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| Author | Mercado E.; Killebrew D.A.; Pack A.A.; Macha I.V.B.; Herman L.M. | ||||
| Title | Generalization of 'same-different' classification abilities in bottlenosed dolphins | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 50 | Issue | Pages | 79-94 | |
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| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 3479 | ||
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| Author | Byrne R.W. | ||||
| Title | - Animal Cognition in Nature, edited by Russell P. Balda, Irene M. Pepperberg and Alan C. Kamil | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
| Volume | 4 | Issue | Pages | 73-73 | |
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| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 3480 | ||
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| Author | McKinley, J.; Sambrook, T.D. | ||||
| Title | Use of human-given cues by domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and horses (Equus caballus) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 3 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 13-22 |
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| Abstract | Sixteen domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and four horses (Equus caballus) were tested for their ability to use human-given manual and facial cues in an object-choice task. Two of the four horses used touch as a cue and one horse successfully used pointing. The performance of the dogs was considerably better, with 12 subjects able to use pointing as a cue, 4 able to use head orientation and 2 able to use eye gaze alone. Group analysis showed that the dogs performed significantly better in all experimental conditions than during control trials. Dogs were able to use pointing cues even when the cuer's body was closer to the incorrect object. Working gundogs with specialised training used pointing more successfully than pet dogs and gundog breeds performed better than non-gundog breeds. The results of this experiment suggest that animals' use of human given communicative signals depends on cognitive ability, the evolutionary consequences of domestication and enculturation by humans within the individual's lifetime. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3555 | ||
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| Author | Miyashita, Y.; Nakajima, S.; Imada, H. | ||||
| Title | Differential outcome effect in the horse. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Anal Behav |
| Volume | 74 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 245-253. |
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| Abstract | hree horses were trained with a discrimination task in which the color (blue or yellow) of a center panel signaled the correct (left or right) response (lever press). Reinforcing outcomes for the two correct color-position combinations (blue-left and yellow-right) were varied across phases. Discrimination performance was better when the combinations were differentially reinforced by two types of food (chopped carrot pieces and a solid food pellet) than when the combinations were randomly reinforced by these outcomes or when there was a common reinforcer for each of the correct combinations. However, the discrimination performance established by the differential outcome procedure was still 80% to 90% correct, and an analysis of two-trial sequences revealed that the stimulus color of the preceding trial interfered with discrimination performance on a given trial. Our demonstration of the differential outcome effect in the horse and its further analysis might contribute to more efficient control of equine behavior in the laboratory as well as in horse sports. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3579 | ||
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| Author | Bailey, A.; Williams, N.; Palmer, M.; Geering, R. | ||||
| Title | The farmer as service provider: the demand for agricultural commodities and equine services | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Agricultural Systems | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 66 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 191-204 |
| Keywords | Income and price elasticity of demand; Farm diversification; Horses | ||||
| Abstract | In recent years there has been much interest in alternative sources of income for farmers. This is because economic theory suggests that demand for agricultural commodities is inelastic so that, as incomes in society as a whole increase, those of farmers do not necessarily keep pace — hence the current problems with falling real farm incomes. In contrast the demand for services is relatively elastic. Thus it is logical to divert agricultural resources into service provision. One such service is provided by equine enterprises. We have estimated the own price and income elasticities of demand for selected agricultural commodities and for ‘equine services’. Our results confirm that demand for equine services is more elastic than for agricultural commodities. Thus diversification into horse enterprises is likely to have long term benefits for farmers vis á vis traditional agricultural production. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0308-521x | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5713 | ||
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| Author | Müller, A. E.; Thalmann, U. | ||||
| Title | Origin and evolution of primate social organisation: a reconstruction | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Biological Reviews | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 75 | Issue | Pages | 405-435 | |
| Keywords | social organisation; evolution; ancestral primate; strepsirhines; nocturnal prosimians; lemurs; lorisiforms; dispersed multi-male system; promiscuity. | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract The evolution and origin of primate social organisation has attracted the attention of many researchers, and a solitary pattern, believed to be present in most nocturnal prosimians, has been generally considered as the most primitive system. Nocturnal prosimians are in fact mostly seen alone during their nightly activities and therefore termed “solitary foragers”, but that does not mean that they are not social. Moreover, designating their social organisation as “solitary”, implies that their way of life is uniform in all species. It has, however, emerged over the last decades that all of them exhibit not only some kind of social network but also that those networks differ among species. There is a need to classify these social networks in the same manner as with group-living (gregarious) animals if we wish to link up the different forms of primate social organisation with ecological, morphological or phylogenetic variables. In this review, we establish a basic classification based on spatial relations and sociality in order to describe and cope properly with the social organisation patterns of the different species of nocturnal prosimians and other mammals that do not forage in cohesive groups. In