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Author  |
Schaefer, M.L.; Young, D.A.; Restrepo, D. | ||||
| Title | Olfactory Fingerprints for Major Histocompatibility Complex-Determined Body Odors | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | J. Neurosci. | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 2481-2487 |
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| Abstract | Recognition of individual body odors is analogous to human face recognition in that it provides information about identity. Individual body odors determined by differences at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC or H-2) have been shown to influence mate choice, pregnancy block, and maternal behavior in mice. Unfortunately, the mechanism and extent of the main olfactory bulb (MOB) and accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) involvement in the discrimination of animals according to H-2-type has remained ambiguous. Here we study the neuronal activation patterns evoked in the MOB in different individuals on exposure to these complex, biologically meaningful sensory stimuli. We demonstrate that body odors from H-2 disparate mice evoke overlapping but distinct maps of neuronal activation in the MOB. The spatial patterns of odor-evoked activity are sufficient to be used like fingerprints to predict H-2 identity using a novel computer algorithm. These results provide functional evidence for discrimination of H-2-determined body odors in the MOB, but do not preclude a role for the AOB. These data further our understanding of the neural strategies used to decode socially relevant odors. N1 - | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4419 | ||
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| Author |
Schwartz, B.L.; Evans, S. | ||||
| Title | Episodic memory in primates | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | American journal of primatology | Abbreviated Journal | Am. J. Primatol. |
| Volume | 55 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 71-85 |
| Keywords | Animals; Behavior, Animal; *Discrimination Learning; Hominidae/*psychology; Humans; *Memory; Self Concept | ||||
| Abstract | Episodic memory refers to a system of memory with the capacity to recollect specific events from an individual's life. Some psychologists have suggested that episodic memory is a uniquely human phenomenon. We challenge that idea and present evidence that great apes and other primates may possess episodic-like memory. We review criteria developed to assess episodic-like memory in nonhumans, and how they apply to primates. In particular, we discuss the criteria of Clayton et al. [2001], who stated that episodic-like memory is based on the retrieval of multiple and integrated components of an event. We then review eight studies examining memory in great apes and apply the Clayton et al. criteria to each of them. We summarize the evidence that is compatible with the existence of episodic-like memory, although none of the data completely satisfy the Clayton et al. criteria. Morover, feelings of pastness and feelings of confidence, which mark episodic memory in humans, have not been empirically addressed in nonhuman primates. Future studies should be directed at these aspects of memory in primates. We speculate on the functional significance of episodic memory in nonhuman primates. | ||||
| Address | Dept of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA. SchwartB@fiu.edu | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0275-2565 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:11668526 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4115 | ||
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| Author |
Sebastiani, F.; Meiswinkel, R.; Gomulski, L.M.; Guglielmino, C.R.; Mellor, P.S.; Malacrida, A.R.; Gasperi, G. | ||||
| Title | Molecular differentiation of the Old World Culicoides imicola species complex (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae), inferred using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Molecular Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Mol Ecol |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 1773-1786 |
| Keywords | Africa; Animals; Ceratopogonidae/*classification/*genetics; Ecology; Evolution, Molecular; Female; *Genetic Markers; Madagascar; Phylogeny; *Polymorphism, Genetic; *Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; Variation (Genetics) | ||||
| Abstract | Samples of seven of the 10 morphological species of midges of the Culicoides imicola complex were considered. The importance of this species complex is connected to its vectorial capacity for African horse sickness virus (AHSV) and bluetongue virus (BTV). Consequently, the risk of transmission may vary dramatically, depending upon the particular cryptic species present in a given area. The species complex is confined to the Old World and our samples were collected in Southern Africa, Madagascar and the Ivory Coast. Genomic DNA of 350 randomly sampled individual midges from 19 populations was amplified using four 20-mer primers by the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. One hundred and ninety-six interpretable polymorphic bands were obtained. Species-specific RAPD profiles were defined and for five species diagnostic RAPD fragments were identified. A high degree of polymorphism was detected in the species complex, most of which was observed within populations (from 64 to 76%). Principal coordinate analysis (PCO) and cluster analysis provided an estimate of the degree of variation between and within populations and species. There was substantial concordance between the taxonomies derived from morphological and molecular data. The amount and the different distributions of genetic (RAPD) variation among the taxa can be associated to their life histories, i.e. the abundance and distribution of the larval breeding sites and their seasonality. | ||||
