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Author |
Byrne, Richard; Whiten, Andrew |
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Title |
Machiavellian Intelligence |
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Year |
1988 |
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This book presents an alternative to conventional ideas about the evolution of the human intellect. Instead of placing top priority on the role of tools, the pressure for their skillful use, and the related importance of interpersonal communication as a means for enhanced cooperation, this<BR>volume explores quite a different idea-- that the driving force in the evolution of human intellect was social expertise--a force which enabled the manipulation of others within the social group, who themselves are seen as posing the most challenging problems faced by primitive humans. The need to<BR>outwit one's clever colleagues then produces an evolutionary spiraling of “Machiavellian intelligence.” The book forms a complete and self-contained text on this fast-growing topic. It includes the origins of the basic premise and a wealth of exciting developments, described by an international<BR>team of authors from the fields of anthropology, psychology, and zoology. An evaluation of more traditional approaches is also undertaken, with a view to discovering to what extent Machiavellian intelligence represents a complementary concept or one that is truly an alternative. Readers and<BR>students will find this fascinating volume carries them to the frontiers of scientific work on the origin of human intellect. |
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Oxford Univ Press |
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Oxford |
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0-19-852175-8 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4412 |
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Author |
Byrne, Richard; Whiten, Andrew |
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Title |
The machiavellian intelligence hypothesis:Editorial |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1988 |
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Machiavellian Intelligence |
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1-9 |
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Oxford Univ Press |
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Oxford |
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0-19-852175-8 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4430 |
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Author |
Huff, A.N. |
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Title |
Winter Manegement |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1988 |
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Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
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8 |
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1 |
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81-81 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4668 |
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Author |
Huff, A.N. |
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Title |
Safety |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1988 |
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Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
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8 |
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1 |
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81-81 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4669 |
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Author |
Bednarz, J.C. |
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Title |
Cooperative Hunting Harris' Hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1988 |
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Science |
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Science |
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Volume |
239 |
Issue |
4847 |
Pages |
1525-1527 |
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Coordinated hunting by several individuals directed toward the capture and sharing of one Large prey animal has been documented convincingly only for a few mammalian carnivores. In New Mexico, Harris' hawks formed hunting parties of two to six individuals in the nonbreeding season. This behavior improved capture success and the average energy available per individual enabled hawks to dispatch prey larger than themselves. These patterns suggest that cooperation is important to understanding the evolution of complex social behavior in higher vertebrates and, specifically, that benefits derived from team hunting a key factor in the social living of Harris' hawks. |
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10.1126/science.239.4847.1525 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4717 |
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Author |
Hauser M.D |
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Title |
Invention and social transmission: new data from wild vervet monkeys |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Machiavellian Intelligence |
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Pages |
327-343 |
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Oxford Univ Press |
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Oxford |
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0-19-852175-8 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Byrne1988 |
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4794 |
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Author |
Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M |
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Title |
Social and non.social knowledge in vervet monkeys |
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Year |
1988 |
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Machiavellian Intelligence |
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Pages |
255-270 |
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Oxford Univ Press |
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Oxford |
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0-19-852175-8 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Byrne+Whiten1988 |
Serial |
4787 |
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Author |
Dasser V. |
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Title |
Mapping social concepts in monkeys |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Machiavellian Intelligence |
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Pages |
85-93 |
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Oxford Univ Press |
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Oxford |
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0-19-852175-8 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Byrne1988 |
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4792 |
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Author |
McCann, J.S.; Heird, J.C.; Bell, R.W.; Lutherer, L.O. |
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Title |
Normal and more highly reactive horses. II. The effect of handling and reserpine on the cardiac response to stimuli |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1988 |
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Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
215-226 |
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A split-plot experiment evaluated the effect of handling and reserpine on the autonomic heart-rate response of yearling horses to various stimuli. The emotionality levels of 32 Quarter-Horse yearlings were rated by 4 experienced horsemen on a scale from 1 to 4 (1 = most nervous and erratic disposition; 4=quiet disposition). The yearlings were subsequently classified and penned based on their emotionality level; normal or nervous. Within each emotionality group, one-half the yearlings were handled daily for 14 days and the other one-half remained free in the pens. Following the handling treatment, every yearling was individually exposed to a series of stimuli, while the heart rate was monitored via a radio-telemetry system. A second treatment, reserpine, was subsequently given intramuscularly (0.005 mg/kg body weight) to one-half the yearlings of each treatment combination of emotionality and handling. The heart rate of the yearlings to the same series of stimuli previously employed was determined at 24 and 120 h and 16 days following the reserpine injection. Summarizing the results, the handled yearlings tended to exhibit lower heart rates with the handling stimulus, but the heart rate with a more novel stimulus was not affected by the previous handling treatment. Reserpine tended to suppress the heart rate of the unhandled group during the presence of a handler, but the permanency of this effect was not evident 16 days after the drug was administered. The reserpine-treated groups tended to exhibit the lowest heart-rate response to stimuli during the 120-h test-day following the administration of the drug. Heart-rate responses to the stimuli were not different between the normal and nervous yearlings. |
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0168-1591 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4817 |
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Author |
McCann, J.S.; Heird, J.C.; Bell, R.W.; Lutherer, L.O. |
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Title |
Normal and more highly reactive horses. I. Heart rate, respiration rate and behavioral observations |
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Journal Article |
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1988 |
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Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
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Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
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19 |
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3-4 |
Pages |
201-214 |
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Abstract |
Thirty-two Quarter horse yearlings were utilized in a split-plot experiment to establish behavioral tendencies for two levels of emotionality; normal and a more highly reactive level of emotionality termed nervous. Four observers who were experienced with horses scored the yearlings on an emotionality scale from 1 to 4, with 1 representing the highly nervous yearlings and 4 representing the quiet yearlings. Emotionality evaluations were based upon the response of the yearlings to a standard regimen of standing in a chute, being identified and being released from the chute. The inter-rater reliability coefficients were 0.90 for the normal yearlings and 0.65 for the nervous yearlings, indicating that the raters agreed less when evaluating the nervous yearlings. Yearling heart rates in the chute were correlated (r = -0.54, P<0.002) with the average emotionality score. Observational data on behavior collected 2 days following the emotionality scoring procedure indicated that the normal yearlings maintained a greater (P<0.001) individual distance than the nervous yearlings. From an activity summary, the normal yearlings spent 10.9% of the time lying down (LD), 79.1% standing (S), 9.6% walking or trotting (WT) and 0.4% of the time cantering or galloping (CG). The nervous yearlings spent 5.7% of the observational periods LD, 79.2% S, 11.7% WT and 3.4% CG. The nervous yearlings tended to have a higher overall activity index level than did the normal yearlings. Results indicate horses of different emotionality levels exhibited different behavioral patterns. |
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0168-1591 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4818 |
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