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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Dalin, G.; Magnusson, L.E.; Thafvelin, B.C. openurl 
  Title Retrospective study of hindquarter asymmetry in Standardbred trotters and its correlation with performance Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Equine Vet. J. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 17 Issue Pages 292-296  
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  Notes Cited By (since 1996): 8; Export Date: 24 October 2008 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ knut @ Serial (up) 4579  
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Author Huff, A.N.; Meacham, T.N.; Wahlberg, M.L. url  doi
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  Title Feeds and feeding: A review Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 96-108  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 4667  
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Author Smuts, B.B. openurl 
  Title Sex and Friendship in Baboons Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 4871  
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Author Trivers, R.L. openurl 
  Title Social Evolution Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 4906  
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Author Veevers, J.E. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The Social Meaning of Pets -- Alternative Roles for Companion Animals Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Marriage & Family Review Abbreviated Journal Marriage Fam Rev  
  Volume 8 Issue 3&4 Pages 11-30  
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  Abstract When companion animal interact closely with people, the roles they play may be categorized in terms of three major functions. The projective function involves the extent to which pets may serve as a symbolic extension of the self. The sociability function involves the role of pets in facilitating human-to-human interaction. The surrogate function involves the extent to which interaction with pets may supplement human-to-human interaction, or serve as a substitute for it. A person publicly identified with a companion animal makes a symbolic statement of their personality and self-image. Whether or not this process is intentional, the presence of a pet and the way it is treated become factors which are taken into account in the assessment of the social self. Pets facilitate interaction by being social lubricants. They provide a neutral subject of conversation, and perform a variety of functions as social catalysts. Since interaction with companion animals can approximate human companionship, the presence of pets may serve to supplement the benefits usually derived from the roles of friend, parent, spouse, or child. Alternatively, pets may serve as surrogate antagonists. In the extreme, interaction with companion animals may not only supplement human companionship, but may actually replace it. These three major functions are discussed with examples. Implications are noted for future research on companion animals.  
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  Publisher Routledge Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN 0149-4929 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 5069  
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Author Koyama, N. doi  openurl
  Title Playmate relationships among individuals of the Japanese monkey troop in arashiyama Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Primates Abbreviated Journal Primates  
  Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 390-406-406  
  Keywords Biomedical and Life Sciences  
  Abstract Observations of play behavior were made on a troop of Japanese monkeys for five months. The troop consisted of 125 animals during the study period. Only 104 animals were observed playing with the troop members while the other 21 animals were never observed playing with other individuals. Two-member play was the most frequent. On the average, a monkey played with 20.7 individuals. A total of 6,068 play bouts were observed. The frequency of play appeared to be affected by age, sex, and degree of relatedness. One-year-old infant males played most with other members and the frequency of play decreased with age. Between monkeys whose disparity of age was less than two years, 5,763 bouts (95.0% of the total) were observed. Moreover, among sameaged monkeys who comprised 10.6% of the possible pair combinations, 2,739 play bouts (45.1%) were observed. Juvenile males played with same-sexed peers more than with opposite-sexed peers, whereas older juvenile females appeared to play with infants of both sexes. Individuals who were related and similarly-ranked tended to play together. There was no apparent preference for animals to play with the offspring of the highest-ranking female. Dominance rank of infnats and juveniles was primarily affected by rank of their mothers and to a lesser extent by play partners. Dominance rank of older juvenile males is more likely to be affected by play partners than females. It may be a critical time for males when they leave their natal troop and join a new troop. The timing of troop shifting by males seemed to be affected by the presence or absence of play-mates. For male Japanese monkeys, play is very important in developing social bonds. Play may act to perpetuate social bonds, enhance the chance of survival, and may contribute to their future reproductive success.  
