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| Author | Quaranta, A.; Siniscalchi, M.; Vallortigara, G. | ||||
| Title | Asymmetric tail-wagging responses by dogs to different emotive stimuli | Type  |
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| Year | 2007 | Publication | Current biology : CB | Abbreviated Journal | Curr Biol |
| Volume | 17 | Issue | 6 | Pages | R199-R201 |
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| Publisher | Cell Press | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0960-9822 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5733 | ||
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| Author | Pain, S. | ||||
| Title | Inner Representations and Signs in Animals | Type |
Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Introduction to Biosemiotics | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 409-455 | ||
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| Abstract | At the beginning of the twentieth century, behaviourists like John B. Watson (1878-1958) changed the focus of attention from the inside of the brain (mentalism and introspection then being the main trend in psychology at the time) to the outside (Watson, 1913). They believed that we could learn nearly everything about animals and humans by studying their performance in learning experiments, and this was both measurable and verifiable. Today in the first decade of the twenty-first century, there has been a return to the inside. The neurosciences seek physiological explanations and connections between external behaviour and the neural mechanisms within the nervous system. With the revolution in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology researchers are now able to visually represent neural activity. Other researchers have developed mathematical models and programs to visualise the patterns created in the periphery prior to central integration The author in this paper would like to distinguish these descriptive forms of representation from actual representations, i.e., those of which the animal is actually aware or conscious. Why does an animal sometimes make perceptual mistakes? (Case Study I “The Turtle and the Plastic Bag”). Is there more to dispositions? (Case Study II: “Taking Representation for a Walk. Argos and the Fake Daniel Dennett”). How is prey represented to an animal? (Case Study III “Representation of Prey in the Jellyfish/Herring Predator-Prey Dyad”). Does a simple animal feel pain or suffer? (Case Study IV: A Can of Worms. The Earthworm as Bait) It will be argued on the basis of contemporary biosemiotic research that animals (including both vertebrates and invertebrates) represent environmental information internally, and these representations can be subdivided into i.) primary or peripheral representation and ii.) central representation which are quantitative and qualitative respectively. Sensory information is conveyed via signals, these are received as stimuli then transduced into internal signals (see Theoretical Framework). At this stage the animal is not aware of the quality of the information as it has not yet been integrated or processed in a ganglionic complex. One can describe the properties of this pre-integrated information as quantitative and syntactical i.e., spatial and temporal ordering of incoming signals and their relations. The sign which is the smallest unit of qualitative representation arises only after integration of information from two or more discrete sensory modalities. These findings have repercussions for current models of animal learning and behaviour, especially in lower invertebrates (the principal subject of this paper); they also challenge the development of robots based on so-called simple systems | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3102 | ||
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| Author | Scheumann, M.; Rabesandratana, A.; Zimmermann, E. | ||||
| Title | Predation, Communication, and Cognition in Lemurs | Type |
Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Primate Anti-Predator Strategies | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 100-126 | ||
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| Abstract | Predation represents an important selective force shaping the evolution of primate behavior. Primates confronted with predators have evolved various strategies to minimize the probability of being eaten. Predation risk and hunting styles of predators should have selected for communicative and cognitive abilities linked to socioecology and life history. As studies on several socially cohesive mammals indicate, the study of anti-predator behavior represents an important tool for gaining insight into cognition, e.g., to understand how animals classify objects and events in the world around them (e.g., marmots: Blumstein, 1999; vervet monkeys: Seyfarth et al., 1980; Diana monkeys: Zuberbhler, 2000; suricates: Manser et al., 2002). | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3103 | ||
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| Author | Janis, C. | ||||
| Title | An Evolutionary History of Browsing and Grazing Ungulates | Type |
Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | The Ecology of Browsing and Grazing | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 21-45 | ||
