| Records |
| Author |
Stahlbaum, C.C.; Houpt, K.A. |
| Title |
The role of the Flehmen response in the behavioral repertoire of the stallion |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Physiology & behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physiol. Behav. |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1207-1214 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Circadian Rhythm; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology; Estrus; Feces; Female; Horses/*physiology; Male; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Smell/*physiology; Taste/physiology; Urine |
| Abstract |
The role of the Flehmen response in equine behavior was investigated under field and laboratory conditions. In Experiment 1, a field study made of five stallions on pasture with between three and eighteen mares each during the season indicated the following: 1) The Flehmen response was most frequently preceded by nasal, rather than oral, investigation of substances; 2) The stallions' rate of Flehmen varied with the estrous cycles of the mares; 3) The rate of Flehmen response did not show a variation with time of day; and 4) The Flehmen response was most frequently followed by marking behaviors rather than courtship behaviors. The results suggest that the Flehmen response is not an immediate component of sexual behavior, e.g., courtship of the stallion but may be involved in the overall monitoring of the mare's estrous cycle. Therefore the Flehmen response may contribute to the chemosensory priming of the stallion for reproduction. In Experiment 2 stallions were presented with urine or feces of mares in various stages of the reproductive cycle as well as with their own or other males' urine or feces. The occurrence of sniffing and Flehmen was used to determine the discriminatory ability of the stallions. Stallions can differentiate the sex of a horse on the basis of its feces alone, but cannot differentiate on the basis of urine. This ability may explain the function of fecal marking behavior of stallions. |
| Address |
New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853 |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0031-9384 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
PMID:2813545 |
Approved  |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
44 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Houpt, K.A.; Thornton, S.N.; Allen, W.R. |
| Title |
Vasopressin in dehydrated and rehydrated ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Physiology & behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physiol. Behav. |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
659-661 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Dehydration/*blood; Drinking Behavior/*physiology; Female; Horses/*blood; Osmolar Concentration; Reaction Time; Time Factors; Vasopressins/*blood |
| Abstract |
Six pony mares deprived of water for 24 hours showed significant increases in plasma vasopressin (2.8 pg/ml) and osmolality (9 mosmol/kg). When water was made available the ponies drank rapidly (5 of 6 drank to satiety within 90 seconds) and corrected their fluid deficits precisely. Vasopressin did not return to predehydration levels until osmolality did after 15 minutes of access to water. The horse differs from rodents and humans, but is similar to pigs in that vasopressin levels do not fall before osmolality returns to normal. Oropharyngeal factors, therefore, may not be as important in vasopressin release in horses as in other species. |
| Address |
New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853-6401 |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0031-9384 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
PMID:2756059 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
45 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Trim, C.M.; Moore, J.N.; Clark, E.S. |
| Title |
Renal effects of dopamine infusion in conscious horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J Suppl |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
124-128 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology; Consciousness/*physiology; Creatinine/blood; Dopamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Infusions, Intravenous/veterinary; Kidney/blood supply/*drug effects/physiology; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium/blood; Random Allocation; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects/physiology; Renal Artery/drug effects/physiology/ultrasonography; Sodium/blood; Time Factors; Ultrasonography/methods/veterinary; Urination/physiology |
| Abstract |
An ultrasonic flow probe was implanted around a branch of the left renal artery in five horses. The effects of dopamine were studied in the unsedated horses 10 days after surgery. Three experiments, separated by at least two days, were performed in random order on each horse. In two experiments, dopamine was infused intravenously for 60 mins at either 2.5 and 5.0 micrograms/kg bodyweight (bwt)/min. Saline was infused for 60 mins before and after each infusion, and for 180 mins in the third experiment as a control. Renal blood flow increased during administration of dopamine at both dose rates (P = 0.0001). Urine volume increased (P = 0.055), and osmolality decreased (P < 0.05), with infusion of dopamine at 5.0 micrograms/kg bwt/min. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were not significantly affected. Fractional excretions of sodium and potassium were not significantly changed with dopamine infusion. The higher dopamine dose rate was accompanied by dysrhythmias in some horses. |
| Address |
Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
PMID:9118094 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
99 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Ellard, M.-E.; Crowell-Davis, S.L. |
| Title |
Evaluating equine dominance in draft mares |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
55-75 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
The social hierarchy of a herd of 12 draft mares was assessed using agonism in the field, paired-feeding tests and a group-feeding test. Results from the paired-feeding test correlated significantly, but imperfectly, with those from the field. Differential motivation among subjects for the feed and disruption of ambiguous relationships among mares reduced the reliability of the paired-feeding test as a measure of social dominance. Results from the group-feeding test did not correlate significantly with the field hierarchy and only a few mares ever ate from the bucket. Height, weight and age each correlated significantly with rank; a mare's tendency to remain alone did not. Total aggressive scores during the paired-feeding test correlated with rank. However, a high-ranking mare was no more aggressive to each of her subordinates than was a low-ranking mare. Rather, all mares aggressed more against individuals close in rank to themselves and with preferred field associates. In the field, mares associated most with other mares of similar rank. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
662 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
De Waal, Frans B. M.; Luttrell, L.M. |
| Title |
Toward a comparative socioecology of the genus Macaca: Different dominance styles in rhesus and stumptail monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
American journal of primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Primatol. |
| Volume |
19 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
