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Author (up) Alexander, D.J.
Title Ecological aspects of influenza A viruses in animals and their relationship to human influenza: a review Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Abbreviated Journal J R Soc Med
Volume 75 Issue 10 Pages 799-811
Keywords Animals; *Animals, Domestic; Bird Diseases/transmission; Birds; Disease Outbreaks; Ecology; Horse Diseases/transmission; Horses; Humans; Influenza A virus/genetics/isolation & purification; Influenza, Human/microbiology/*transmission/veterinary; Swine; Swine Diseases/transmission; Zoonoses/transmission
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0141-0768 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:6752410 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2689
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Author (up) Alexander, F.
Title Effect of phenylbutazone on electrolyte metabolism in ponies Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication The Veterinary record Abbreviated Journal Vet. Rec.
Volume 110 Issue 12 Pages 271-272
Keywords Animals; Chlorides/metabolism; Electrolytes/*metabolism; Horses/*metabolism; Male; Phenylbutazone/*pharmacology; Sodium/metabolism
Abstract Phenylbutazone administered in therapeutic doses to ponies decreased urinary sodium and chloride excretion. The volume and osmolality of the urine was unaffected as was potassium excretion. Faecal excretion of chloride decreased and that of potassium increased, while faecal sodium excretion was unaffected. Plasma pH, bicarbonate and total carbon dioxide decreased after phenylbutazone administration. Packed cell volume, plasma sodium, potassium, carbon dioxide tension and chloride were unchanged.
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0042-4900 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:7080416 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 109
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Author (up) Arnold Gw, G.A.
Title Ethogram of agonistic behaviour for thoroughbred horses Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication Applied Animal Ethology Abbreviated Journal Appl. Animal. Ethol.
Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 5-25
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Abstract Social interactions between individual horses were observed in two herds each comprising a stallion and a number of mares. In one herd, the animals were observed whilst grazing and resting; in the other, nearest neighbours were recorded when the animals were grazing, and social interactions were noted when the animals were feeding on hay.

In both herds, the horses showed marked preferences for the company of specific individuals when they were grazing. In one herd, the associations were mainly between individuals that had been associated prior to being put in the herd. In the other herd, this was not the case. A new statistic was produced for testing for specific company preference. In both herds, the stallion was dominant over all mares and never received any aggression.

The complete social hierarchy could not be determined for the herd which was observed only when grazing because social contact was restricted to that within groups or pairs that associated together. In the herd to which hay was fed, a non-linear hierarchy existed. Statistics were produced to quantify both the general level of dominance of a horse and its specific dominance or subordination to every other horse. It is suggested that these statistics, and one for quantifying the general aggressiveness of a horse, could be widely used.

A principal component analysis allowed the horses to be characterised socially according to aggressiveness, their attitude to other horses and their attractiveness to other horses.
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 899
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Author (up) Baba, M., T.; Doi, H.; Ikeda, T.; Iwamoto; Ono Y.
Title A census of large mammals in Omo National Park, Ethiopia Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication African Journal of Ecology Abbreviated Journal Afr. J. Ecol.
Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 207-210
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2218
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Author (up) Beaver Bv,
Title Aggressive bhavior associated with naturally elevated serum Testosterone in mares Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication Abbreviated Journal Appl Anim Ethol
Volume 8 Issue Pages 425-428
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 925
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Author (up) Beck, B.B.
Title Chimpocentrism: Bias in cognitive ethology Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication Journal of Human Evolution Abbreviated Journal
Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 3-17
Keywords herring gull; chimpanzee; cognition; tool-use; shell-dropping; mollusk; predation
Abstract Herring gulls drop hard-shelled mollusks and hermit crab-inhabited molluskan prey in order to break the shells and gain access to the edible interior. A field study of predatory shell dropping on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, U.S.A. showed that the gulls usually drop the same shell repeatedly, orient directly to dropping sites that are invisible from the point at which the mollusks are captured, drop preferentially on hard surfaces, adjust dropping heights to suit the area and elasticity of the substrate, orient directly into the wind while dropping, sever the large defensive cheliped of hermit crabs before consumption, and rinse prey that is difficult to swallow. Proficiency in prey dropping is acquired through dropping objects in play, trial-and-error learning, and perhaps, observation learning.

Observable attributes of predatory shell-dropping support inferences that the gulls are capable of extended concentration, purposefulness, mental representation of spatially and temporally displaced environmental features, cognitive mapping, cognitive modeling, selectivity, and strategy formation. Identical cognitive processes have been inferred to underlie the most sophisticated forms of chimpanzee tool-use.

Advanced cognitive capacities are not restricted to chimpanzees and other pongids, and are not associated uniquely with tool use. The chimpocentric bias should be abandoned, and reconstructions of the evolution of intelligence should be modified accordingly.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4414
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Author (up) Boitani, L.
Title Patterns of homesites attendance in two Minnesota wolf packs Type Book Chapter
Year 1982 Publication Wolves of the World: Perspectives of Behavior, Ecology and Conservation Abbreviated Journal
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Publisher Noyes, Park Ridge Place of Publication New York Editor Harrington, F.H.; Paquet, P.C.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Boitani1982 Serial 6474
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Author (up) Brooks, P.M.
Title Zebra, wildebeest and buffalo sub-population areas in the Hluhluwe-Corridor-Umfolozi Complex, Zululand, and their application in management. Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication Abbreviated Journal S. Afr. J. Wildl. Res.
Volume 12 Issue Pages 140-146
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2251
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Author (up) Campitelli, S.; Carenzi, C.; Verga, M.
Title Factors which influence parturition in the mare and development of the foal Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication Applied Animal Ethology Abbreviated Journal Appl. Animal. Ethol.
Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 7-14
Keywords
Abstract Observations are reported of 127 foals born to 127 mares. In particular, comparisons are made between the mare's tendency to foal at night, the length of gestation, the weight of the foal and the weight of the foetal membrane, the time taken by the foal to attain a standing position and the time taken by the mare to expel the foetal membrane and the age of the mare and the season.

The new facts that emerge from the results are: (a) foals from middle-aged (6–11 years) mares are heavier; (b) variations of gestation length are related to the month of conception (just a trend, not a statistically significant result); (c) time for the foal to stand is related to the foal sex (females: 56.3 minutes; males 70.6 minutes, on average), and to the time taken by the mare to expel the foetal membrane; (d) parturitions take place mainly (80%) during the hours of darkness. In spring, the percentage of night births (85%) is higher than in winter (78%).
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 984
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Author (up) Churcher, C. S.
Title Oldest Ass Recovered from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, and the Origin of Asses Type Journal Article
Year 1982 Publication Journal of Paleontology Abbreviated Journal J. Paleontol.
Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 1124-1132
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Abstract Abstract

An isolated right metatarsal III from an adult small monodactyl equid was recovered in situ from the middle of Bed II at Evelyn Fuchs-Hans Reck Korongo, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania in 1963. Interosseous contacts for splint metatarsals II and IV are less evident than in any modern comparative Equus metapodials in Leiden, Holland, London, England or in the field in Africa: horses (E. caballus), zebras (E. burchellii, E. grevyi, E. quagga) and asses (E. a. asinus, E. a. africanus), of which the horses and asses were domesticates. The specimen is provisionally assigned to Equus (Asinus) asinus. The estimated height at the shoulders is less than a meter for the animal in life, comparable to a small donkey.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 105
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