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| Abstract | Browsing (i.e., eating woody and non-woody dicotyledonous plants) and grazing (i.e., eating grass) are distinctively different types of feeding behaviour among ungulates today. Ungulates with different diets have different morphologies (both craniodental ones and in aspects of the digestive system) and physiologies, although some of these differences are merely related to body size, as grazers are usually larger than browsers. There is also a difference in the foraging behaviour in terms of the relationship between resource abundance and intake rate, which is linear in browsers but asymptotic in grazers. The spatial distribution of the food resource is also different for the different types of herbage, browse being more patchily distributed than grass, and thus browsers and grazers are likely to have a very different perception of food resources in any given ecosystem (see Gordon 2003, for review). | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4392 | ||
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| Author | Stashak, T. S.; Wissdorf, H. | ||||
| Title | Adams' Lahmheit bei Pferden | Type |
Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Keywords | Pferd / Anatomie, Krankheiten, Heilkunde | Innere Krankheit (Tier) | Krankheit / Tierkrankheit | Pathologie (der Tiere) ( Tierkrankheit ) | Pathologie (der Tiere) / Tierkrankheit | Tierkrankheit – Pathologie (der Tiere) | ||||
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| Publisher | Schaper M. & H | Place of Publication | Hannover | Editor | |
| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 3794402197 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4447 | ||
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| Author | Peterson, R. O. | ||||
| Title | The Wolves of Isle Royale: A Broken Balance | Type |
Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Abstract | About the Book “Few can rival what Rolf Peterson has accomplished on Isle Royale. His study, a true classic, offers lessons and examples to us all who hope to do the same. This book reveals some of the secrets and details of this one-of-a-kind wolf study.” -Douglas W. Smith, Leader, Yellowstone Wolf Project For nearly half a century Isle Royale National Park has been the site of a comprehensive study on wolves (2008 marks the fiftieth anniversary)-the world's longest-running study on any wild animal. With its lush northern landscape and wolf and moose populations, the pristine and isolated park presents an ideal laboratory for wildlife biologists. The Wolves of Isle Royale is author and wildlife biologist Rolf Peterson's fascinating firsthand account of the relationship that exists between the wolf and the moose on the island. Illustrated with over 100 photographs, this book reveals the true nature of the mysterious and little-understood wolf, and it offers novel solutions to the conservation crisis as the wolf population falters to its lowest recorded level. Rolf O. Peterson is known worldwide for his wolf research. His photographs have been published in National Geographic, Audubon, and National Wildlife. He is Professor of Wildlife Ecology at Michigan Technological University. Cover photo credit: Rolf O. Peterson |
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| Publisher | The university of Michigan Press | Place of Publication | Michigan | Editor | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-0-472-03261-7 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4716 | ||
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| Author | Martin, P.; Bateson P. | ||||
| Title | Measuring Behaviour – An Introductory Guide | Type |
Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge | Editor | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | Third Edition | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5402 | ||
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| Author | Hübener, Eberhard | ||||
| Title | Pferdgerechte Hilfen und der Zeitgeber dafür | Type |
Journal | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Piaffe | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 1/2007 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | Harmonie zwischen Mensch und Pferd und Verständnis des Reiters für körperliche Beschaffenheit und Verhaltensweise des Pferdes fordern wahre Hippologen seit Jahrhunderten. Dauernde intensive Aufmerksamkeit ermöglicht dem Pferd, kaum sichtbare Signale des Leittiers oder des Reiters (!) wahrzunehmen und blitzschnell zu befolgen. Wir müssen mit dem Pferd also nicht umgehen, als sei es unwillig oder taub. Wenn der Reiter in perfekter Balance sitzt, möchte sein Schenkel während des Vorsetzens des gleichseitigen Pferde-Hinterbeins “selbsttätig” an den wegschwingenden Pferderumpf fallen. Dies ist der einzige Moment, in dem das Pferd eine vorwärtstreibende, seitwärtstreibende oder verhaltende Einwirkung des Reiters unmittelbar befolgen kann. Video-Aufnahmen bestätigen, was wir bereits vor über hundert Jahren wußten, was dann in unserer “Sportorganisation” aber irgendwie in Vergessenheit geriet. Natürlich dürfen wir den Schenkel nicht ständig ans Pferd fallen lassen, weil das Pferd das dann nicht mehr als Signal wertet. Wie die Schenkeleinwirkung 'an-' und 'abstellbar' ist, wird erläutert. Für das reiterliche Niveau hierzulande ist von entscheidender Bedeutung, daß junge Reiter an der Basis mit dem “selbsttätigen Schenkel” vertraut gemacht werden, sobald sie halbwegs sattelfest geworden sind. Jugendliche erlernen ihn spielend und verlieren ihn nie mehr, Erwachsene haben es da mangels ausreichender Beweglichkeit ihres Beckenringes wesentlich schwerer. Angesichts des höchst unzureichenden Angebotes guten Reitunterrichts könnte ein Lehr-Video zu diesem Thema überaus nützlich sein. Sponsoren dafür werden hier gesucht! Für Reiter, die den Balancesitz beherrschen und somit fühlen, wie ihre Schenkel an den wegschwingenden Pferderumpf fallen, ist Reiten fortan im Wesentlichen Selbstdisziplin. Daß wir wichtigste Elemente der Reitkunst verlieren können, wenn wir uns nicht mehr wissenschaftlich mit ihrem Inhalt auseinandersetzen, ist für den Autor Anlaß, sich in diesem Aufsatz erneut für interdisziplinäre universitäre Forschung zur Reitlehre und für die Unterstützung solcher Projekte durch die Spitzenorganisation einzusetzen. |