attempting to trace the ancestral pattern of primate social organisation, the Malagasy mouse and dwarf lemurs and the Afro-Asian bushbabies and lorises are of special interest because they are thought to approach the ancestral conditions most closely. These species have generally been believed to exhibit a dispersed harem system as their pattern of social organisation (“dispersed” means that individuals forage solitarily but exhibit a social network). Therefore, the ancestral pattern of primate social organisation was inferred to be a dispersed harem. In fact, new field data on cheirogaleids combined with a review of patterns of social organisation in strepsirhines (lemurs, bushbabies and lorises) revealed that they exhibit either dispersed multi-male systems or dispersed monogamy rather than a dispersed harem system. Therefore, the concept of a dispersed harem system as the ancestral condition of primate social organisation can no longer be supported. In combination with data on social organisation patterns in “primitive” placentals and marsupials, and in monotremes, it is in fact most probable that promiscuity is the ancestral pattern for mammalian social organisation. Subsequently, a dispersed multi-male system derived from promiscuity should be regarded as the ancestral condition for primates. We further suggest that the gregarious patterns of social organisation in Aotus and Avahi, and the dispersed form in Tarsius evolved from the gregarious patterns of diurnal primates rather than from the dispersed nocturnal type. It is consequently proposed that, in addition to Aotus and Tarsius, Avahi is also secondarily nocturnal. |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4257 | ||
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| Author | Dyer, F. C. | ||||
| Title | Individual cognition and group movement: insights from social insects. | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Group Movement in Social Primates and Other Animals: Patterns, Processes, and Cognitive Implications. | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Publisher | University of Chicago Press | Place of Publication | Chicago | Editor | Garber, P.;Boinski, S. |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4425 | ||
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| Author | Connor, R.C.; Wells, R.S.; Mann, J.; Read,A.J. | ||||
| Title | The bottlenose dolphin: Social relationships in a fission-fusion society. | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Cetacean Societies: Field Studies of Dolphins and Whales. | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 91-126 | ||
| Keywords | cetacean social behavior, male alliance formation, most cetacean species, platanistid river dolphins, cetacean sociality, strategies and social bonds, female cetaceans, many cetologists, most mysticetes, sperm whale calves, passive fishing nets, variant whistles, historical whaling records, cetacean systematics, stable matrilineal groups, peak calving season, suction cup tags, mutualistic groups, cetacean vocalizations, focal animal studies, larger odontocetes, predictive signaling, individual cetaceans, sperm whale clicks, resident killer whales | ||||
| Abstract | Book Description “Part review, part testament to extraordinary dedication, and part call to get involved, Cetacean Societies highlights the achievements of behavioral ecologists inspired by the challenges of cetaceans and committed to the exploration of a new world.”-from the preface by Richard Wrangham Long-lived, slow to reproduce, and often hidden beneath the water's surface, whales and dolphins (cetaceans) have remained elusive subjects for scientific study even though they have fascinated humans for centuries. Until recently, much of what we knew about cetaceans came from commercial sources such as whalers and trainers for dolphin acts. Innovative research methods and persistent efforts, however, have begun to penetrate the depths to reveal tantalizing glimpses of the lives of these mammals in their natural habitats. Cetacean Societies presents the first comprehensive synthesis and review of these new studies. Groups of chapters focus on the history of cetacean behavioral research and methodology; state-of-the-art reviews of information on four of the most-studied species: bottlenose dolphins, killer whales, sperm whales, and humpback whales; and summaries of major topics, including group living, male and female reproductive strategies, communication, and conservation drawn from comparative research on a wide range of species. Written by some of the world's leading cetacean scientists, this landmark volume will benefit not just students of cetology but also researchers in other areas of behavioral and conservation ecology as well as anyone with a serious interest in the world of whales and dolphins. Contributors are Robin Baird, Phillip Clapham, Jenny Christal, Richard Connor, Janet Mann, Andrew Read, Randall Reeves, Amy Samuels, Peter Tyack, Linda Weilgart, Hal Whitehead, Randall S. Wells, and Richard Wrangham. |
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| Publisher | University of Chicago Press | Place of Publication | Chicago | Editor | Mann, J.;Connor, R.C.; Tyack, P.L.;Whitehead, H. |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-0226503417 | Medium | ||
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Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4427 | ||
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| Author | Lyn, H.; Savage-Rumbaugh, E.S. | ||||
| Title | Observational word learning in two bonobos (Pan paniscus): ostensive and non-ostensive contexts | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Language & Communication | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 20 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 255-273 |
| Keywords | Language acquisition; Bonobo; Fast mapping | ||||
| Abstract | Word learning has been extensively studied in humans. Children seem to be able to map new words onto objects with only one exposure to the referent. This ability has been called “fast mapping”(Carey, 1978 and Carey). Using a modified human paradigm, this paper explores two language-competent bonobos' (Pan paniscus) abilities to map new words to objects in realistic surroundings with few exposures to the referents. This paper also investigates the necessity of the apes maintaining visual contact (ostensive context) with the item to map the novel name onto the novel object. The bonobos tested in this experiment were able to map new words onto objects and could do so without visual contact with the items. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4675 | ||
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| Author | Wilson O. E., | ||||
| Title | Sociobiology: The new Synthesis | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | 25th edition | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Publisher | Belknap Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge | Editor | |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ WilsonO.E.1929 | Serial | 4731 | ||
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