83-109 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Captive studies can make a unique contribution to primate socioecology by documenting species-typical social dispositions under controlled conditions. Recent theories seek to connect the dominance relationships, group cohesiveness, and feeding ecology of primates. The present study explores the first two aspects by comparing the social organization of rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and stumptail monkeys (M. arctoides). Data were collected over a period of eight years, with five different methods, on three well-established captive groups in identical environments. The groups were found to share one characteristic: a clear-cut, linear formal dominance hierarchy as expressed in teeth-baring displays. The two main study groups (one of each species) differed significantly, however, with respect to nine of eleven behavioral measures. In addition to a previously reported higher frequency of reconciliation in the stumptail group, this group showed (1) more frequent but less severe aggressive behavior, (2) greater symmetry of contests, (3) greater social tolerance, (4) more nonagonistic approaches, and (5) more allogrooming. The differences can be summarized as a contrast in dominance style, with the stumptails having a more relaxed style and placing greater emphasis on social cohesion than the rhesus monkeys. An egalitarian attitude was also reflected in approach behavior: contacts in the rhesus group were mostly initiated by dominants, whereas contacts in the stumptail group were initiated independent of rank. Comparisons with a second rhesus group, and with published reports, suggest that while some of the observed differences are probably representative of the two species, considerable intraspecific variation does exist, and a more comprehensive program of comparative studies is needed. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
1098-2345 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ FransB.M.DeWaal1989 |
Serial |
870 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Rau, R.E, |
| Title |
The museum's Quagga project |
Type |
Manuscript |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
|
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
1500 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Lynch, J.J.; Hinch, G.N.; Bouissou, M.F.; Elwin, R.L.; Green, G.C.; Davies, H.I. |
| Title |
Social organization in young Merino and Merino x Border Leicester ewes |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
49-63 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
The social behaviour of two groups of Merino ewes and one group of Merino x Border Leicester ewes was studied. Each group comprised eight sheep, 15 months of age and, within each group, the animals were of similar liveweight. Dominance rankings were established at each test, but there was little consistency in ewe rank over time. Similarly, little consistency was found in ewe ranking for movement order between pens, and for exploratory and fear test rankings. However, with tests on movement orders, some consistency in the sheep which ranked first was shown. In the field, no aggression was seen while sheep were grazing and there were no occasions when ranking related to movement could be observed. There were short-term associations between pairs of sheep, but these occurred in less than half the individuals. Although the spatial distribution was not studied, the lack of long-term association between pairs would suggest that strong spatial preference does not occur. It is concluded that the social organization of single-age Merino and Merino x Border Leicester ewes is not based on dominance or leadership ranking nor on long-term associations between individuals. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ room B 3.029 |
Serial |
2036 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Crowell-Davis, S.L.; Caudle, A.B. |
| Title |
Coprophagy by foals: recognition of maternal feces |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
267-272 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Six foals were each observed for 4 h per week during the first 6 weeks of life in an experimental situation in which they had access to feces taken from their mother and from another mare which was not pregnant or lactating. The foals sniffed at the feces equally. Two foals engaged in a total of seven bouts of coprophagy. All bouts of coprophagy involved maternal feces (χ2; P<0.01). |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2273 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Rubenstein, D.I.; Hohmann, M.E |
| Title |
Parasites and Social Behavior of Island Feral Horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Oikos |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oikos |
| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
312-320 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
The horses of Shackelford Banks, North Carolina, USA, are heavily parasitized by intestinal worms and harassed by dipterans, and although both types influence behavior only internal parasites affect bodily condition and the structuring of horse society. Thirteen species of internal parasites were identified, but only 4 of 13 groups contain them all and even within groups differences among individuals are large. Among individuals ova emissions vary ranging from 50 to 76,875 eggs per gram. The most important environmental factors influencing egg production are season and a group's location on the island, presumably because of salinity and soil differences and their effects on ova survival. Of the social and life history factors, age, and group size, but neither reproductive state nor dominance status are important. The fitness consequences of internal parasitism may be large since the number emitted is negatively correlated with next year's bodily condition. Biting fly burdens are also affected by a variety of environmental factors. In general, horses are covered with more flies on sunny days, when winds are moderately brisk, when occupying dunes, and around mid-day. In contrast to endoparasites, fly burden is affected by reproductive condition and dominance status and tends to decrease as groups increase in size. Since groups do not grow very large, nor do females attempt to bring groups together, the negative effects of endoparasites appear to overide those associated with ectoparasites. Consequently, endoparasites appear to exert a stronger influence on social structure, even though ectoparasites seem to play a stronger role in shaping details of behavior. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2360 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Hutchinson, G.W.; Abba, S.A.; Mfitilodze, M.W. |
| Title |
Seasonal translation of equine strongyle infective larvae to herbage in tropical Australia |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Veterinary Parasitology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet Parasitol |
| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
251-263 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Feces/*parasitology; Horses; Queensland; Seasons; Strongyle Infections, Equine/*parasitology; Strongyloidea/growth & development/*physiology; Strongylus/growth & development/*physiology; Tropical Climate |
| Abstract |
Longevity in faeces, migration to and survival on herbage of mixed strongyle infective larvae (approximately 70% cyathostomes: 30% large strongyles) from experimentally deposited horse faeces was studied in the dry tropical region of North Queensland for up to 2 years. Larvae were recovered from faeces deposited during hot dry weather for a maximum of 12 weeks, up to 32 weeks in cool conditions, but less than 8 weeks in hot wet summer. Translation to herbage was mainly limited to the hot wet season (December-March), except when unseasonal winter rainfall of 40-50 mm per month in July and August allowed some additional migration. Survival on pasture was estimated at 2-4 weeks in the summer wet season and 8-12 weeks in the autumn-winter dry season (April-August). Hot dry spring weather (pre-wet season) was the most unfavourable for larval development, migration and survival. Peak counts of up to 60,000 larvae kg-1 dry herbage were recorded. The seasonal nature of pasture contamination allowed the development of rational anthelmintic control programs based on larval ecology. |
| Address |
Graduate School of Tropical Veterinary Science, James Cook University of North Queensland, Townsville, Australia |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0304-4017 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
PMID:2815535 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2672 |
| Permanent link to this record |