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  Publisher Springer Japan Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN 0032-8332 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 5327  
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Author Vrba, Elisabeth S. openurl 
  Title Environment and evolution: alternative causes of the temporal distribution of evolutionary events Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication South African Journal of Science Abbreviated Journal S Afr J Anim Sci  
  Volume 81 Issue Pages 229-236  
  Keywords evolution, paleontology, turnover pulse  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 5463  
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Author Kummer, H.; Goodall, J. url  openurl
  Title Conditions of Innovative Behaviour in Primates Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 308 Issue 1135 Pages 203-214  
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  Abstract Innovative behaviour achieved through exploration, learning and insight heavily depends on certain motivational, social and ecological conditions of short duration. We propose that more attention should be given to what these conditions are and where they are realized in natural groups of non-human primates. Only to the extent that such favourable conditions were frequently realized in a social structure or an extraspecific environment could selective pressures act on innovative abilities. There is hope that research into field conditions of innovative behaviour will help to identify its selectors in evolution.  
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  Notes 10.1098/rstb.1985.0020 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 5751  
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Author Sasväri, L. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Different Observational Learning Capacity in Juvenile and Adult Individuals of Congeneric Bird Species Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie Abbreviated Journal Z. Tierpsychol.  
  Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 293-304  
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  Abstract Abstract and Summary: Since the adaptive significance of social organization is emphasized diversely in both anti-predator behaviour and food searching of birds, measures and comparisons of observational learning capacity of various species are needed. Four different experimental situations were built up for juvenile and adult individuals of tits (Parus major, P. caeruleus, P. palustris) and thrushes (Turdus merula, T. philo-melos). The birds learn more easily from conspecifics and learn easily when they already know a previous problem solving situation. The capacity of observational learning of the adult great tits surpasses that of adult blue tits and marsh tits, and that of the adult blackbirds exceeds that of the adult songthrushes. The higher performance of the great tit and blackbird can be related to their greater hemispheric index. The differences in the learning capacity of the naive individuals of the three tit species and that of the two thrush species were not significant. It is suggested, that the higher observational learning of the great tit and blackbird is evolved through maturational processes and can be reflected by their greater adaptability. Zusammenfassung: Lernen durch Nachahmung wurde in vier verschiedenen Situationen mit jungen und alten Individuen von Meisen- (Parus major, P. caeruleus, P. palustris) und Drosselarten (Turdus merula, T. philomelos) untersucht. Die Vögel lernten besser von Artgenossen und lernten leicht, wenn sie vorher bereits eine Problemlösungssituation kannten. Die Lernfähigkeit (durch Nachahmung) alter Kohlmeisen übertraf die alter Blau- und Sumpfmeisen; die Lernfähigkeit alter Amseln übertraf die alter Singdrosseln. Die höhere Leistung der Kohlmeisen und Amseln hängt mit ihrem höheren Hemisphären-Index zusammen. Naive Individuen der Meisen- und Drosselarten zeigten keine signifikanten Unterschiede in ihrer Lernfähigkeit. Es ist anzunehmen, daß die höhere Lernfähigkeit der Kohlmeise und der Amsel im Laufe der Entwicklung durch Reifungsprozesse zustande kommt und sich in ihrer höheren Anpassungsfähig-keit widerspiegelt.  
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  Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN 1439-0310 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 6169  
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Author Crowell-Davis, S.L. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Nursing behaviour and maternal aggression among Welsh ponies (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl Anim Behav Sci  
  Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 11-25  
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  Abstract Nursing behaviour and related aggression of mare-foal pairs was studied from birth (n = 21) to 24 weeks of age (n = 15) of the foal. Foals exhibited a decreasing length and frequency of nursing as they grew older. Mares rarely aggressed against their foals during nursing in the foal's first 4 weeks of life, but did so increasingly through Weeks 13-16, after which the rate of aggression during nursing decreased. Mares terminated nursing primarily by moving away, and were most likely to do so during the foal's first 4 weeks of life. They became gradually less likely to do so as the foal grew older. It was concluded that mares sometimes flex their hind limb on the side opposite the foal during nursing in order to conserve energy in a situation in which they would be remaining still anyway. There was no difference between colts and fillies in the frequency or duration of nursing or in the frequency with which their mothers aggressed against them or terminated nursing.  
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  ISSN 0168-1591 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial (up) 6504  
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