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Author Heffner, R.S.; Heffner, H.E. doi  openurl
  Title Hearing in large mammals: Horses (Equus caballus) and cattle (Bos taurus) Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Behavioral Neuroscience Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 97 Issue 2 Pages (down) 299-309  
  Keywords auditory range & sensitivity, horses vs cattle  
  Abstract Determined behavioral audiograms for 3 horses and 2 cows. Horses' hearing ranged from 55 Hz to 33.3 kHz, with a region of best sensitivity from 1 to 16 kHz. Cattle hearing ranged from 23 Hz to 35 kHz, with a well-defined point of best sensitivity at 8 kHz. Of the 2 species, cattle proved to have more acute hearing, with a lowest threshold of –21 db (re 20 μN/m–2) compared with the horses' lowest threshold of 7 db. Comparative analysis of the hearing abilities of these 2 species with those of other mammals provides further support for the relation between interaural distance and high-frequency hearing and between high- and low-frequency hearing. (39 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher American Psychological Association Place of Publication Us Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1939-0084(Electronic);0735-7044(Print) ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ 1983-29540-001 Serial 5633  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author BERGER J et al, openurl 
  Title Chemical restraint of wild horses: Effects on reproduction and social structure Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Abbreviated Journal J Wildl Diseases  
  Volume 19 Issue Pages (down) 265-268  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 941  
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Author Kaseda Y, openurl 
  Title Seasonal changes in the home range and the size of harem groups of Misaki horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Abbreviated Journal Jpn J Zootech Sci  
  Volume 54 Issue Pages (down) 254-262  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1234  
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Author Berger J, openurl 
  Title Predation, sex ratios, and male competition in equids Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Abbreviated Journal J Zool Lond  
  Volume 201 Issue Pages (down) 205-216  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 939  
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Author Miller R, openurl 
  Title Seasonal movements and home ranges of feral horse bands in Wyoming's Red Desert Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Abbreviated Journal J Range Mgmt  
  Volume 36 Issue Pages (down) 199-201  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1396  
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Author Miller R, openurl 
  Title Habitat use of feral horses and cattle in Wyoming's Red Desert Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Abbreviated Journal J Range Mgmt  
  Volume 36 Issue Pages (down) 195-199  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1395  
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Author Carson, K.; Wood-Gush, D.G.M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Equine behaviour: II. A review of the literature on feeding, eliminative and resting behaviour Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Applied Animal Ethology Abbreviated Journal Appl. Animal. Ethol.  
  Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages (down) 179-190  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The literature on the feeding, eliminative and resting behaviour of horses has been reviewed to collate the information available on these subjects. The grazing and eliminative behaviour patterns of domestic horses are unlike those of free-ranging Equidae. The reasons for this are not known, but it can cause wasted grazing of up to 90% of a field. Certain conditions, such as provision of supplementary hay and lack of available herbage, can cause these behaviour patterns to change, although it is not known how to manipulate the grazing behaviour of horses to prevent deterioration of the pasture. Grazing behaviour is influenced by many variables and is more complex than the feeding behaviour of a stabled horse. Horses sleep for approximately 12% of the day and show 4 different sleep/wakefulness states -- alert wakefulness, drowsiness, slow-wave sleep and paradoxical sleep. Horses are able to maintain slow-wave sleep while standing, but they need to lie down for paradoxical sleep to occur, rarely spending more than 30 consecutive minutes in lateral recumbency.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 1990  
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Author Ristau, C.A. url  openurl
  Title Language, cognition, and awareness in animals? Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 406 Issue 1 Pages (down) 170-186  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2952  
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Author Carson, K.; Wood-Gush, D.G.M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Equine behaviour: I. A review of the literature on social and dam--Foal behaviour Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Applied Animal Ethology Abbreviated Journal Appl. Animal. Ethol.  
  Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages (down) 165-178  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In most cases, the social organisation of each of the seven species of Equidae existing today outside captivity is either territorial or non-territorial. The striking differences found between these two types of organisation in the social grouping and bonds, mating behaviour, leadership and dominance hierarchies of the animals are examined. It is thought that the non-territorial species show a less primitive type of organisation than the territorial animals. Infant Equidae are precocious animals and are able to follow their dams soon after birth. They stay close by their dams and travel with the herd from an early age and are therefore classified as “followers”, in contrast to the species which have a period of hiding after birth. Dams recognise their foals immediately after birth, whereas it takes 2 or 3 days for a foal to form an attachment to its dam. Being in close proximity to their dams, foals are able to nurse frequently and, unless artificially weaned, a foal will nurse until its dam foals again. Foals start to graze during their first week and as they grow older they spend more time grazing and less time nursing and resting. It is normal for foals to be corprophagic until one month old, and this provides them with bacteria essential for the digestion of fibre. Play behaviour is solitary in very young foals, but after 4 weeks of age, foals play together, with male foals playing more than females and showing more aggressive, fighting movements in play.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2253  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Carson, K.; Wood-Gush, D.G.M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Equine behaviour: I. A review of the literature on social and dam--Foal behaviour Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Applied Animal Ethology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages (down) 165-178  
  Keywords  
  Abstract In most cases, the social organisation of each of the seven species of Equidae existing today outside captivity is either territorial or non-territorial. The striking differences found between these two types of organisation in the social grouping and bonds, mating behaviour, leadership and dominance hierarchies of the animals are examined. It is thought that the non-territorial species show a less primitive type of organisation than the territorial animals. Infant Equidae are precocious animals and are able to follow their dams soon after birth. They stay close by their dams and travel with the herd from an early age and are therefore classified as “followers”, in contrast to the species which have a period of hiding after birth. Dams recognise their foals immediately after birth, whereas it takes 2 or 3 days for a foal to form an attachment to its dam. Being in close proximity to their dams, foals are able to nurse frequently and, unless artificially weaned, a foal will nurse until its dam foals again. Foals start to graze during their first week and as they grow older they spend more time grazing and less time nursing and resting. It is normal for foals to be corprophagic until one month old, and this provides them with bacteria essential for the digestion of fibre. Play behaviour is solitary in very young foals, but after 4 weeks of age, foals play together, with male foals playing more than females and showing more aggressive, fighting movements in play.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-3762 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6671  
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