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Author Povinelli, D.J.; Vonk, J.
Title Chimpanzee minds: suspiciously human? Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Trends in Cognitive Sciences Abbreviated Journal Trends. Cognit. Sci.
Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 157-160
Keywords
Abstract Chimpanzees undoubtedly form concepts related to the statistical regularities in behavior. But do they also construe such abstractions in terms of mental states – that is, do they possess a [`]theory of mind'? Although both anecdotal and experimental data have been marshaled to support this idea, we show that no explanatory power or economy of expression is gained by such an assumption. We suggest that additional experiments will be unhelpful as long as they continue to rely upon determining whether subjects interpret behavioral invariances in terms of mental states. We propose a paradigm shift to overcome this limitation.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1364-6613 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4959
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Author Herbert Gintis; Samuel Bowles; Robert Boyd; Ernst Fehr
Title Explaining altruistic behavior in humans Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Evolution and Human Behaviour Abbreviated Journal
Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 153-172
Keywords Altruism; Reciprocity; Experimental games; Evolution of cooperation
Abstract Recent experimental research has revealed forms of human behavior involving interaction among unrelated individuals that have proven difficult to explain in terms of kin or reciprocal altruism. One such trait, strong reciprocity is a predisposition to cooperate with others and to punish those who violate the norms of cooperation, at personal cost, even when it is implausible to expect that these costs will be repaid. We present evidence supporting strong reciprocity as a schema for predicting and understanding altruism in humans. We show that under conditions plausibly characteristic of the early stages of human evolution, a small number of strong reciprocators could invade a population of self-regarding types, and strong reciprocity is an evolutionary stable strategy. Although most of the evidence we report is based on behavioral experiments, the same behaviors are regularly described in everyday life, for example, in wage setting by firms, tax compliance, and cooperation in the protection of local environmental public goods.
Address
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1090-5138 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ S1090-5138(02)00157-5 Serial (down) 4943
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Author Adolphs, R.
Title Cognitive neuroscience of human social behaviour Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Nature Reviews. Neuroscience Abbreviated Journal Nat Rev Neurosci
Volume 4 Issue 3 Pages 165-178
Keywords Cognition; Emotions; Humans; Models, Psychological; *Social Behavior
Abstract We are an intensely social species--it has been argued that our social nature defines what makes us human, what makes us conscious or what gave us our large brains. As a new field, the social brain sciences are probing the neural underpinnings of social behaviour and have produced a banquet of data that are both tantalizing and deeply puzzling. We are finding new links between emotion and reason, between action and perception, and between representations of other people and ourselves. No less important are the links that are also being established across disciplines to understand social behaviour, as neuroscientists, social psychologists, anthropologists, ethologists and philosophers forge new collaborations.
Address Deparment of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA. ralph-adolphs@uiowa.edu
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1471-003X ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:12612630 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4706
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Author Hedman, J.
Title Heart rate response towards fear-eliciting stimuli in horses Type Manuscript
Year 2003 Publication Sveriges lantbruksuniversitetSveriges lantbruksuniversitet Veterinärprogrammet Abbreviated Journal
Volume 2004 Issue 40 Pages
Keywords horse, fear, heart-rate, novel stimuli
Abstract Finding the right horse for each rider is a difficult task as it is just as important that the temperament of the horse fits the rider as it is that the horse is of the right size. Even though it is a commonly experienced problem, no objective method of easily measuring the horse“s temperament has yet been developed. If it is possible to test horses and get an objective measure of how reactive (emotional) they are, it could be a big help in finding the right horse for each rider. It would be desirable to have a way of testing the horse”s reaction in an unfamiliar (and potentially frightening) situation. In practice this test should be just as easy as it is getting a judgement of its conformation and gaits.

The aim of the present study was to measure individual variation in HR response to different novel objects in horses of the same age, breed and reared in the same environment. We wanted to see whether certain horses (i.e. more emotional horses) react more to novel stimuli, in general, than other horses (i.e. less emotional), irrespective of the type of stimulus. We also wanted to see if different novel stimuli elicited different responses within individuals. The hypothesis was that individuals will react in a similar way to various stimuli.

Twenty four Danish warmblood horses were included in this study. All horses were 2 year-old stallions, reared under similar environmental conditions. They had received a minimum of handling prior to the experimental period. Three different stimuli were used. They were chosen because they were novel to the horses and would elicit measurable fear-reactions in all horses, but not so much that the horses did not approach the feed within the duration of the test. The visual stimulus consisted of a 1meter high orange traffic cone with reflex stripes, placed 1 m in front of the tub, the olfactory stimulus was eucalyptus oil and the auditory stimulus was a radio tuned to white noise. The control was an empty arena.

