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Author  |
Berger, J. |
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Title |
Induced abortion and social factors in wild horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Nature |
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Nature |
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Volume |
303 |
Issue |
5912 |
Pages |
59-61 |
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Keywords |
Abortion, Induced/*veterinary; Abortion, Veterinary/*etiology; Aggression/physiology; Animals; Evolution; Female; Horses/*physiology; Humans; Pregnancy; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology |
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Abstract |
Much evidence now suggests that the postnatal killing of young in primates and carnivores, and induced abortions in some rodents, are evolved traits exerting strong selective pressures on adult male and female behaviour. Among ungulates it is perplexing that either no species have developed convergent tactics or that these behaviours are not reported, especially as ungulates have social systems similar to those of members of the above groups. Only in captive horses (Equus caballus) has infant killing been reported. It has been estimated that 40,000 wild horses live in remote areas of the Great Basin Desert of North America (US Department of Interior (Bureau of Land Management), unpublished report), where they occur in harems (females and young) defended by males. Here I present evidence that, rather than killing infants directly, invading males induce abortions in females unprotected by their resident stallions and these females are then inseminated by the new males. |
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English |
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0028-0836 |
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PMID:6682487 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4365 |
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Author |
Berger J, |
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Title |
Ecology and catastrophic mortality in wild horses: Implantations for interpreting fossil assemblages |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
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Science 220 |
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1403-1404 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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937 |
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Author |
Berger J, |
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Title |
Predation, sex ratios, and male competition in equids |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
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J Zool Lond |
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201 |
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205-216 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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939 |
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Author |
BERGER J et al, |
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Title |
Chemical restraint of wild horses: Effects on reproduction and social structure |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
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J Wildl Diseases |
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19 |
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265-268 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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941 |
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Author |
Becker C, |
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Title |
Grevy's zebra of Smburu Keya: Mother-infant behavior |
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Year |
1983 |
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Yale Univ |
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Master's thesis |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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926 |
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Author |
Baer, K.L.; Potter, G.D.; Friend, T.H.; Beaver, B.V. |
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Title |
Observation effects on learning in horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Animal. Ethol. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
123-129 |
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Abstract |
Sixteen horses, divided into 2 groups of 8, were used to study observational learning in horses. One group served as controls while the other group served as the treated group (observers). Observers were allowed to watch a correctly performed discrimination task for 5 days prior to testing their learning response using the same task. Discrimination testing was conducted on all horses daily for 14 days, with criterion set at 7 out of 8 responses correct with the last 5 consecutively correct. The maximum number of trials performed without reaching criterion was limited to 20 per day. Mean trials to criteria (MT) by group were: control, 11.25; observer, 10.70. Mean error (ME) scores were: control, 2.37; observer, 2.02. Average initial discrimination error scores were 11.13 for control and 10.38 for observers (P < 0.10). Asymptote was reached by Day 8 for both control and observer groups. Analysis of variance with repeated measures showed an extreme-day effect indicative of learning (P < 0.01), with non-significant differences in learning rate between experimental groups. Whether the initial ability of the horses to perform a discrimination learning task was enhanced by observation of other horses' performance of that task was not obvious from these data. |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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726 |
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Author |
Appleby, M.C. |
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Title |
The probability of linearity in hierarchies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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31 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
600-608 |
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Abstract |
The common practice of ranking a group of animals in the closest possible order to a linear dominance hierarchy assumes that dominance among those animals is generally transitive. In fact, analysis of groups in which dominance relationships are random shows that this method has a surprisingly high probability of producing an apparently linear or near-linear hierarchy by chance. As such, the existence of transitive dominance should be tested before it is used in ranking. A suitable statistical test is described here. Chance may also contribute to the linear appearance of hierarchies based on other factors. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4286 |
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