| Address | Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Zoology, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 9, I-27100 Pavia, Italy | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0962-1083 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:11472544 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2647 | ||
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| Author |
Seferta, A.; Guay, P.-J.; Marzinotto, E.; Lefebvre, L. | ||||
| Title | Learning Differences between Feral Pigeons and Zenaida Doves: The Role of Neophobia and Human Proximity | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | Ethology |
| Volume | 107 | Issue | Pages | 281-293 | |
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| Abstract | Learning differences predicted from ecological variables can be confounded with differences in wariness of novel stimuli (neophobia). Previous work on feral pigeons (Columba livia), as well as on group-feeding and territorial zenaida doves (Zenaida aurita), reported individual and social learning differences predicted from social foraging mode. In the present study, we show that speed of learning a foraging task covaries with neophobia and latency to feed from a familiar dish in the three types of columbids. Pigeons were much faster than either territorial or group-feeding zenaida doves on all tests conducted in captivity, but showed unexpectedly strong neophobia in some urban flocks during field tests. Human proximity strongly affected performance in group-feeding doves both in the field and in captivity. They were slightly faster at learning than their territorial conspecifics in cage tests. In multiple regressions, species identity, but not social foraging mode, significantly predicted individual variation in learning, as did individual variation in neophobia. Wariness of novel stimuli and species differences associated with artificial selection appear to be more important than foraging mode and wariness of humans in accounting for learning differences between these columbids. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2184 | ||
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| Author |
Seralini G.-E.; Moslemi S. | ||||
| Title | Aromatase inhibitors: past, present and future | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 178 | Issue | Pages | 117-131 | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 2014 | ||
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| Author |
Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L. | ||||
| Title | Cognitive strategies and the representation of social relations by monkeys | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation | Abbreviated Journal | Nebr Symp Motiv |
| Volume | 47 | Issue | Pages | 145-177 | |
| Keywords | Adaptation, Biological; Animals; *Evolution; Family; Female; Haplorhini; Male; Memory; Primates; *Selection (Genetics); *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; *Social Perception | ||||
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| Address | University of Pennsylvania, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0146-7875 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:11759347 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 345 | ||
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| Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. | ||||
| Title | Animal cognition and animal behaviour | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Animal Behaviour. | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
| Volume | 61 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 277-286 |
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| Abstract | Cognitive processes such as perception, learning, memory and decision making play an important role in mate choice, foraging and many other behaviours. In this review, I summarize a few key ideas about animal cognition developed in a recent book (Shettleworth 1998, Cognition, Evolution and Behaviour) and briefly review some areas in which interdisciplinary research on animal cognition is currently proving especially productive. Cognition, broadly defined, includes all ways in which animals take in information through the senses, process, retain and decide to act on it. Studying animal cognition does not entail any particular position on whether or to what degree animals are conscious. Neither does it entail rejecting behaviourism in that one of the greatest challenges in studing animal cognition is to formulate clear behavioural criteria for inferring specific mental processes. Tests of whether or not apparently goal-directed behaviour is controlled by a representation of its goal, episodic-like memory in birds, and deceptive behaviour in monkeys provide examples. Functional modelling has been integrated with analyses of cognitive mechanisms in a number of areas, including studies of communication, models of how predator learning and attention affect the evolution of conspicuous and cryptic prey, tests of the relationship betweeen ecological demands on spatial cognition and brain evolution, and in research on social learning. Rather than a `new field' of cognitive ecology, such interdisciplinary research on animal cognition exemplifies a revival of interest in proximate mechanisms of behaviour. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 397 | ||
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| Author |
Slater, P.; Rosenblatt, J.; Snowdon, C.; Roper, T. | ||||
