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| Author | Van Doorn G.S.; Hengeveld G.M.; Weissing F.J. | ||||
| Title | The Evolution of Social Dominance II: Multi-Player Models | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Behavior | Abbreviated Journal | Behavior |
| Volume | 140 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 1333-1358 |
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| Abstract | The social hierarchies observed in natural systems often show a high degree of transitivity. Transitive hierarchies do not only require rank differentiation within pairs of individuals but also a higher level ordering of relations within the group. Several authors have suggested that the formation of linear hierarchies at the group level is an emergent property of individual behavioural rules, referred to as winner and loser effects. Winner and loser effects occur if winners of previous conflicts are more likely to escalate the current conflict, whereas the losers of previous conflicts are less likely to do so. According to this idea, an individual's position in a hierarchy may not necessarily reflect its fighting ability, but may rather result from arbitrary historical asymmetries, in particular the history of victories and defeats. However, if this is the case, it is difficult to explain from an evolutionary perspective why a low ranking individual should accept its subordinate status. Here we present a game theoretical model to investigate whether winner and loser effects giving rise to transitive hierarchies can evolve and under which conditions they are evolutionarily stable. The main version of the model focuses on an extreme case in which there are no intrinsic differences in fighting ability between individuals. The only asymmetries that may arise between individuals are generated by the outcome of previous conflicts. We show that, at evolutionary equilibrium, these asymmetries can be utilized for conventional conflict resolution. Several evolutionarily stable strategies are based on winner and loser effects and these strategies give rise to transitive hierarchies. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5106 | ||
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| Author | Camazine, S.; Deneubourg, J.L.; Franks, N.R.; Sneyd, J.; Theraula, G.; Bonabeau, E. | ||||
| Title | Self-Organization in Biological Systems | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Publisher | Princeton University Press | Place of Publication | Princeton | Editor | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-0691116242 | Medium | ||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5143 | ||
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| Author | Couzin, I.D.; Krause, J. | ||||
| Title | Self-Organization and Collective Behavior in Vertebrates | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Advances in the Study of Behavior | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 32 | Issue | Pages | 1-75 | |
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| Publisher | Academic Press | Place of Publication | Editor | Peter J. B. Slater, J.S.R., Charles T. Snowdon and Timothy J. Roper | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 0065-3454 | Medium | ||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5144 | ||
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| Author | Waeber P.O.; Hemelrijk C.K. | ||||
| Title | Female Dominance and Social Structure in Alaotran Gentle Lemurs | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 140 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 1235-1246 |
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| Abstract | Abstract: Lemur social systems have the striking social feature, that adult females consistently evoke submissive behaviour of adult males. In the Alaotran gentle lemur, Hapalemur griseus alaotrensis, however, female dominance has not been studied yet. Here we confirm female dominance over males on the basis of a 5-month field study of the social behaviour of four groups, in the Lake Alaotra marshland of eastern Madagascar. Further, we found that dominant individuals initiated aggressive interactions significantly more often than lowerranking ones, they initiated group movements more often and higher-ranking individuals were groomed more often. The spatial configuration was remarkable, since individuals were closer in space to those more distant in rank. |
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5148 | ||
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| Author | Aberle, K. S. | ||||
| Title | Untersuchung der Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse, Inzucht und genetischen Distanzen bei den deutschen Kaltblutpferderassen | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Hannover | Editor | ||
| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5185 | ||
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| Author | van Duijn, M. A.J. | ||||
| Title | Software for Social Network Analysis | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Abstract | This chapter gives a state-of-the art overview of available (free and commercial) software for social network analysis as of fall 2003. It reviews and compares six programs, illustrating their functionality with example data. Data manipulation options and available support are also discussed. Furthermore, seventeen other, of which nine special-purpose, software packages and ve software routine packages for general statistical software are reviewed brie y. The chapter concludes with some recommendations. |
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| Publisher | Heymans Institute/DPMG | Place of Publication | University of Groningen | Editor | |
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5205 | ||
