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	Author	Poisbleau, M.; Fritz, H.; Valeix, M.; Perroi, P.-Y.; Dalloyau, S.; Lambrechts, M.M.
	Title	Social dominance correlates and family status in wintering dark-bellied brent geese, Branta bernicla bernicla			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Animal Behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Behav.
	Volume	71	Issue	6	Pages	1351-1358
	Keywords
	Abstract	In many gregarious species, including ducks and geese, being dominant provides more benefits than costs, because dominants have better access to resources essential for survival or reproduction. In geese, being in better body condition during migration towards the breeding grounds positively influences reproductive success. However, underlying proximate mechanisms linking prebreeding body condition on the wintering grounds to breeding success remain poorly understood. We investigated social dominance correlates and family status, in three consecutive winters, in a free-ranging, migrating, dark-bellied brent goose population. Families with juveniles dominated pairs, and pairs dominated singletons. Dominance rank did not increase with the number of juveniles per family. Males were dominant over females. Social dominance and reproductive status for a given winter were significantly correlated with body mass, body size and body condition during the previous winter, suggesting that body condition in winter also affects subsequent breeding success and hence also dominance. Levels of testosterone and triiodothyronine were not correlated with immediate or later dominance or reproductive status. We discuss the role of family status as a signal of social status in determining reproductive strategies.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-3472	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4690
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	Author	Franks, N.R.; Richardson, T.
	Title	Teaching in tandem-running ants			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Nature	Abbreviated Journal	Nature
	Volume	439	Issue	7073	Pages	153
	Keywords	Animal Communication; Animals; Ants/physiology; Feedback/physiology; Learning/physiology; Teaching
	Abstract	The ant Temnothorax albipennis uses a technique known as tandem running to lead another ant from the nest to food--with signals between the two ants controlling both the speed and course of the run. Here we analyse the results of this communication and show that tandem running is an example of teaching, to our knowledge the first in a non-human animal, that involves bidirectional feedback between teacher and pupil. This behaviour indicates that it could be the value of information, rather than the constraint of brain size, that has influenced the evolution of teaching.
	Address	School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 IUG, UK. nigel.franks@bristol.ac.uk
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1476-4687	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16407943			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4651
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	Author	Trillmich, F.; Rehling, A.
	Title	Animal Communication: Parent-Offspring			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2006	Publication	Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	284-288
	Keywords	Begging Strategies; Communication; Competition; Feeding Strategies; Fitness; Parental Care; Parent-Offspring Conflict; Recognition; Sibling Conflict
	Abstract	Parent-offspring communication has evolved under strong selection to guarantee that the valuable resource of parental care is expended efficiently on raising offspring. To ensure allocation of parental care to their own offspring, individual recognition becomes established in higher vertebrates when the young become mobile at a time when a nest site can no longer provide a safe cue to recognition. Such recognition needs to be established by rapid, sometimes imprinting-like, processes in animals producing precocial offspring. In parents, offering strategies that stimulate feeding and entice offspring to approach the right site have evolved. Such parental signals can be olfactory, acoustic, or visual. In offspring, begging strategies involve shuffling for the best place to obtain food – be this the most productive teat or the best position in the nest. This involves signals that make the offspring particularly obvious to the parent. Parents often feed young according to their signaling intensity but may also show favoritism for weaker offspring. Offspring signals also serve to communicate the continuing presence of the young and may thereby maintain brood-care behavior in parents. Internal processes in parents may end parental care irrespective of further signaling by offspring, thus ensuring that offspring cannot manipulate parents into providing substantially more care than is optimal for their own fitness.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Elsevier	Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor	Keith Brown
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	9780080448541	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4642
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	Author	Mateo, J.M.
	Title	The nature and representation of individual recognition odours in Belding's ground squirrels			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Animal Behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Behav.
