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Miller-Butterworth, C.M.; Kaplan, J.R.; Barmada, M.M.; Manuck, S.B.; Ferrell, R.E. |
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Title |
The Serotonin Transporter: Sequence Variation in Macaca fascicularis and its Relationship to Dominance |
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2007 |
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Behav Genet |
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Specific genotypes of the rhesus monkey and human serotonin transporter gene (SERT) promoter region are associated with personality traits and serotonergic activity. However, the most commonly studied promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) is monomorphic in many other monkey species. To date, no systematic search for alternative potentially functional polymorphisms across the remaining coding parts of the gene has been undertaken in other primate species, despite the crucial role SERT plays in modulating serotonergic tone. We investigated whether sequence variation in this gene is associated with social rank and serotonin metabolite (5-HIAA) differences in 524 cynomolgus macaques. Sequence variation and extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) across the regulatory and coding regions were initially characterized in 92 macaques. The exons and promoter contained 28 polymorphisms, more than double that recorded for human SERT. In further contrast to humans, the macaque SERT showed no significant LD. Potentially functional polymorphisms were genotyped in all animals. No individual variants or haplotypes were significantly associated with social rank or 5-HIAA concentrations; however, certain serotonin transporter diplotypes may modulate acquisition of dominance status. |
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Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, A300 Crabtree Hall, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, cbutterworth@hgen.pitt.edu |
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English |
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0001-8244 |
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PMID:17605101 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4104 |
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Schneider, J.D.; Tokach, M.D.; Dritz, S.S.; Nelssen, J.L.; DeRouchey, J.M.; Goodband, R.D. |
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Title |
Effects of feeding schedule on body condition, aggressiveness, and reproductive failure in group housed sows |
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2007 |
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Journal of Animal Science |
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J. Anim Sci. |
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jas.2007-0345- |
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A total of 208 sows and 288 gilts (PIC Line C29) were used to determine the influence of feeding frequency (2 versus 6 times/d, floor fed) on performance and welfare measurements on a commercial sow farm. Treatments consisted of feeding similar amounts of feed to each sow (2.5 kg) or gilt (2.05 kg) over 2 (0700 and 1530 h) or 6 times daily (0700, 0730, 0800, 1530, 1600, and 1630). There were 8 sows or 12 gilts in each pen. Gilts and sows were moved to pens 1 to 4 d after breeding. In sows, there were no differences (P > 0.10) in ADG, backfat change, or variation in BW. There was a trend (P < 0.08) for sows fed twice a daily to farrow more total pigs born, but number born alive or other reproductive performance traits were not different (P > 0.10) among treatments. Sows fed 6 times per d had increased vocalization during the morning (P < 0.07) and afternoon (P < 0.01) feeding periods compared with sows fed twice daily. Sows fed twice daily had more skin (P < 0.01) and vulva (P < 0.04) lesions as well as a small increase in feet and leg (P < 0.01) and hoof (P < 0.02) problems. In this commercial facility, the standard management protocol required moving gilts to a different gestation facility on d 42. On d 42, 2 pens of gilts with similar breeding dates and treatment were combined and moved to another facility with larger pens until farrowing. Gilts fed 6 times daily had a tendency for greater ADG (P < 0.07) from d 0 to 42, and a tendency for greater (P < 0.09) backfat on d 42. After movement to the larger groups from d 42 to farrowing, ADG was similar (P > 0.10) for gilts fed 2 or 6 times daily. Gilts fed twice daily had lower BW variation at d 42 (P < 0.04) and tended to at farrowing (P < 0.10). In gilts, there were no differences (P > 0.10) for reproductive performance, skin and vulva lesions, and feet, leg scores. In conclusion, there were few growth, farrowing, or aggression differences among gilts fed either 2 or 6 times daily. This suggests that either feeding method is suitable for group housed gilts. Among sows, feeding frequency resulted in few growth or farrowing performance differences. Feeding 6 times daily resulted in a small but significant reduction in skin and vulva lesions and structural problem scores while increasing vocalization. Increasing the feeding frequency from 2 to 6 times daily does not appear to have a negative or positive impact on performance or welfare of group housed gilts and sows. |
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10.2527/jas.2007-0345 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4250 |
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Dugnol, B.; Fernández, C.; Galiano, G. |
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Wolf population counting by spectrogram image processing |
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2007 |
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Appl Math Comput |
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186 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Dugnol2007 |
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6464 |
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Dugnol, B.; Fernández, C.; Galiano, G.; Velasco, J. |
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Implementation of a diffusive differential reassignment method for signal enhancement: An application to wolf population counting |
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2007 |
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Appl Math Comput |
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193 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Dugnol2007 |
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6465 |
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Palacios, V.; Font, E.; Marquez, R. |
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Iberian wolf howls: acoustic structure, individual variation, and a comparison with North American populations |
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2007 |
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J Mammal |
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88 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Palacios2007 |
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6469 |
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Hall, C. |
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Title |
The impact of visual perception on equine learning |
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2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
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Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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29-33 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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619 |
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Ninomiya, S. |
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Social leaning and stereotypy in horses |
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2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
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Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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22-23 |
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620 |
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Leblanc, M.-A.; Duncan, P. |
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Can studies of cognitive abilities and of life in the wild really help us to understand equine learning? |
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2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
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Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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49-52 |
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Sigurjónsdóttir , H. |
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Equine learning behaviour: The importance of evolutionary and ecological approach in research |
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2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
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Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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40-42 |
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624 |
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Houpt, K.A. |
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Title |
Imprinting training and conditioned taste aversion |
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2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
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Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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14-16 |
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628 |
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