The result was that only the HR response to the auditory and visual stimuli differed significantly from the control days. The olfactory stimulus did not seem to alarm the horses the way the other stimuli did. We found a tendency towards a correlation in reaction between the olfactory and auditory stimuli and between the auditory and visual stimuli within individuals. These results indicate that horses do not generalize completely in their reaction between different stimuli.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis Bachelor's thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Dept. of Animal Environment and Health, SLU. Examensarbete / Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Veterinä Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1650-7045 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4652
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Author Waring, G.H.
Title Type Book Whole
Year 2003 Publication Horse behavior. 2nd ed Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 442 pp
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Notes Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 21 October 2008 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4548
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Author McLean, A.N.
Title Type Book Whole
Year 2003 Publication The Truth About Horses Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 48-49
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Notes Cited By (since 1996): 13; Export Date: 21 October 2008 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4531
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Author Fazio, E.; Ferlazzo, A.
Title Evaluation of Stress During Transport Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Veterinary Research Communications Abbreviated Journal
Volume 27 Issue Pages 519-524
Keywords hormones – physiological variables – stress – transport procedures
Abstract Domestic animals are transported for a variety of reasons including breeding, biomedical purposes, slaughter and, in the case of sporting horses, for competitions, pleasure activities or ceremonial proceedings. Studies to determine the amount of stress on farm animals during transport often have highly variable results and are difficult to interpret. The reaction of animals to stressors depends on the duration and intensity of the stressors, the animal's previous experience, its physiological status and the immediate environmental restraints. Behavioural, haematological, haematochemical, physiological and neuro-hormonal (ß-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, iodothyronines) variables are discussed on the basis of handling, loading and transport procedures of animals.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4391
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Author Wilson, R.T.
Title Biodiversity of Domestic Livestock in the Republic of Yemen Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Tropical Animal Health and Production Abbreviated Journal
Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 27-46
Keywords Abstract This paper describes the domestic livestock of the Republic of Yemen and aspires to complement earlier sources listing or partially describing `breeds'. It attempts to cover all species and provide indications of production parameters through a literature review and via field observations made by the author in 1999. Information is provided on livestock numbers and the economic importance of animal production. Most animals are kept in sedentary mixed crop-livestock production systems; transhumant systems have the next greatest number of stock; with nomadic systems being of least and declining importance. Yemen's livestock appear to comprise at least 11 breeds of sheep, 5 breeds of goat, 2 breeds of cattle, 4 breeds of camel, 2 breeds of donkey and 1 breed of horse. There are no data on breeds of poultry but domestic fowl (where clearly considerable diversity exists) and pigeons are kept. There is little formal information on the history and relationships of most breeds. Some appear to be of ancient local origin, whereas others show affinities with those of neighbouring and other countries. None of the identified types is considered endangered, so conservation would be premature. A more formal and detailed genetic characterization, to add to the largely morphological and traditional classification, may, however, reveal such a need.
Abstract Abstract This paper describes the domestic livestock of the Republic of Yemen and aspires to complement earlier sources listing or partially describing `breeds'. It attempts to cover all species and provide indications of production parameters through a literature review and via field observations made by the author in 1999. Information is provided on livestock numbers and the economic importance of animal production. Most animals are kept in sedentary mixed crop-livestock production systems; transhumant systems have the next greatest number of stock; with nomadic systems being of least and declining importance. Yemen's livestock appear to comprise at least 11 breeds of sheep, 5 breeds of goat, 2 breeds of cattle, 4 breeds of camel, 2 breeds of donkey and 1 breed of horse. There are no data on breeds of poultry but domestic fowl (where clearly considerable diversity exists) and pigeons are kept. There is little formal information on the history and relationships of most breeds. Some appear to be of ancient local origin, whereas others show affinities with those of neighbouring and other countries. None of the identified types is considered endangered, so conservation would be premature. A more formal and detailed genetic characterization, to add to the largely morphological and traditional classification, may, however, reveal such a need.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4389
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Author Fazio, F.; Assenza, A.; Piccione, G.; Caola, G.
Title Periodic Monitoring of Some Physiological Parameters during Training in the Athletic Horse Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Veterinary Research Communications Abbreviated Journal
Volume 27 Issue Pages 595-598
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Abstract
Address
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4384
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Author Russell, L.A.
Title Decoding Equine Emotions Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Society and Animals Abbreviated Journal
Volume 11 Issue 3 Pages 265-266
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (down) 4383
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