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| Publisher | Wu Wei Verlag | Place of Publication | D-86938 Schondorf | Editor | |
| Language | Deutsch | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Reiten Lesen Denken @ eberhardhuebener @ | Serial | 4319 | ||
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| Author | Gorecka, A.; Golonka, M.; Chruszczewski, M.; Jezierski, T. | ||||
| Title | A note on behaviour and heart rate in horses differing in facial hair whorl | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume | 105 | Issue | 1-3 | Pages | 244-248 |
| Keywords | Horse; Hair whorls; Behavioural tests; Reactivity; Heart rate | ||||
| Abstract | The relationship between facial hair whorl position and reactivity, as assessed by behavioural measures (handling score = HS; startle reaction to a suddenly appearing novel object = SR; latency to touch a novel object = LNO) and heart rate measures (mean HR; increase in heart rate = IHR) were studied using 55 Konik horses reared either under conventional stable conditions or in the forest reserve. Horses were classified into four groups according to the whorl position and/or shape: (1) high, single whorl above the top eye line, n = 9; (2) medium, single whorl between the top and the bottom eye line, n = 30; (3) low, single whorl below the bottom eye line, n = 10; and (4) elongated or double whorl, n = 6. Horses with a high whorl position demonstrated a lesser degree of manageability as expressed by a lower HS compared to individuals with medium (P = 0.002) or low whorl positions (P = 0.016). Horses with different whorl positions did not differ significantly in their startle response to a suddenly appearing novel object (P = 0.685). The horses with an elongated or double whorl, which appeared only in the forest group, took significantly longer to approach the novel object than horses with medium (P = 0.006) or low (P = 0.005) whorl positions. No significant differences in mean HR and IHR between groups (HR: P = 0.629 and IHR: P = 0.214) were found. In conclusion, this study supports the relationship between the position of the hair whorl on the horses' head and their manageability during handling, as well as the latency to approach an unknown object. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 460 | ||
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| Author | Spadavecchia, C.; Arendt-Nielsen, L.; Spadavecchia, L.; Mosing, M.; Auer, U.; van den Hoven, R. | ||||
| Title | Effects of butorphanol on the withdrawal reflex using threshold, suprathreshold and repeated subthreshold electrical stimuli in conscious horses | Type |
Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia | Abbreviated Journal | Vet Anaesth Analg |
| Volume | 34 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 48-58 |
| Keywords | Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology; Animals; Butorphanol/*pharmacology; Consciousness; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Female; Forelimb/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Male; Pain/veterinary; Pain Threshold/*drug effects; Reflex/*drug effects | ||||
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a single intravenous dose of butorphanol (0.1 mg kg(-1)) on the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) using threshold, suprathreshold and repeated subthreshold electrical stimuli in conscious horses. STUDY DESIGN: 'Unblinded', prospective experimental study. ANIMALS: Ten adult horses, five geldings and five mares, mean body mass 517 kg (range 487-569 kg). METHODS: The NWR was elicited using single transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the palmar digital nerve. Repeated stimulations were applied to evoke temporal summation. Surface electromyography was performed to record and quantify the responses of the common digital extensor muscle to stimulation and behavioural reactions were scored. Before butorphanol administration and at fixed time points up to 2 hours after injection, baseline threshold intensities for NWR and temporal summation were defined and single suprathreshold stimulations applied. Friedman repeated-measures analysis of variance on ranks and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used with the Student-Newman-Keul's method applied post-hoc. The level of significance (alpha) was set at 0.05. RESULTS: Butorphanol did not modify either the thresholds for NWR and temporal summation or the reaction scores, but the difference between suprathreshold and threshold reflex amplitudes was reduced when single stimulation was applied. Upon repeated stimulation after butorphanol administration, a significant decrease in the relative amplitude was calculated for both the 30-80 and the 80-200 millisecond intervals after each stimulus, and for the whole post-stimulation interval in the right thoracic limb. In the left thoracic limb a decrease in the relative amplitude was found only in the 30-80 millisecond epoch. CONCLUSION: Butorphanol at 0.1 mg kg(-1) has no direct action on spinal Adelta nociceptive activity but may have some supraspinal effects that reduce the gain of the nociceptive system. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Butorphanol has minimal effect on sharp immediate Adelta-mediated pain but may alter spinal processing and decrease the delayed sensations of pain. | ||||
| Address | Anesthesiology Section, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland. claudia.spadavecchia@veths.no | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1467-2987 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:17238962 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 92 | ||
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