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| Author | Broucek, J.; Ksac, P.; Uhrincat, M. | ||||
| Title | The effect of sire line on learning and locomotor behaviour of heifers | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Czech Journal of Animal Science | Abbreviated Journal | Czech J. Anim. Sci |
| Volume | 48 | Issue | Pages | 387-394 | |
| Keywords | heifers; sire; maze; open-field test; repeatability; learning; locomotor behaviour relationship | ||||
| Abstract | ABSTRACT: e aim of this study was to test the effect of sire line on maze learning ability and locomotor behaviour in open-field tests of heifers, consistency over the time of grid crossing and relationship between the time of traversing the maze and grid crossings in open-field tests, respectively. We analysed the results of ethological tests for 54 Holstein heifers that descended from 7 sires. Maze behaviour was observed at the age of 15 weeks, an open-field test was applied at two age periods, 16 weeks and 18 months. We found out highly significant differences in the time of traversing the maze between heifers of different sire origin (P < 0.01). e number of grid crossings over the five minutes of the open-field test did not differ between the daughters of the age of 16 weeks and 18 months. Repeatability between the number of grid crossings at the age of 16 weeks and 18 months was proved by significant correlation (r = 0.2713*). On the contrary, significant relationships between the times of traversing the maze and locomotor behaviour in the open-field test (r =-0.3739*) were found only when the sequence of observations followed after a week pause (age of 15 and 16 weeks). |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4322 | ||
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| Author | Russell, L.A. | ||||
| Title | Decoding Equine Emotions | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Society and Animals | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 265-266 |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4383 | ||
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| Author | Fazio, F.; Assenza, A.; Piccione, G.; Caola, G. | ||||
| Title | Periodic Monitoring of Some Physiological Parameters during Training in the Athletic Horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Veterinary Research Communications | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 27 | Issue | Pages | 595-598 | |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4384 | ||
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| Author | Wilson, R.T. | ||||
| Title | Biodiversity of Domestic Livestock in the Republic of Yemen | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Tropical Animal Health and Production | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 35 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 27-46 |
| Keywords | Abstract This paper describes the domestic livestock of the Republic of Yemen and aspires to complement earlier sources listing or partially describing `breeds'. It attempts to cover all species and provide indications of production parameters through a literature review and via field observations made by the author in 1999. Information is provided on livestock numbers and the economic importance of animal production. Most animals are kept in sedentary mixed crop-livestock production systems; transhumant systems have the next greatest number of stock; with nomadic systems being of least and declining importance. Yemen's livestock appear to comprise at least 11 breeds of sheep, 5 breeds of goat, 2 breeds of cattle, 4 breeds of camel, 2 breeds of donkey and 1 breed of horse. There are no data on breeds of poultry but domestic fowl (where clearly considerable diversity exists) and pigeons are kept. There is little formal information on the history and relationships of most breeds. Some appear to be of ancient local origin, whereas others show affinities with those of neighbouring and other countries. None of the identified types is considered endangered, so conservation would be premature. A more formal and detailed genetic characterization, to add to the largely morphological and traditional classification, may, however, reveal such a need. | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract This paper describes the domestic livestock of the Republic of Yemen and aspires to complement earlier sources listing or partially describing `breeds'. It attempts to cover all species and provide indications of production parameters through a literature review and via field observations made by the author in 1999. Information is provided on livestock numbers and the economic importance of animal production. Most animals are kept in sedentary mixed crop-livestock production systems; transhumant systems have the next greatest number of stock; with nomadic systems being of least and declining importance. Yemen's livestock appear to comprise at least 11 breeds of sheep, 5 breeds of goat, 2 breeds of cattle, 4 breeds of camel, 2 breeds of donkey and 1 breed of horse. There are no data on breeds of poultry but domestic fowl (where clearly considerable diversity exists) and pigeons are kept. There is little formal information on the history and relationships of most breeds. Some appear to be of ancient local origin, whereas others show affinities with those of neighbouring and other countries. None of the identified types is considered endangered, so conservation would be premature. A more formal and detailed genetic characterization, to add to the largely morphological and traditional classification, may, however, reveal such a need. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4389 | ||
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| Author | Fazio, E.; Ferlazzo, A. | ||||
| Title | Evaluation of Stress During Transport | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Veterinary Research Communications | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 27 | Issue | Pages | 519-524 | |
| Keywords | hormones – physiological variables – stress – transport procedures | ||||
| Abstract | Domestic animals are transported for a variety of reasons including breeding, biomedical purposes, slaughter and, in the case of sporting horses, for competitions, pleasure activities or ceremonial proceedings. Studies to determine the amount of stress on farm animals during transport often have highly variable results and are difficult to interpret. The reaction of animals to stressors depends on the duration and intensity of the stressors, the animal's previous experience, its physiological status and the immediate environmental restraints. Behavioural, haematological, haematochemical, physiological and neuro-hormonal (ß-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, iodothyronines) variables are discussed on the basis of handling, loading and transport procedures of animals. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4391 | ||
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| Author | Hedman, J. | ||||
| Title | Heart rate response towards fear-eliciting stimuli in horses | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Sveriges lantbruksuniversitetSveriges lantbruksuniversitet Veterinärprogrammet | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 2004 | Issue | 40 | Pages | |
| Keywords | horse, fear, heart-rate, novel stimuli | ||||
