| Records |
| Author |
Carson, K.; Wood-Gush, D.G.M. |
| Title |
Equine behaviour: I. A review of the literature on social and dam--Foal behaviour |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Animal. Ethol. |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue  |
3 |
Pages |
165-178 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
In most cases, the social organisation of each of the seven species of Equidae existing today outside captivity is either territorial or non-territorial. The striking differences found between these two types of organisation in the social grouping and bonds, mating behaviour, leadership and dominance hierarchies of the animals are examined. It is thought that the non-territorial species show a less primitive type of organisation than the territorial animals. Infant Equidae are precocious animals and are able to follow their dams soon after birth. They stay close by their dams and travel with the herd from an early age and are therefore classified as “followers”, in contrast to the species which have a period of hiding after birth. Dams recognise their foals immediately after birth, whereas it takes 2 or 3 days for a foal to form an attachment to its dam. Being in close proximity to their dams, foals are able to nurse frequently and, unless artificially weaned, a foal will nurse until its dam foals again. Foals start to graze during their first week and as they grow older they spend more time grazing and less time nursing and resting. It is normal for foals to be corprophagic until one month old, and this provides them with bacteria essential for the digestion of fibre. Play behaviour is solitary in very young foals, but after 4 weeks of age, foals play together, with male foals playing more than females and showing more aggressive, fighting movements in play. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2253 |
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| Author |
Carson, K.; Wood-Gush, D.G.M. |
| Title |
Equine behaviour: I. A review of the literature on social and dam--Foal behaviour |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
165-178 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
In most cases, the social organisation of each of the seven species of Equidae existing today outside captivity is either territorial or non-territorial. The striking differences found between these two types of organisation in the social grouping and bonds, mating behaviour, leadership and dominance hierarchies of the animals are examined. It is thought that the non-territorial species show a less primitive type of organisation than the territorial animals. Infant Equidae are precocious animals and are able to follow their dams soon after birth. They stay close by their dams and travel with the herd from an early age and are therefore classified as “followers”, in contrast to the species which have a period of hiding after birth. Dams recognise their foals immediately after birth, whereas it takes 2 or 3 days for a foal to form an attachment to its dam. Being in close proximity to their dams, foals are able to nurse frequently and, unless artificially weaned, a foal will nurse until its dam foals again. Foals start to graze during their first week and as they grow older they spend more time grazing and less time nursing and resting. It is normal for foals to be corprophagic until one month old, and this provides them with bacteria essential for the digestion of fibre. Play behaviour is solitary in very young foals, but after 4 weeks of age, foals play together, with male foals playing more than females and showing more aggressive, fighting movements in play. |
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0304-3762 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6671 |
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| Author |
Kirkpatrick, J. F.; Turner, J. W. |
| Title |
Seasonal ovarian function in feral mares: seasonal patterns of LH, progestins and estrogens in feral mares |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Equine Vet. Sci. |
| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
113-118 |
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| Abstract |
Blood was collected every 3 days for 13 months from 4 captured [female][female] of proven fertility kept adjacent to a teaser stallion. Basal plasma LH level was greater during Apr.-July (8.1+or-0.5 ng/ml) than during Nov.-Jan. (2.2+or-0.2). A total for 21 LH peaks occurred between 13 Apr. and 31 Aug. among the 4 [female][female]; many peaks exceeded 20 times the basal level, and there was a trend to a higher LH level with each succeeding peak. On all occasions except one, LH peaks were associated with progesterone levels of 0.5 ng/ml and with increases of oestrogen (peak average 43.1+or-12.1 pg/ml). Basal progesterone level during Apr.-July (1.5+or-1.2 ng/ml) did not differ significantly from that during Oct.-Jan. (1.1+or-0.7), nor did basal oestrogen level differ significantly between those 2 periods (8.4+or-3.2 and 12.9+or-4.6 pg/ml resp.). Behavioural oestrus always occurred with LH and oestrogen peaks during Apr.-July. However, behavioural oestrus was occasionally observed during Aug.-Oct., when LH peaks no longer occurred. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2325 |
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| Author |
Lindsay, F.E.; Burton, F.L. |
| Title |
Observational study of “urine testing” in the horse and donkey stallion |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
330-336 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Horses/anatomy & histology/*physiology; Male; Nasal Septum; Nose/anatomy & histology; Olfactory Mucosa/physiology; Perissodactyla/*physiology; Sex Attractants/urine; Smell/physiology |
| Abstract |
Although “urine testing” is said to enable the male equid to assess the sexual status of the mare, there are no reports in the literature of any detailed study of this behavioural response of the stallion. Behavioural response to conspecific urine was studied in two horse stallions and one donkey stallion. The relevant nasopalatine anatomy is described. Events observed during urine testing included head, neck, lip, jaw, tongue movements, penile changes and nasal secretion. Nasal endoscopy indicated that the source of part of the nasal secretion was the secretory glands of the vomeronasal organ complex. The significance and probable function of these events in urine testing is discussed. |
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0425-1644 |
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| Notes |
PMID:6641679 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
1955 |
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| Author |
Henneke, D.R.; Potter, G.D.; Kreider, J.L.; Yeates, B.F. |
| Title |
Relationship between condition score, physical measurements and body fat percentage in mares |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
371-372 |
| Keywords |
*Adipose Tissue; Animals; Biometry; Body Weight; Female; Heart/anatomy & histology; Horses/anatomy & histology/*physiology; *Reproduction |
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0425-1644 |
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| Notes |
PMID:6641685 |
Approved |
no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2299 |
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| Author |
Crook, J.H. |
| Title |
On attributing consciousness to animals |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
303 |
Issue |
5912 |
Pages |
11-14 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Consciousness; Evolution; Learning |
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0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:6843653 |
Approved |
no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2795 |
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| Author |
Berger, J. |
| Title |
Induced abortion and social factors in wild horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
303 |
Issue |
5912 |
Pages |
59-61 |
| Keywords |
Abortion, Induced/*veterinary; Abortion, Veterinary/*etiology; Aggression/physiology; Animals; Evolution; Female; Horses/*physiology; Humans; Pregnancy; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology |
| Abstract |
Much evidence now suggests that the postnatal killing of young in primates and carnivores, and induced abortions in some rodents, are evolved traits exerting strong selective pressures on adult male and female behaviour. Among ungulates it is perplexing that either no species have developed convergent tactics or that these behaviours are not reported, especially as ungulates have social systems similar to those of members of the above groups. Only in captive horses (Equus caballus) has infant killing been reported. It has been estimated that 40,000 wild horses live in remote areas of the Great Basin Desert of North America (US Department of Interior (Bureau of Land Management), unpublished report), where they occur in harems (females and young) defended by males. Here I present evidence that, rather than killing infants directly, invading males induce abortions in females unprotected by their resident stallions and these females are then inseminated by the new males. |
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| ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:6682487 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4365 |
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