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Author  |
Langlois, B.; Minkema, D.; Bruns, E. |
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Title |
Genetic problems in horse breeding |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Livestock Production Science |
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10 |
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1 |
Pages |
69-81 |
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Abstract |
The purpose of this paper is to give a short survey of the present problems concerning the genetic improvement of horse breeds. The evolution of these populations in Europe, characterized by a deep change from production of draught horses towards that of leisure horses, is described and the influence of the demographical parameters on the selection of these horse populations, is discussed. The generation interval represents an important handicap only surmounted in the case of racing breeds where a high selection intensity can be practised since all animals are subjected to performance testing. In the other cases, the farmer usually does not use modern breeding techniques, but uses crosses instead, which lead more easily to visible results. The available selection criteria are also dealt with. A distinction is made between direct estimates evaluating the abilities of the animals in practice and the indirect estimates measuring a character in correlation to previous ones. For the former estimates, a distinction is made between those resulting from competitions (handicap, records or earnings) and those resulting from direct in-station measurements (saddle, jumping, dressage abilities, draught power). For the indirect estimates, often used especially for the selection of mares, the most important analysis is obviously that of the conformation. However, in the future early selection criteria according to more physiological data should be sought and developed. Estimation of the breeding value according to a given ability is thereafter pointed out. There are two situations: “the panmictic case” concerning sport and draught horses and “the non-panmictic case” corresponding to racing horses, which give rise to some problems. The setting up of breeding plans is discussed. Due to the different economic situations and various objectives of horse production, conclusions are drawn about the role played by geneticists in the present development of this sector. |
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3967 |
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Author |
Lindsay, F.E.; Burton, F.L. |
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Title |
Observational study of “urine testing” in the horse and donkey stallion |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
330-336 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Horses/anatomy & histology/*physiology; Male; Nasal Septum; Nose/anatomy & histology; Olfactory Mucosa/physiology; Perissodactyla/*physiology; Sex Attractants/urine; Smell/physiology |
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Although “urine testing” is said to enable the male equid to assess the sexual status of the mare, there are no reports in the literature of any detailed study of this behavioural response of the stallion. Behavioural response to conspecific urine was studied in two horse stallions and one donkey stallion. The relevant nasopalatine anatomy is described. Events observed during urine testing included head, neck, lip, jaw, tongue movements, penile changes and nasal secretion. Nasal endoscopy indicated that the source of part of the nasal secretion was the secretory glands of the vomeronasal organ complex. The significance and probable function of these events in urine testing is discussed. |
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English |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:6641679 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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1955 |
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Author |
Markworth, P. |
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Title |
Sportmedizin: Physiologische Grundlagen |
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1983 |
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Rowohlt |
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Reinbek |
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9783499170492 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4445 |
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Author |
Miller R, |
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Title |
Habitat use of feral horses and cattle in Wyoming's Red Desert |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
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J Range Mgmt |
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36 |
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195-199 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1395 |
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Author |
Miller R, |
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Title |
Seasonal movements and home ranges of feral horse bands in Wyoming's Red Desert |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
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J Range Mgmt |
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36 |
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199-201 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1396 |
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Author |
Moss, C.J.; Poole, J.H. |
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Title |
Relationships and social structure in African elephants. |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1983 |
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Primate social relationships: an integrated approach. |
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Blackwell Science Ltd |
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Hinde, R.A. |
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978-0632009992 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4426 |
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Author |
Nallan, G.B.; Pace, G.M.; McCoy, D.F.; Zentall, T.R. |
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Title |
The role of elicited responding in the feature-positive effect |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
The American journal of psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Psychol |
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96 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
377-390 |
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Animals; Color Perception; Columbidae; *Discrimination (Psychology); Male; Practice (Psychology); Reinforcement (Psychology); Time Factors |
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Abstract |
Hearst and Jenkins proposed in 1974 that elicited responding accounts for the feature-positive effect. To test this position, pigeons were exposed to a feature-positive or feature-negative discrimination between successively presented displays--one consisted of a red and a green response key and the other consisted of two green response keys. There were four main conditions: 5-5 (5-sec trials, 5-sec intertrial intervals), 5-30, 30-30, and 30-180. Conditions 5-30 and 30-180 should produce the largest amount of elicited responding, and therefore the largest feature-positive effects. A response-independent bird was yoked to each response-dependent bird to allow direct assessment of the amount of elicited responding generated by each condition. Contrary to the predictions by Hearst and Jenkins's theory, response-dependent birds showed large feature-positive effects in each condition. The largest feature-positive effect was obtained in condition 5-5. Response-independent birds produced similar results, but manifested low response rates. |
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0002-9556 |
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PMID:6650707 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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266 |
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Author |
Premack, D. |
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Title |
Animal Cognition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Annual Review of Psychology |
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34 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
351-362 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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3535 |
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Author |
Reichholf J, |
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Title |
Warum sind Zebras gestreift? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
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Das Tier |
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3 |
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10-13 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1503 |
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Author |
Ristau, C.A. |
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Title |
Language, cognition, and awareness in animals? |
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1983 |
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Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. |
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406 |
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1 |
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170-186 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2952 |
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