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Author Vallortigara G.; Regolin L.; Pagni P. doi  openurl
  Title Detour behaviour, imprinting and visual lateralization in the domestic chick Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Cognitive Brain Research Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7 Issue Pages 307-320  
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  Notes Approved (up) no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 3461  
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Author Thomas R. Zentall doi  openurl
  Title Animal Cognition: The Bridge BetweenAnimal Learning and Human Cognition Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Psychological Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 10 Issue Pages 206-208  
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  Notes Approved (up) no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 3481  
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Author Mullin, M.H. url  openurl
  Title MIRRORS AND WINDOWS: Sociocultural Studies of Human-Animal Relationships Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Annual Review of Anthropology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 201-224  
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  Abstract Humans' relationships with animals, increasingly the subject of controversy, have long been of interest to those whose primary aim has been the better understanding of humans' relationships with other humans. Since this topic was last reviewed here, human-animal relationships have undergone considerable reexamination, reflecting key trends in the history of social analysis, including concerns with connections between anthropology and colonialism and with the construction of race, class, and gender identities. There have been many attempts to integrate structuralist or symbolic approaches with those focused on environmental, political, and economic dimensions. Human-animal relationships are now much more likely to be considered in dynamic terms, and consequently, there has been much interdisciplinary exchange between anthropologists and historians. Some research directly engages moral and political concerns about animals, but it is likely that sociocultural research on human-animal relationships will continue to be as much, if not more, about humans.  
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  Notes Approved (up) no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 3534  
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Author Hanggi, E.B. doi  openurl
  Title Interocular transfer of learning In horses (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal J Equine Vet Sci  
  Volume 19 Issue 8 Pages 518-524  
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  Notes Approved (up) no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3564  
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Author Lejeune, H.; Macar, F.; Zakay, D. url  openurl
  Title Attention and timing: dual-task performance in pigeons Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Behavioural Processes Abbreviated Journal Behav. Process.  
  Volume 45 Issue 1-3 Pages 141-157  
  Keywords Timing; Dual task; Attention; Pigeons  
  Abstract Pigeons were exposed to an analog of a `dual-task' procedure used to test attentional models of timing in humans. After separate training on an auditory duration discrimination and on a variable ratio (VR) schedule, VR episodes lasting for 5 s were superimposed on the stimuli to be timed, either early (E) or late (L) during the trial. Trials with VR yielded underestimation of the target durations (increased % of `short' choices), relative to trials without VR, and this effect was stronger under the L than under the E condition. Data were similar to those collected with humans and support attentional models of timing according to which the simultaneous non-timing task uses processing resources which are diverted from the timing mechanisms.  
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  Notes Approved (up) no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3582  
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Author DUNN, L.J. url  openurl
  Title PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF EQUINE LEARNING AND MEMORY Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Abstract ABSTRACT

Six horses demonstrated observation and discrimination learning and memory ability. The purpose of this study was to gain further knowledge in the area of equine learning. Performance on each task was compared in a single subject design. Subjects learned to discriminate between a black and a white bucket. The criterion for learning was set at 80% correct black bucket choice. All subjects successfully performed the discrimination task by the eighth session. Observation learning was unsuccessful; no subject reached the 80% correct criterion. Five horses were tested for memory retention of the discrimination task three weeks after the initial learning. All subjects performed the discrimination by the second session of two. These data support existing results from similar learning and memory tasks.
 
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  Publisher DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY Place of Publication MISSOURI WESTERN STATE COLLEGE Editor  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3621  
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Author Rogers, C.W.; Davies, A.S.; Pfeiffer, D.U.; Davie, P.S. openurl 
  Title Linear and temporal stride characteristics of 3-day event horses at a CCI*** 3-day event horse inspection Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication New Zealand Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal N Z Vet J  
  Volume 47 Issue 6 Pages 193-197  
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  Abstract AIMS: To quantify the linear and temporal characteristics of the trot of 3-day event horses during the preliminary horse inspection of an advanced grade CCI* 3-day event. METHODS: A cross sectional study was made of the kinematics of 24 3-day-event horses during the first horse inspection at a CCI* level S-day event. Video footage was digitised and linear and temporal measurements were made. RESULTS: The horses trotted for an average of 10.44+/-1.55 strides. Spatial measurements were made on an average of 5.66+/-0.92 consecutive strides when the horses were within the calibration zone. The horses increased and then obtained a constant velocity within the calibration zone. Trotting on the asphalt track did not alter the relationships between stride length, stride duration and velocity when compared with previously published values. Horse-specific differences in stance and retraction percentages were identified. CONCLUSION: Horse specific differences were identified that may contribute to each horse's unique gait or kinematic fingerprint. It is proposed that the initiation of, and completion of, stance by the hind limb first may represent engagement of the hind quarters and be a response to dressage training.  
