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Author |
Kacelnik, A.; Houston, A.I. |
Title |
Some effects of energy costs on foraging strategies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
Volume |
32 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
609-614 |
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Abstract |
We consider the effect of including energy costs on the optimal strategy for animals exploiting a depleting food resource. In the context of central place foraging this leads to the problem of what load size should be brought back to the central place. Two strategies are discussed: (i) maximize gross rate of energy delivery and (ii) maximize net rate of energy delivery. The optimal load size (or optimal patch time) for net maximizers is not always larger than for gross maximizers, as has been claimed. Instead, the difference in optimal load size has the same sign as the difference between metabolic rates of travelling and foraging. We point out that the influence of costs has not always been correctly incorporated in experimental tests of the theory. |
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2122 |
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Author |
Wolff, P.R.; Powell, A.J. |
Title |
Urine patterns in mice: An analysis of male/female counter-marking |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
Volume |
32 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1185-1191 |
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Counter-marking in mice, Mus musculus was investigated by analysing urine deposition on filter paper marked asymmetrically with urine of the opposite sex. Intact males deposited large numbers of urine spots with a marked angular bias towards previously marked quadrants. More spots were deposited on proestrous and ovariectomized donor urine patterns, their distribution being more centrifugal on oestrous urine and more centripetal in quadrants containing a large female urine spot in a central position. In contrast, castrated male mice deposited very few spots with no angular bias. Female urine patterns showed angular bias in response to intact, but not castrated male donor urine, a larger number of spots being produced by oestrous females. Thus the pattern of deposition offers scope for two-way communication of information about reproductive potential. |
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2144 |
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Sherry, D.F.; Galef Jr, B.G. |
Title |
Cultural transmission without imitation: Milk bottle opening by birds |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
Volume |
32 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
937-938 |
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0003-3472 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5611 |
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Author |
Price, E.O. |
Title |
Behavioral aspects of animal domestication |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Q Rev Biol |
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59 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Price1984 |
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6239 |
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Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L. |
Title |
The acoustic features of vervet monkey grunts |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1984 |
Publication |
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Acoust Soc Am |
Volume |
75 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1623-1628 |
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*Acoustics; Animals; Auditory Perception; Cercopithecus/*physiology; Cercopithecus aethiops/*physiology; Cues; Dominance-Subordination; Female; Male; Social Behavior; Sound Spectrography; *Vocalization, Animal |
Abstract |
East African vervet monkeys give short (125 ms), harsh-sounding grunts to each other in a variety of social situations: when approaching a dominant or subordinate member of their group, when moving into a new area of their range, or upon seeing another group. Although all these vocalizations sound similar to humans, field playback experiments have shown that the monkeys distinguish at least four different calls. Acoustic analysis reveals that grunts have an aperiodic F0, at roughly 240 Hz. Most grunts exhibit a spectral peak close to this irregular F0. Grunts may also contain a second, rising or falling frequency peak, between 550 and 900 Hz. The location and changes in these two frequency peaks are the cues most likely to be used by vervets when distinguishing different grunt types. |
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0001-4966 |
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PMID:6736426 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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703 |
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BAGTACHE B et al, |
Title |
Paläontologie – Présence d`un Equus cacallin et d`une autre espéce nouvelle d`Equus dans l`Aterien des Allobroges, Agérie |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1984 |
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C R Acad Sc Paris |
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298 |
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609-612 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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913 |
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Author |
DUNCAN P et al, |
Title |
Reduction of inbreeding in a natural herd of horses |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1984 |
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Anim Beh av |
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32 |
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520-527 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1034 |
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Author |
Eisenmann V, |
Title |
Sur quelques caractères adaptatifs du squelette d`Equus et leurs implications paléoécologiques Bull |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1984 |
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Bull Mus natn Hist nat Paris |
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6 |
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185-195 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1054 |
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Author |
Eisenmann V, G.C. |
Title |
Morphologie fonctionelle et environnement chez les périssodactyles. |
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Journal Article |
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1984 |
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Geobios, Mém sp |
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8 |
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69 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1061 |
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Author |
Epstein H, |
Title |
Ass, mule and onager |
Type |
Book Chapter |
Year |
1984 |
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In Manson: Evolution of domesticatd animals. |
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174-184 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1072 |
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