| Abstract | Finding the right horse for each rider is a difficult task as it is just as important that the temperament of the horse fits the rider as it is that the horse is of the right size. Even though it is a commonly experienced problem, no objective method of easily measuring the horse“s temperament has yet been developed. If it is possible to test horses and get an objective measure of how reactive (emotional) they are, it could be a big help in finding the right horse for each rider. It would be desirable to have a way of testing the horse”s reaction in an unfamiliar (and potentially frightening) situation. In practice this test should be just as easy as it is getting a judgement of its conformation and gaits. The aim of the present study was to measure individual variation in HR response to different novel objects in horses of the same age, breed and reared in the same environment. We wanted to see whether certain horses (i.e. more emotional horses) react more to novel stimuli, in general, than other horses (i.e. less emotional), irrespective of the type of stimulus. We also wanted to see if different novel stimuli elicited different responses within individuals. The hypothesis was that individuals will react in a similar way to various stimuli. Twenty four Danish warmblood horses were included in this study. All horses were 2 year-old stallions, reared under similar environmental conditions. They had received a minimum of handling prior to the experimental period. Three different stimuli were used. They were chosen because they were novel to the horses and would elicit measurable fear-reactions in all horses, but not so much that the horses did not approach the feed within the duration of the test. The visual stimulus consisted of a 1meter high orange traffic cone with reflex stripes, placed 1 m in front of the tub, the olfactory stimulus was eucalyptus oil and the auditory stimulus was a radio tuned to white noise. The control was an empty arena. The result was that only the HR response to the auditory and visual stimuli differed significantly from the control days. The olfactory stimulus did not seem to alarm the horses the way the other stimuli did. We found a tendency towards a correlation in reaction between the olfactory and auditory stimuli and between the auditory and visual stimuli within individuals. These results indicate that horses do not generalize completely in their reaction between different stimuli. |
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Bachelor's thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Dept. of Animal Environment and Health, SLU. Examensarbete / Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Veterinä | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1650-7045 | ISBN |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4652 | ||
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| Author | Adolphs, R. | ||||
| Title | Cognitive neuroscience of human social behaviour | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Nature Reviews. Neuroscience | Abbreviated Journal | Nat Rev Neurosci |
| Volume | 4 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 165-178 |
| Keywords | Cognition; Emotions; Humans; Models, Psychological; *Social Behavior | ||||
| Abstract | We are an intensely social species--it has been argued that our social nature defines what makes us human, what makes us conscious or what gave us our large brains. As a new field, the social brain sciences are probing the neural underpinnings of social behaviour and have produced a banquet of data that are both tantalizing and deeply puzzling. We are finding new links between emotion and reason, between action and perception, and between representations of other people and ourselves. No less important are the links that are also being established across disciplines to understand social behaviour, as neuroscientists, social psychologists, anthropologists, ethologists and philosophers forge new collaborations. | ||||
| Address | Deparment of Neurology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA. ralph-adolphs@uiowa.edu | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1471-003X | ISBN |
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| Notes | PMID:12612630 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4706 | ||
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| Author | Herbert Gintis; Samuel Bowles; Robert Boyd; Ernst Fehr | ||||
| Title | Explaining altruistic behavior in humans | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Evolution and Human Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 153-172 |
| Keywords | Altruism; Reciprocity; Experimental games; Evolution of cooperation | ||||
| Abstract | Recent experimental research has revealed forms of human behavior involving interaction among unrelated individuals that have proven difficult to explain in terms of kin or reciprocal altruism. One such trait, strong reciprocity is a predisposition to cooperate with others and to punish those who violate the norms of cooperation, at personal cost, even when it is implausible to expect that these costs will be repaid. We present evidence supporting strong reciprocity as a schema for predicting and understanding altruism in humans. We show that under conditions plausibly characteristic of the early stages of human evolution, a small number of strong reciprocators could invade a population of self-regarding types, and strong reciprocity is an evolutionary stable strategy. Although most of the evidence we report is based on behavioral experiments, the same behaviors are regularly described in everyday life, for example, in wage setting by firms, tax compliance, and cooperation in the protection of local environmental public goods. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1090-5138 | ISBN |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ S1090-5138(02)00157-5 | Serial | 4943 | ||
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| Author | Povinelli, D.J.; Vonk, J. | ||||
| Title | Chimpanzee minds: suspiciously human? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 157-160 |
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| Abstract | Chimpanzees undoubtedly form concepts related to the statistical regularities in behavior. But do they also construe such abstractions in terms of mental states – that is, do they possess a [`]theory of mind'? Although both anecdotal and experimental data have been marshaled to support this idea, we show that no explanatory power or economy of expression is gained by such an assumption. We suggest that additional experiments will be unhelpful as long as they continue to rely upon determining whether subjects interpret behavioral invariances in terms of mental states. We propose a paradigm shift to overcome this limitation. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4959 | ||
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| Author | Miklósi, Á.; Kubinyi, E.; Topál, J.; Gácsi, M.; Virányi, Z.; Csányi, V. | ||||
| Title | A Simple Reason for a Big Difference: Wolves Do Not Look Back at Humans, but Dogs Do | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Current Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 763-766 |
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| Abstract | The present investigations were undertaken to compare interspecific communicative abilities of dogs and wolves, which were socialized to humans at comparable levels. The first study demonstrated that socialized wolves were able to locate the place of hidden food indicated by the touching and, to some extent, pointing cues provided by the familiar human experimenter, but their performance remained inferior to that of dogs. In the second study, we have found that, after undergoing training to solve a simple manipulation task, dogs that are faced with an insoluble version of the same problem look/gaze at the human, while socialized wolves do not. Based on these observations, we suggest that the key difference between dog and wolf behavior is the dogs' ability to look at the human's face. Since looking behavior has an important function in initializing and maintaining communicative interaction in human communication systems, we suppose that by positive feedback processes (both evolutionary and ontogenetically) the readiness of dogs to look at the human face has lead to complex forms of dog-human communication that cannot be achieved in wolves even after extended socialization. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0960-9822 | ISBN |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4966 | ||
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