  Address Equine Research, New Zealand  
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  ISSN 0048-0169 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:16032102 Approved (up) no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3714  
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Author Odberg, F.O.; Bouissou, M.F. openurl 
  Title The development of equestrianism from the baroque period to the present day and its consequences for the welfare of horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J Suppl  
  Volume Issue 28 Pages 26-30  
  Keywords Animal Husbandry/*history/standards; Animal Welfare/*history; Animals; Bonding, Human-Pet; History, 15th Century; History, 16th Century; History, 17th Century; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; *Horses; Humans; Stress/etiology/history/veterinary  
  Abstract Many saddle horses are slaughtered at a young age which could be indicative of a welfare problem. Bad riding is probably an underestimated source of poor welfare. Widespread knowledge of 'academic' riding should be encouraged and should be beneficial to all horses, at all schooling levels, for all purposes. In particular, 18th century principles tend to be forgotten and in this article the authors illustrate some differences to modern dressage. Various suggestions are made in order to improve welfare.  
  Address University of Ghent, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Heidestraat 19, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium  
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  Notes PMID:11314231 Approved (up) no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3729  
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Author Clayton, H.M.; Lanovaz, J.L.; Schamhardt, H.C.; van Wessum, R. openurl 
  Title The effects of a rider's mass on ground reaction forces and fetlock kinematics at the trot Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J Suppl  
  Volume 30 Issue Pages 218-221  
  Keywords Animals; Body Weight; Computer Simulation; Gait/*physiology; Horses/*physiology; Physical Conditioning, Animal/*physiology; Stress, Mechanical; Weight-Bearing/*physiology  
  Abstract Ground reaction force (GRF) measurements are often normalised to body mass to facilitate inter-individual comparisons. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of a rider on the GRFs and fetlock joint kinematics of trotting horses. The subjects were 5 dressage-trained horses and 3 experienced dressage riders. Ground reaction force measurements and sagittal view videotapes were recorded as the horses trotted at the same velocity in hand (3.49 +/- 0.52 m/s) and with a rider (3.49 +/- 0.46 m/s). Data were time-normalised to stance duration. Ground reaction force measurements were expressed in absolute terms and normalised to the system mass (horse or horse plus rider). All the horses showed changes in the same direction when comparing the ridden condition with the in-hand condition. There was an increase in the absolute peak vertical GRFs of the fore- and hindlimbs with a rider. However, the mass-normalised peak vertical GRFs were lower for the ridden condition, with the peak occurring later in the forelimbs and earlier in the hindlimbs compared with the inhand condition. Maximal fetlock angle and its time of occurrence were similar for the 2 conditions, but the fore fetlock joint was more extended during the later part of the stance phase in ridden horses. The presence of a rider appeared to affect the GRFs and fetlock joint kinematics differently in the fore- and hindlimbs, and the ridden horse did not seem to be equivalent to a proportionately larger horse. This should be considered when normalising for body mass in studies comparing horses in hand and ridden horses.  
  Address Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1314, USA  
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  Notes PMID:10659255 Approved (up) no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3733  
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Author Grandin, T. openurl 
  Title Safe handling of large animals Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Occupational Medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) Abbreviated Journal Occup Med  
  Volume 14 Issue 2 Pages 195-212  
  Keywords Accidents, Occupational/*prevention & control/statistics & numerical data; Aggression/physiology/psychology; Animal Husbandry/*methods; Animals; *Behavior, Animal/physiology; Cattle; Conditioning, Operant/physiology; Crowding/psychology; Fear/physiology/psychology; Female; *Horses/physiology/psychology; Humans; Male; Movement/physiology; *Occupational Health; Risk Factors; *Ruminants/physiology/psychology  
  Abstract The major causes of accidents with cattle, horses, and other grazing animals are: panic due to fear, male dominance aggression, or the maternal aggression of a mother protecting her newborn. Danger is inherent when handling large animals. Understanding their behavior patterns improves safety, but working with animals will never be completely safe. Calm, quiet handling and non-slip flooring are beneficial. Rough handling and excessive use of electric prods increase chances of injury to both people and animals, because fearful animals may jump, kick, or rear. Training animals to voluntarily cooperate with veterinary procedures reduces stress and improves safety. Grazing animals have a herd instinct, and a lone, isolated animal can become agitated. Providing a companion animal helps keep an animal calm.  
  Address Department of Animal Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80526, USA  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0885-114X ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:10329901 Approved (up) no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3793  
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