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Author Harcourt, A. H. isbn  openurl
  Title Coalitions and alliances: are primates more complex than non-primates? Type Book Chapter
  Year 1992 Publication Coalitions and alliances in humans and other animals Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher Oxford University Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor Harcourt, A.H.; de Waal, F.B.M.  
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  ISSN ISBN 0-19-854273-9 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 5440  
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Author Whiten, A.; Ham, R. openurl 
  Title On the nature and evolution of imitation in the animal kingdom: reappraisal of a century of research. Type Journal Article
  Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal Adv. Study Behav.  
  Volume 21 Issue Pages 239-283  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 5599  
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Author Covalesky, M.E.; Russoniello, C.R.; Malinowski, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Effects of show-jumping performance stress on plasma cortisol and lactate concentrations and heart rate and behavior in horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1992 Publication Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 244-251  
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  Abstract Summary Effects of show jumping competition on stress levels in horses was examined. Twenty-six homes were sampled in both show and farm environments from three levels of show experience schooling, (least experience, n=11); intermediate, (moderate experience, n=6); open, (most experience, n=9). Blood samples were taken at 6 time points; 3 at the horse show and 3 at the home farm (baseline at rest, pre-schooling and post-performance over a jump course). Stress responses were assessed through comparison of the behavioral response of the horses (determined by a subjective scoring system) to plasma cortisol (F) concentrations. Physical exertion was evaluated by heart rate (HR) and plasma lactate (L) concentrations. Schooling jumpers displayed higher baseline F concentrations than open jumpers (83g±9.2 vs 46.4±10.2 ng/ml, respectively; p<.05); but not when compared to intermediate jumpers (66.2 ± 13.7 ng/ml; p>.05) at the horse show. At the farm, there were no differences in F concentrations between experience levels at a time point (p<.05). Least experienced horses displayed higher F values at rest at the show compared to the home farm. At the show, open jumpers had higher L concentrations post-exercise compared to intermediate horses (40.3±3.4 vs 25.5±4.0 mg/dL, respectively; p<.05); but were not different compared to schooling jumpers (34.8±2.0 mg/dL; p>.05). There were no differences in heart rates or behavior score between experience levels at specific time points at either the show or farm (p>.05). Low positive correlations were found between HR and F (r=.24, p<.05); HR and L (r-.48, p<.05); and HR and behavior (r=.22, p<.05). Results suggest that conditioned jumpers that have previously been exposed to horse show environments do not appear stressed during acute show-jumping competition.  
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  ISSN 0737-0806 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 5622  
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Author Clark, M.L.; Ayers, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Friendship similarity during early adolescence: gender and racial patterns Type Journal Article
  Year 1992 Publication The Journal of Psychology Abbreviated Journal J Psychol  
  Volume 126 Issue 4 Pages 393-405  
  Keywords Achievement; Adolescent; African Americans/*psychology; *Cross-Cultural Comparison; Female; *Gender Identity; Humans; Individuality; *Interpersonal Relations; Male; *Personality Development; Personality Inventory; Sociometric Techniques  
  Abstract We studied the relationship of reciprocity, gender, and racial composition (Caucasian, African American, cross-race) of adolescent friendship dyads to similarity and proximity in 136 young adolescents. We found that adolescents selected friends who were of the same gender and race and that female dyads were more similar than male dyads on verbal achievement and several personality dimensions. Caucasian dyads were more similar than African American dyads on verbal achievement, mental alertness, and dominance. African American adolescents had more contact with their best friends outside school, whereas Caucasian adolescent friends had more in-school contact. African American students had fewer reciprocal relationships than the Caucasian students. Cross-race friendships were less reciprocal than same-race friendships. Race and gender were important in determining friendship patterns. Similarity and proximity were more important than reciprocity in understanding early adolescent friendships.  
  Address Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-3980 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:1403972 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 5628  
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