	Volume	71	Issue	1	Pages	141-154
	Keywords
	Abstract	In many taxonomic groups, odours provide cues to species identity, reproductive status, genetic relatedness and individual identity. These odour cues are often used to mark territories or other resources and to recognize individuals through direct or indirect olfactory investigation. Belding's ground squirrels, Spermophilus beldingi, frequently scent-mark their environment and they also investigate the scent glands of conspecifics, which suggests that odours play a modulating role in their social relationships. I conducted studies to determine what information is conveyed by various S. beldingi odours and whether this information is used by conspecifics for social recognition. Spermophilus beldingi produce a number of cues that are individually distinct, including odours from oral, dorsal, pedal and anal glands and from ears, but apparently not from urine, although it is unclear whether all of these odours are used for social recognition. This discrimination among odours of individuals does not require prior familiarity with the odour bearers. The volatile components of some odours are sufficient to permit individual discrimination, which may explain how animals appear to [`]recognize' each other from a short distance. Finally, S. beldingi incorporate multiple odours into their memories of conspecifics as perception of one odour of an individual generalizes to a second odour from it, suggesting a mental representation of familiar individuals. The production of multiple unique odours may facilitate accurate discrimination of conspecifics along several social dimensions, and some of these odours also vary with relatedness. Together, these results indicate a rich olfactory milieu mediating the social lives of S. beldingi.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4640
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	Author	Sato, W.; Aoki, S.
	Title	Right hemispheric dominance in processing of unconscious negative emotion			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Brain and Cognition	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	62	Issue	3	Pages	261-266
	Keywords	Right hemispheric dominance; Unconscious negative emotion; Subliminal affective priming; Emotional facial expressions
	Abstract	Right hemispheric dominance in unconscious emotional processing has been suggested, but remains controversial. This issue was investigated using the subliminal affective priming paradigm combined with unilateral visual presentation in 40 normal subjects. In either left or right visual fields, angry facial expressions, happy facial expressions, or plain gray images were briefly presented as negative, positive, and control primes, followed by a mosaic mask. Then nonsense target ideographs were presented, and the subjects evaluated their partiality toward the targets. When the stimuli were presented in the left, but not the right, visual fields, the negative primes reduced the subjects' liking for the targets, relative to the case of the positive or control primes. These results provided behavioral evidence supporting the hypothesis that the right hemisphere is dominant for unconscious negative emotional processing.
	Address
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4638
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	Author	Pell, M.D.
	Title	Cerebral mechanisms for understanding emotional prosody in speech			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Brain and Language	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	96	Issue	2	Pages	221-234
	Keywords	Emotion; Prosody; Speech; Laterality; Brain-damaged; Patient study; Sentence processing; Social cognitive neuroscience
	Abstract	Hemispheric contributions to the processing of emotional speech prosody were investigated by comparing adults with a focal lesion involving the right (n = 9) or left (n = 11) hemisphere and adults without brain damage (n = 12). Participants listened to semantically anomalous utterances in three conditions (discrimination, identification, and rating) which assessed their recognition of five prosodic emotions under the influence of different task- and response-selection demands. Findings revealed that right- and left-hemispheric lesions were associated with impaired comprehension of prosody, although possibly for distinct reasons: right-hemisphere compromise produced a more pervasive insensitivity to emotive features of prosodic stimuli, whereas left-hemisphere damage yielded greater difficulties interpreting prosodic representations as a code embedded with language content.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4637
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	Author	Grinder, M.I.; Krausman, P.R.; Hoffmann, R.S.
	Title	Equus asinus			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Mammalian Species	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	794	Issue	1	Pages	1-9
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	Abstract
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4633
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	Author	Ferrari, M.C.O.; Capitania-Kwok, T.; Chivers, D.P.
