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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Matsuzawa, T. openurl 
  Title Use of numbers by a chimpanzee Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 315 Issue 6014 Pages 57-59  
  Keywords Animals; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Cognition; Female; Mathematics; Pan troglodytes/*physiology  
  Abstract Recent studies have examined linguistic abilities in apes. However, although human mathematical abilities seem to be derived from the same foundation as those in language, we have little evidence for mathematical abilities in apes (but for exceptions see refs 7-10). In the present study, a 5-yr-old female chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), 'Ai', was trained to use Arabic numerals to name the number of items in a display. Ai mastered numerical naming from one to six and was able to name the number, colour and object of 300 types of samples. Although no particular sequence of describing samples was required, the chimpanzee favoured two sequences (colour/object/number and object/colour/number). The present study demonstrates that the chimpanzee was able to describe the three attributes of the sample items and spontaneously organized the 'word order'.  
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  ISSN 0028-0836 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:3990808 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2793  
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Author McGonigle, B. openurl 
  Title Can apes learn to count? Type
  Year 1985 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 315 Issue 6014 Pages 16-17  
  Keywords Animals; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Cognition; Pan troglodytes/*physiology  
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  ISSN 0028-0836 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:3990806 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2794  
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Author Gallup, G.G.J. openurl 
  Title Do minds exist in species other than our own? Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Abbreviated Journal Neurosci Biobehav Rev  
  Volume 9 Issue 4 Pages 631-641  
  Keywords Animals; Awareness; *Behavior, Animal; Child Psychology; Child, Preschool; *Cognition; Consciousness; Evolution; Humans; Infant; Language; Pan troglodytes; Philosophy; Psychological Theory; Species Specificity  
  Abstract An answer to the question of animal awareness depends on evidence, not intuition, anecdote, or debate. This paper examines some of the problems inherent in an analysis of animal awareness, and whether animals might be aware of being aware is offered as a more meaningful distinction. A framework is presented which can be used to make a determination about the extent to which other species have experiences similar to ours based on their ability to make inferences and attributions about mental states in others. The evidence from both humans and animals is consistent with the idea that the capacity to use experience to infer the experience of others is a byproduct of self-awareness.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0149-7634 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:4080281 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2808  
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Author Epstein, R. openurl 
  Title Animal cognition as the praxist views it Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Abbreviated Journal Neurosci Biobehav Rev  
  Volume 9 Issue 4 Pages 623-630  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Behavioral Sciences/*trends; Behaviorism; *Cognition; Columbidae; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; Humans; Models, Psychological; Problem Solving; Psychological Theory; Psychology/history/trends  
  Abstract The distinction between psychology and praxics provides a clear answer to the question of animal cognition. As Griffin and others have noted, the kinds of behavioral phenomena that lead psychologists to speak of cognition in humans are also observed in nonhuman animals, and therefore those who are convinced of the legitimacy of psychology should not hesitate to speak of and to attempt to study animal cognition. The behavior of organisms is also a legitimate subject matter, and praxics, the study of behavior, has led to significant advances in our understanding of the kinds of behaviors that lead psychologists to speak of cognition. Praxics is a biological science; the attempt by students of behavior to appropriate psychology has been misguided. Generativity theory is an example of a formal theory of behavior that has proved useful both in the engineering of intelligent performances in nonhuman animals and in the prediction of intelligent performances in humans.  
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  ISSN 0149-7634 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:3909017 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2809  
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Author Baron-Cohen S; Leslie AM; Frith U openurl 
  Title Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind”? Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Cognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 21 Issue Pages 37  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2979  
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Author Galdikas BMF openurl 
  Title Orangutan sociality at Tanjung Puting Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Am. J. Primatol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue Pages 101  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2995  
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Author Perner J; Wimmer H openurl 
  Title “John thinks that Mary thinks that”: attribution of second-order beliefs by 5- to 10-year-old children Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication J. Exp. Child Psychol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 39 Issue Pages 437  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3024  
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Author Dalin, G.; Magnusson, L.E.; Thafvelin, B.C. openurl 
  Title Retrospective study of hindquarter asymmetry in Standardbred trotters and its correlation with performance Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Equine Vet. J. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 17 Issue Pages 292-296  
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  Notes Cited By (since 1996): 8; Export Date: 24 October 2008 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ knut @ Serial 4579  
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Author Smuts, B.B. openurl 
  Title Sex and Friendship in Baboons Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4871  
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Author Trivers, R.L. openurl 
  Title Social Evolution Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4906  
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