| Title | ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR, 31 | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | 31 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | Description The aim of Advances in the Study of Behavior remains as it has been since the series began: to serve the increasing number of scientists who are engaged in the study of animal behavior by presenting their theoretical ideas and research to their colleagues and to those in neighboring fields. We hope that the series will continue its “contribution to the development of the field”, as its intended role was phrased in the Preface to the first volume in 1965. Since that time, traditional areas of animal behavior have achieved new vigor by the links they have formed with related fields and by the closer relationship that now exists between those studying animal and human subjects. Advances in the Study of Behavior, Volume 31 continues to serve scientists across a wide spectrum of disciplines. Focusing on new theories and research developments with respect to behavioral ecology, evolutionary biology, and comparative psychology, these volumes foster cooperation and communications in these dense fields. Audience Experimental psychologists studying animal behavior, comparative psychologists, ethologists, evolutionary biologists, and ichthyologists. Contents Contributors. Preface.M.L. East and H. Hofer, Conflict and Co-operation in a Female Dominated Society: A Re-assessment of the “Hyper-aggressive” Image of Spotted Hyenas.C. ten Cate, H. Slabbekoorn, and M.R. Ballintijn, Bird Song and Male-male Competition: Causes and Consequences of Vocal Variability in the Collared Dove (Streptopelia Decaocto).R.W. Byrne, Imitation of Novel Complex Actions: What Does the Evidence from Animals Mean?L.J. Rogers, Lateralization in Vertebrates: Its Early Evolution, General Pattern and Development.S.H. Hulse, Auditory Scene Analysis in Animal Communication.P.K. Stoddard, Electric Signals: Predation, Sex, and Environmental Constraints.T. Aubin and P. Jouventin, How to Vocally Identify Kin in a Crowd: The Penguin Model. Index. Contents of Previous Volumes. |
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| Publisher | ACADEMIC PRESS | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-0-12-004531-0 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4736 | ||
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| Author |
Slotnick, B. | ||||
| Title | Animal cognition and the rat olfactory system | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Trends Cogn Sci | |
| Volume | 5 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 216-222 |
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| Abstract | Is smell a 'primitive' sense used primarily to guide biologically basic behaviors or might it be the sensory modality that allows some species to express complex learning and other forms of cognitive behavior? Historically, the olfactory system has been considered primitive and it is not surprising that, until recently, cognitive neuroscientists have ignored odor-guided behavior. However, we now know that the olfactory system has projections to the prefrontal cortex, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, and that these connections support the acquisition of simple and higher-order instrumental tasks, as well as a robust memory for odors. It appears that animals with a well-developed sense of smell have the neural machinery to think with their noses. | ||||
| Address | Dept of Psychology, American University, 20016, Washington, DC, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:11323267 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2854 | ||
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| Author |
Snowdon, C.T. | ||||
| Title | Social processes in communication and cognition in callitrichid monkeys: a review | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 4 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 247-257 |
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| Abstract | Studies of vocal development in nonhuman primates have found little evidence for plasticity in vocal production, somewhat more for usage of calls, with the greatest plasticity arising in response to calls of others. Generally, similar results were obtained with callitrichid monkeys, the marmosets and tamarins, but with several interesting exceptions. Infant pygmy marmosets show babbling behavior with improvement in adult call structure related to the amount and diversity of babbling. Adult marmosets alter call structure in response to changes in social partners, and wild marmosets have vocal dialects and modify call structure according to how far they are from other group members, suggesting the potential to modify call structure in different social and environmental contexts, though direct learning of novel vocalizations has not been observed. Infant cotton-top tamarins do not produce adult-like calls in appropriate contexts, at least in the first few months of life, but through food sharing from adults infants learn about appropriate foods and the appropriate contexts for food vocalizations. Tamarins modify call structure and usage with changes in social status. Tamarins, unlike other monkeys tested, can learn to avoid noxious foods through observation of other group members, and can learn about novel food locations. Recent studies provide evidence of contextual imitation in marmosets. The plasticity in vocal communication and evidence of social learning in marmosets and tamarins relative to other monkeys may be related to the cooperative breeding system of marmosets and tamarins. With a high degree of behavioral coordination among group members, there is a priority on monitoring signals and behavior of others and adjusting one's own signals and behavior. This creates the context for vocal plasticity and social learning. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3090 | ||
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