	Title	The role of learning in the acquisition of threat-sensitive responses to predator odours			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology	Abbreviated Journal	Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
	Volume	60	Issue	4	Pages	522-527
	Keywords
	Abstract	The supposition that prey animals respond to a predator with an intensity that matches the risk posed by the predator is known as the threat-sensitive predator avoidance hypothesis. Many studies have provided support for this hypothesis; yet, few studies have attempted to determine how such abilities are acquired by prey species. In this study, we investigated whether fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) could learn to recognize an unknown predator (northern pike, Esox lucius) in such a way that they could match the intensity of their antipredator response with the threat posed by the predator. We exposed pike-naive minnows to conspecific alarm cues paired with either a high or low concentration of pike odor. The following day, both groups were tested for a response to either high or low concentration of pike odor alone. We found that minnows conditioned with alarm cues paired with a given concentration of pike odor subsequently responded with a higher intensity to higher concentrations of pike odor, and with a lower intensity to lower concentrations of pike odor. These results demonstrate that during a single conditioning trial, minnows learn the identity of the predator in a threat-sensitive manner. Minnows use predator odor concentrations that they experience in subsequent interactions to adjust the intensity of their antipredator behavior. © Springer-Verlag 2006.
	Address	Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Sask. S7N 5E2, Canada
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	Notes	Cited By (since 1996): 8; Export Date: 24 October 2008; Source: Scopus			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4620
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	Author	Ligout, S.; Porter, R.-H.
	Title	Social recognition in mammals: Mechanisms and sensorial bases			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Productions Animales	Abbreviated Journal	Prod. Anim.
	Volume	19	Issue	2	Pages	119-133
	Keywords
	Abstract	Social recognition plays a major role in the mediation of interactions between individuals and the organisation of societies. During the last 20 years, numerous studies have investigated the adaptive significance, underlying mechanisms and sensory basis of individual recognition of kin as well as non-kin. The results indicate that the recognition of conspecifics involves complex, flexible processes that are widespread throughout the vertebrate kingdom. Such recognition can be based upon different mechanisms and sensory modalities, and influenced by diverse factors. Learned phenotypic traits of conspecifics through familiarisation, including oneself, is the fundamental mechanism implicated in recognition. Animals become directly familiar with others with which they interact. Moreover, kin of familiar conspecifics may be discriminated because of their resemblance to the known individuals. An animal's genotype and environmental variables may both contribute to its recognisable individual signatures (e.g. distinctive olfactory, visual, or auditory characteristics). In general, the study of social recognition enhances our understanding of the cognitive world of animals.
	Address	INRA, CNRS, UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Export Date: 23 October 2008; Source: Scopus			Approved	yes
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4568
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	Author	Drummond, H.
	Title	Dominance in vertebrate broods and litters			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Quarterly Review of Biology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	81	Issue	1	Pages	3-32
	Keywords	Aggression; Assessment; Dominance; Individual recognition; Sibling conflict; Trained losing
	Abstract	Drawing on the concepts and theory of dominance in adult vertebrates, this article categorizes the relationships of dominance between infant siblings, identifies the behavioral mechanisms that give rise to those relationships, and proposes a model to explain their evolution. Dominance relationships in avian broods can be classified according to the agonistic roles of dominants and subordinates as “aggression-submission,” “aggression-resistance, ” “aggression-aggression,” “aggression-avoidance,” “rotating dominance,” and “flock dominance.” These relationships differ mainly in the submissiveness/pugnacity of subordinates, which is pivotal, and in the specificity/generality of the learning processes that underlie them. As in the dominance hierarchies of adult vertebrates, agonistic roles are engendered and maintained by several mechanisms, including differential fighting ability, assessment, trained winning and losing (especially in altricial species), learned individual relationships (especially in precocial species), site-specific learning, and probably group-level effects. An evolutionary framework in which the species-typical dominance relationship is determined by feeding mode, confinement, cost of subordination, and capacity for individual recognition, can be extended to mammalian litters and account for the aggression-submission and aggression-resistance observed in distinct populations of spotted hyenas and the “site-specific dominance” (teat ownership) of some pigs, felids, and hyraxes. Little is known about agonism in the litters of other mammals or broods of poikilotherms, but some species of fish and crocodilians have the potential for dominance among broodmates. Copyright © 2006 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.
	Address	Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-275, 04510 D.F., Mexico
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Cited By (since 1996): 20; Export Date: 23 October 2008; Source: Scopus			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4559
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