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| Author | Kubinyi, E.; Topál, J.; Miklósi, Á.; Csányi, V. | ||||
| Title | Dogs (Canis familiaris) learn their owners via observation in a manipulation task. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Journal of Comparative Psychology | Abbreviated Journal | J. Comp. Psychol. |
| Volume | 117 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 156-165 |
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| Abstract | Eighty-seven pet dogs (Canis familiaris) were involved in an experiment in which they had to solve a task to obtain a ball. After witnessing a full demonstration by their owner (10 times pushing the handle of the box, which released a ball), most dogs preferred to touch the handle sooner and more frequently in comparison with other parts of the box, and they used the handle to get the ball. In contrast dogs in 3 control groups developed their own respective methods. The lack of emergence of the ball and playing after the demonstration did not affect the learning performance strongly. This suggests that in dogs the outcome of a demonstration plays only a restricted role in the manifestation of social learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) | ||||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5210 | ||
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| Author | Newman, M.E.J. | ||||
| Title | The Structure and Function of Complex Networks | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | SIAM Review | Abbreviated Journal | SIAM Rev. |
| Volume | 45 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 167-256 |
| Keywords | networks; graph theory; complex systems; computer networks; social networks; random graphs; percolation theory | ||||
| Abstract | Inspired by empirical studies of networked systems such as the Internet, social networks, and biological networks, researchers have in recent years developed a variety of techniques and models to help us understand or predict the behavior of these systems. Here we review developments in this field, including such concepts as the small-world effect, degree distributions, clustering, network correlations, random graph models, models of network growth and preferential attachment, and dynamical processes taking place on networks. | ||||
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| Publisher | Siam | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5214 | ||
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| Author | de Villiers, M.S.; Richardson, P.R.K.; van Jaarsveld, A.S. | ||||
| Title | Patterns of coalition formation and spatial association in a social carnivore, the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | J Zool |
| Volume | 260 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 377-389 |
| Keywords | coalitions; social systems; Carnivora; Lycaon pictus | ||||
| Abstract | In many social species, relationships within groups seem to be non-random but related to variables such as rank, kinship or sexual attractiveness. The endangered African wild dog Lycaon pictus is a social carnivore that lives in large, stable packs, and intra-pack associations might be expected to display similar patterns. We investigated patterns of coalition formation (support during dominance interactions, and partnership interactions) and resting associations between members of a captive pack of 19 wild dogs. The social organization of the captive pack was similar to that of free-ranging packs in many respects. Polyadic (group) incidents of coalition support were also observed in a free-ranging pack. Patterns of coalition formation in the captive pack were related to rank. Most aggressive interactions involved high-ranking individuals (particularly the alpha, beta and third-ranking males) and coalitionary support tended to reinforce the existing hierarchy. However, there was at least one example of support influencing a successful rank challenge. Support was affected by potential risks and benefits, the latter including dominance through association and revolutionary alliances. An even stronger pattern overlaid associations between pack members: coalitions and resting associations were strongest between members of the same age–sex cohort, and may have enabled the eventual dominance of younger pack members over adults. Among adults, coalitionary associations were sometimes overridden by intersexual relationships. The results from this captive pack suggest that wild dogs are sensitive to differences in competitive ability. This information, in conjunction with strong affiliative bonds between littermates, is used to manoeuvre for position in the social hierarchy. It may also be important during dispersal, in encounters with other dispersing groups of the same sex. Although most features of the social structure of the captive pack were comparable to those of free-ranging packs, aspects such as the influence of relatedness on coalition formation still need to be explored. | ||||
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| Publisher | Blackwell Publishing Ltd | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1469-7998 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5249 | ||
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| Author | Lefebvre, L.; Bouchard, J. | ||||
| Title | Social learning about food in birds | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | The Biology of Traditions | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 94-126 | ||
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| Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge | Editor | Fragaszy, D.M; Perry, S. |
| Language | Englisch | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-0521815970 | Medium | ||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5471 | ||
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