neither motivationally friendly nor functionally conciliatory. We point out that the gestures exchanged during these post-conflict NCTG can be interpreted as formalized signals of equal status and that the rate and form of the greetings used by male opponents are indicative of high relationship insecurity and incompatibility respectively. We conclude that although male hamadryas' post-conflict NCTG are not conciliatory they may serve to assess their opponents' attitude and to negotiate the restoring of their pre-conflict levels of peaceful but non-amicable co-existence. | ||||
| Address | Departamento de Psicobiologa, Facultad de Psicologa, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Higiene, Universidad de la Repblica, Montevideo, Uruguay DOI – 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01559.x | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | © 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4950 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Götz, C. | ||||
| Title | Praxishandbuch Freispringen: Gymnastik – Training – Abwechslung | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 80 | ||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Aus dem Inhalt: * Warum Freispringen? * Die Ausstattung * Der Ablauf * Sehen lernen * Freispringen aufbauen * Fehler korrigieren Kurzbeschreibung In vielen größeren Reitställen wird das Freispringen von den dortigen Ausbildern für die untergestellten Pferde angeboten. Doch auch in Eigenregie und auf kleineren Anlagen – sowohl in der Halle als auch auf dem Reitplatz – lässt sich das Freispringen organisieren und durchführen. Es bringt Abwechslung in den Trainingsalltag von Pferden aller Rassen und Reitweisen und hat auch für Pferde, die unter dem Sattel nicht springen müssen, einen hervorragenden gymnastizierenden Effekt. Für Springpferde gehört das Freispringen zu einem durchdachten Trainingskonzept zwingend dazu – lernen sie hierbei doch, Selbstvertrauen und Routine zu gewinnen und ihre Springtechnik zu verbessern. Voraussetzung ist, dass die Menschen, die das Freispringen durchführen, die Hindernisse sachkundig aufbauen, die Pferde richtig vorbereiten und den Ablauf des Freispringens den Fähigkeiten des jeweiligen Kandidaten entsprechend gestalten. Das notwendige Handwerkszeug hierfür liefert ihnen dieses verständlich geschriebene und mit vielen erläuternden Bildern und Bildabfolgen versehene Buch. Über den Autor Claudia Götz, geboren 1965, ist Diplomjournalistin und arbeitet unter anderem als Sachbuchautorin. Als Matrix-Rhythmus-Therapeutin verfügt sie über umfangreiches Wissen rund um Anatomie und Physiologie der Muskulatur und bildet sich zum Beispiel im Bereich Trainingslehre regelmäßig weiter. Die Berittführerin FN und begeisterte Vielseitigkeits- und Freizeitreiterin lebt in der Nähe von Regensburg. |
||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Cadmos Verlag | Place of Publication | Brunsbek | Editor | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | 978-3861274476 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4954 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Croft, D. P.; James, R..; Krause, J. (eds) | ||||
| Title | Exploring Animal Social Networks | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Princton University Press | Place of Publication | Princton | Editor | Croft, D. P.; James, R..; Krause, J. |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | 9780691127521 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5139 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bosch, O.J.; Nair, H.P.; Ahern, T.H.; Neumann, I.D.; Young, L.J. | ||||
| Title | The CRF System Mediates Increased Passive Stress-Coping Behavior Following the Loss of a Bonded Partner in a Monogamous Rodent | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | Neuropsychopharmacology | |
| Volume | 34 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1406-1415 |
| Keywords | prairie vole; passive stress-coping; forced swim test; tail suspension test; elevated plus-maze; hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis | ||||
| Abstract | Social relationships significantly influence physiology and behavior, including the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis, anxiety, and mental health. Disruption of social bonds through separation or death often results in profound grieving, depression, and physical illness. As the monogamous prairie vole forms enduring, selective pair bonds with the mating partner, they provide an animal model to study the physiological consequences of pair bonding and, thus, the loss of the bonded partner. Male prairie voles were paired with a novel female or male sibling. After 5 days, half of the males of each group were separated from the partner. Elevated plus-maze, forced swim, and tail suspension tests were used to assess anxiety-like and passive stress-coping behaviors indicative of depressive-like behavior. Following 4 days of separation from the female but not the male partner, experimental males displayed increased passive stress-coping. This effect was abolished by long-term intracerebroventricular infusion of a nonselective corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor antagonist without disrupting the bond itself. Both CRF type 1 and 2 receptors were involved in the emergence of passive stress-coping behavior. Furthermore, pairing with a female was associated with elevated CRF mRNA in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and partner loss elicited a pronounced increase in circulating corticosteroid and adrenal weight. We speculate that the CRF system may mediate an aversive affect following separation from the female partner, which may facilitate proximity seeking between the pair-bonded individuals. Hence, the prairie vole model may provide insights into brain mechanisms involved in the psychopathological consequences of partner loss. |
||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | American College of Neuropsychopharmacology | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0893-133x | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5731 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Whitehead , H. | ||||
| Title | Analyzing Animal Societies. Quantitative Methods for Vertebrate Social Analysis | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication |
Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | University of Chicago Press | Place of Publication | chicago | Editor | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | EAN: 9780226895246 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5838 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||