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Author Sullivan, K.A.; Hill, A.E.; Haussler, K.K.
Title The effects of chiropractic, massage and phenylbutazone on spinal mechanical nociceptive thresholds in horses without clinical signs Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J
Volume 40 Issue 1 Pages 14-20
Keywords
Abstract REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Common methods used to treat back problems in horses need to be assessed objectively. OBJECTIVES: To measure spinal mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNTs) and evaluate the effects of chiropractic, massage and phenylbutazone, compared with active and inactive control groups. METHODS: Baseline MNTs at 7 sites within the thoracolumbar and sacral regions were measured in 38 healthy mature horses exhibiting no clinical signs of lumbar pain. Horses were assigned to one of 3 treatment groups: instrument-assisted chiropractic treatment, therapeutic massage and phenylbutazone; or 2 control groups: ridden exercise (active control) or routine paddock turnout with no ridden exercise (inactive control). MNT measurements were repeated at 1, 3 and 7 days post treatment. The percentage change from baseline MNT values was calculated within groups. RESULTS: On Day 7, the median MNT had increased by 27, 12 and 8% in the chiropractic, massage and phenylbutazone groups, respectively. MNT changes of <1% were seen within the active and inactive control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Chiropractic treatment and massage therapy increased spinal MNTs within horses not exhibiting signs of lumbar pain. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Pressure algometry provides an objective tool to evaluate the effects of commonly used, but currently unproven treatment modalities on spinal MNTs. Future studies need to evaluate combined treatment effects and longer-term MNT changes in horses with documented back pain.
Address Valley Central High School, Montgomery, New York 12549
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium (up)
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:18083655 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4356
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Author Weishaupt, M.A.
Title Adaptation strategies of horses with lameness Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice Abbreviated Journal Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract
Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 79-100
Keywords
Abstract The skill to diagnose lameness in horses is paramount for every equine practitioner. Early recognition of locomotor deficiencies plays a central role in sports medicine management, preventing deterioration of the disease or catastrophic injuries. Horses use characteristic compensatory movements of specific body parts to decrease loading of the affected limb. This article describes the underlying changes in intra- and interlimb coordination and the resulting load redistribution between the limbs. This enables the practitioner to better understand the changes in movement associated with lameness.
Address Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. mweishaupt@vetclinics.uzh.ch
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1558-4224 ISBN Medium (up)
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:18314037 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4372
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Author O'Grady, S.E.
Title Basic farriery for the performance horse Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice Abbreviated Journal Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract
Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 203-218
Keywords
Abstract Proper farriery promotes a healthy functional foot and biomechanical efficiency and prevents lameness. Because the equine veterinarian is responsible for the soundness of the horse, a working knowledge of farriery becomes essential. A thorough knowledge of traditional horseshoeing enables the veterinarian to interact with the farrier at the farrier's level; this ultimately enhances and promotes quality hoof care. This article focuses on fundamental farriery and recognizing subtle changes in hoof conformation that can be used to preserve the integrity of the hoof capsule, along with the structures enclosed within, and thus prevent lameness in the performance horse.
Address Northern Virginia Equine, 8170 Patrickswell Lane, Marshall, VA 20115, USA. sogrady@look.net
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1558-4224 ISBN Medium (up)
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:18314044 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4373
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Author Warren-Smith, A.K.; McGreevy, P.D.
Title Preliminary investigations into the ethological relevance of round-pen (round-yard) training of horses Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science Abbreviated Journal
Volume 11 Issue 3 Pages 285-298
Keywords
Abstract Recently, training horses within round-pens has increased in popularity. Practitioners often maintain that the responses they elicit from horses are similar to signals used with senior conspecifics. To audit the responses of horses to conspecifics, 6 mare-young-horse dyads, this study introduced them to each other in a round-pen and videoed them for 8 min. These dyads spent significantly more time farther than 10 m apart than they did less than 1 m apart (p < .001). The time they spent less than 1 m apart decreased over the 8-min test period (p = .018). Mares occupied the center of the round-pen and chased youngsters for 0.73% of the test period (p < .001). Mares made all agonistic approaches (p < .001), and youngsters (p = .018) made all investigative approaches. Head lowering and licking-and-chewing were exhibited most when the youngsters were facing away from the mares (p < .001). The frequency of head lowering increased during the test period (p = .027), whereas the frequency of licking-and-chewing did not change. The results bring into question the popular interpretation and ethological relevance of equine responses commonly described in round-pen training and show that mares did not condition young horses to remain in close proximity to them.
Address Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Notes Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 13 November 2008; Source: Scopus Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4657
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Author Dugnol, B.; Fernández, C.; Galiano, G.; Velasco, J.
