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Sufit, E.; Houpt, K.A.; Sweeting, M. |
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Title  |
Physiological stimuli of thirst and drinking patterns in ponies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
12-16 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Blood Proteins/analysis; Drinking Behavior/drug effects/*physiology; Furosemide/pharmacology; Horses/*physiology; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Sodium Chloride/pharmacology; Thirst/drug effects/*physiology; Time Factors; Water Deprivation/physiology |
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Abstract |
The stimuli that elicit thirst were studied in four ponies. Nineteen hours of water deprivation produced an increase in plasma protein from 67 +/- 0.1 g/litre to 72 +/- 2 g/litre, a mean (+/- se) increase in plasma sodium from 139 +/- 3 to 145 +/- 2 mmol/litre and an increase in plasma osmolality from 297 +/- 1 to 306 +/- 2 mosmol/litre. Undeprived ponies drank 1.5 +/- 0.9 kg/30 mins; 19 h deprived ponies drank 10.2 +/- 2.5 kg/30 mins and corrected the deficits in plasma protein, plasma sodium and plasma osmolality as well as compensating for the water they would have drunk during the deprivation period. In order to determine if an increase in plasma osmolality would stimulate thirst, 250 ml of 15 per cent sodium chloride was infused intravenously. The ponies drank when osmolality increased 3 per cent and when plasma sodium rose from 136 +/- 3 mmol/litre to 143 +/- 3 mmol/litre. Ponies infused with 15 per cent sodium chloride drank 2.9 +/- 0.7 kg; those infused with 0.9 per cent sodium chloride drank 0.7 +/- 0.5 kg. In order to determine if a decrease in plasma volume would stimulate thirst, ponies were injected with 1 or 2 mg/kg bodyweight (bwt) frusemide. Plasma protein rose from 68 +/- 2 g/litre pre-injection to 75 +/- 2 g/litre 1 h after 1 mg/kg bwt frusemide and to 81 +/- 1 g/litre 1 h after 2 mg/kg bwt frusemide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |
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English |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:3979367 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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56 |
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Author |
Koyama, N. |
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Title |
Playmate relationships among individuals of the Japanese monkey troop in arashiyama |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Primates |
Abbreviated Journal |
Primates |
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Volume |
26 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
390-406-406 |
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Biomedical and Life Sciences |
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Abstract |
Observations of play behavior were made on a troop of Japanese monkeys for five months. The troop consisted of 125 animals during the study period. Only 104 animals were observed playing with the troop members while the other 21 animals were never observed playing with other individuals. Two-member play was the most frequent. On the average, a monkey played with 20.7 individuals. A total of 6,068 play bouts were observed. The frequency of play appeared to be affected by age, sex, and degree of relatedness. One-year-old infant males played most with other members and the frequency of play decreased with age. Between monkeys whose disparity of age was less than two years, 5,763 bouts (95.0% of the total) were observed. Moreover, among sameaged monkeys who comprised 10.6% of the possible pair combinations, 2,739 play bouts (45.1%) were observed. Juvenile males played with same-sexed peers more than with opposite-sexed peers, whereas older juvenile females appeared to play with infants of both sexes. Individuals who were related and similarly-ranked tended to play together. There was no apparent preference for animals to play with the offspring of the highest-ranking female. Dominance rank of infnats and juveniles was primarily affected by rank of their mothers and to a lesser extent by play partners. Dominance rank of older juvenile males is more likely to be affected by play partners than females. It may be a critical time for males when they leave their natal troop and join a new troop. The timing of troop shifting by males seemed to be affected by the presence or absence of play-mates. For male Japanese monkeys, play is very important in developing social bonds. Play may act to perpetuate social bonds, enhance the chance of survival, and may contribute to their future reproductive success. |
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Springer Japan |
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0032-8332 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5327 |
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Author |
Berger, J.; Rudman, R. |
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Title |
Predation and Interactions between Coyotes and Feral Horse Foals |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
ournal of Mammalogy |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Mammal. |
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66 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
401-402 |
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2017 |
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Author |
Bourlière, F. |
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Title |
Primate communities: Their structure and role in tropical ecosystems |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Primatol. |
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6 |
Issue |
1 |
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1-26 |
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Abstract |
The structure of primate communities living in a number of undisturbed areas is described and compared. Species richness is highest in tropical rain forests of Africa and South America, where up to 14 different species can share the same habitat. The number of sympatric primates in woodlands and savannas is always much lower. Some striking differences in community structure may be observed between communities living in apparently similar habitats. Three major factors may be held responsible for such discrepancies: history and paleoecology, present spatial heterogeneity of the vegetation, and competition with other taxonomic groups. The role of primates in the functioning of forest ecosystems is discussed. Though their trophic impact may be important, the role they play in seed dispersal appears to be more significant; they contribute greatly to homeostasis, as well as to regeneration, of the rain forests. A number of ecological traits are particularly developed among primates and may have contributed to the rapid evolutionary success of the order. Their predominantly vegetarian diet allows them to build up higher population densities than sympatric carnivorous mammals;their arborealism permits them to make use of all edible plant material available in a tridimensional environment; the opportunistic tendencies of some cebids, cercopithecids, and pongids enable them to take advantage of a variety of habitats and situations; and finally, an extended socialization period and a long life-span, allowing them to develop social traditions, give to many of them a further possibility to adapt quickly to novel situations. |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4251 |
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Author |
Eisenmann V, |
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Title |
Quagga |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Mammoth Trumpet |
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2 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1056 |
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Author |
Vogt H - H, |
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Title |
Quagga: DNA |
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1985 |
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Naturwiss Rdsch |
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38 |
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205-Sequenz bestimmt. |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1680 |
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Author |
Penzhorn Bl, |
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Title |
Reproductive characteristics of a free – ranging population of Cape mountin zebra |
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1985 |
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J Reprod Fert |
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73 |
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51-57 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1458 |
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Author |
Dalin, G.; Magnusson, L.E.; Thafvelin, B.C. |
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Title |
Retrospective study of hindquarter asymmetry in Standardbred trotters and its correlation with performance |
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Year |
1985 |
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Equine Vet. J. |
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17 |
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292-296 |
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Cited By (since 1996): 8; Export Date: 24 October 2008 |
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Admin @ knut @ |
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4579 |
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Author |
Poling, A.; Thomas, J.; Hall-Johnson, E.; Picker, M. |
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Title |
Self-control revisited: Some factors that affect autoshaped responding |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
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10 |
Issue |
1-2 |
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77-85 |
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Pigeons were exposed to autoshaping procedures under which 50% of red key illuminations were followed by 9-sec food deliveries, and 50% of blue key illuminations were followed by 3-sec food deliveries. When all key illuminations were 6 sec, pigeons preferred the red stimulus. Subsequent manipulations demonstrated that preference could be shifted to the blue stimulus by either increasing the duration of the red stimulus or imposing a delay interval between the offset of that stimulus and food delivery. A final experiment demonstrated that, in two of three subjects, preference for key illuminations associated with longer, but delayed, food deliveries generally increased as the duration of all key illuminations was lengthened. These results, obtained under conditions where keypecking had no programmed consequences, are similar to those previously observed under procedures involving a positive response-food dependency. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3606 |
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Author |
Smuts, B.B. |
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Title |
Sex and Friendship in Baboons |
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Miscellaneous |
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1985 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4871 |
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