Title On a chirplet transform-based method applied to separating and counting wolf howls Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Signal Process Abbreviated Journal
Volume 88 Issue Pages
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Dugnol2008 Serial 6466
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Author Richards, D.G.; Wiley, R.H.
Title Reverberations and Amplitude Fluctuations in the Propagation of Sound in a Forest: Implications for Animal Communication Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Am Nat Abbreviated Journal
Volume 115 Issue Pages
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Richards2008 Serial 6485
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Author Charif, R.A.; Waack, A.M.; Strickman, L.M.
Title Raven Pro 1.3 User's Manual Type Book Whole
Year 2008 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
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Publisher Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology Place of Publication Ithaca, New York Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Charif2008 Serial 6488
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Author Sueur, J.; Aubin, T.; Simonis, C.
Title Seewave: a free modular tool for sound analysis and synthesis Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Bioacoustics Abbreviated Journal
Volume 18 Issue Pages
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Address
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Sueur2008 Serial 6490
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Author Griffin, A.S.
Title Social learning in Indian mynahs, Acridotheres tristis: the role of distress calls Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 75 Issue 1 Pages 79-89
Keywords Acridotheres tristis; distress vocalizations; head saccades; Indian mynah; predator avoidance learning; social learning
Abstract Socially acquired predator avoidance is a phenomenon in which individuals acquire an avoidance response towards an initially neutral stimulus after they have experienced it together with the antipredator signals of social companions. Earlier research has established that alarm calls used for intraspecific communication are effective stimuli for triggering acquisition. However, animals produce a large range of other antipredator responses that might engage antipredator learning. Here, I examine the effects of conspecific distress calls, a signal that is produced by birds when restrained by a predator, and that appears to be directed towards predators, rather than conspecifics, on predator avoidance learning in Indian mynahs, Acridotheres tristis. Distress calls reflect high levels of alarm in the caller and should, therefore, mediate robust learning. Experiment 1 revealed that subjects performed higher rates of head movements in response to a previously unfamiliar avian mount after it had been presented simultaneously with playbacks of conspecific distress vocalizations. Experiment 2 revealed that increased rates of head saccades resembled the spontaneous response evoked by a novel stimulus more closely than it resembled the response evoked by a perched raptor, suggesting that distress calls inculcated a visual exploratory response, rather than an antipredator response. While it is usually thought that the level of acquisition in learners follows a simple relationship with the level of alarm shown by demonstrators, the present results suggest that this relationship may be more complex. Antipredator signals with different functions may have differential effects on learners.
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium (up)
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4696
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Author Puppe, B.; Langbein, J.; Bauer, J.; Hoy, S.
Title A comparative view on social hierarchy formation at different stages of pig production using sociometric measures Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Livestock Science Abbreviated Journal
Volume 113 Issue 2-3 Pages 155-162
Keywords Pig; Dominance; Sociometric measures; Social hierarchy; Ontogeny
Abstract A standardised and comprehensive approach to describe dominance relationships in gregarious farm animals quantitatively was recently developed, incorporating a combination of appropriate sociometric measures. The present study applied this approach to a comparative analysis of the social hierarchies within 57 groups of domestic pigs at different age/production stages with a total of 496 animals. Unacquainted pigs were grouped to three age categories which correspond to the typical production stages: weaned pigs (PIG28, 12 groups), growing pigs (PIG80, 16 groups), and reproductive sows (SOW, 29 groups). Based on observed agonistic interactions, sociometric values were calculated both at the dyadic and at the group level and may be considered as preliminary reference values for further studies. As indicated by the respective values of the Kendall index (PIG28: 0.66, tested as significant in 69.0% of the observed groups; PIG80: 0.71, 87.5%; SOW: 0.61, 69.0%), and the improved Landau index (PIG28: 0.70, 75.0%; PIG80: 0.72, 93.7%; SOW: 0.71, 72.4%), a social organisation towards a quasi-linear social hierarchy was predominantly developed throughout all age/production categories. However, compared to weaned and growing pigs, sows were characterised by significant differences concerning establishment (fewer agonistic interactions) and kind (more unknown dyads, fewer two-way and significant dyads, higher directional consistency index) of their social hierarchy. It seems that sows have effectively adapted their agonistic behaviour towards pen-mates to regulate social dominance relationships, whereas younger pigs frequently display agonistic interactions also to gain additional experience on social cues (e.g. the fighting ability of an opponent). Hence, it is concluded that the effective experience of socialisation during sensitive periods may increase the social skills of pigs which in turn can improve their welfare and health, e.g. by adjusted aggressive behaviour. The consideration of comparable and standardised sociometric measures in livestock breeding may help to improve husbandry conditions.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2139
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