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Author (up) Andersson, P.; Kvassman, J.; Lindstrom, A.; Olden, B.; Pettersson, G.
Title Effect of NADH on the pKa of zinc-bound water in liver alcohol dehydrogenase Type Journal Article
Year 1981 Publication European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS Abbreviated Journal Eur J Biochem
Volume 113 Issue 3 Pages 425-433
Keywords Alcohol Oxidoreductases/*metabolism; Aldehydes/metabolism; Animals; Binding Sites; Cinnamates/metabolism; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Ligands; Liver/*metabolism; NAD/*metabolism; Water/metabolism; Zinc/metabolism
Abstract Equilibrium constants for coenzyme binding to liver alcohol dehydrogenase have been determined over the pH range 10--12 by pH-jump stop-flow techniques. The binding of NADH or NAD+ requires the protonated form of an ionizing group (distinct from zinc-bound water) with a pKa of 10.4. Complex formation with NADH exhibits an additional dependence on the protonation state of an ionizing group with a pKa of 11.2. The binding of trans-N,N-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde to the enzyme . NADH complex is prevented by ionization of the latter group. It is concluded from these results that the pKa-11.2-dependence of NADH binding most likely derives from ionization of the water molecule bound at the catalytic zinc ion of the enzyme subunit. The pKa value of 11.2 thus assigned to zinc-bound water in the enzyme . NADH complex appears to be typical for an aquo ligand in the inner-sphere ligand field provided by the zinc-binding amino acid residues in liver alcohol dehydrogenase. This means that the pKa of metal-bound water in zinc-containing enzymes can be assumed to correlate primarily with the number of negatively charged protein ligands coordinated by the active-site zinc ion.
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ISSN 0014-2956 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:7011796 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3810
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Author (up) Axelrod, R.; Hamilton, W.D.
Title The evolution of cooperation Type Journal Article
Year 1981 Publication Science Abbreviated Journal Science
Volume 211 Issue 4489 Pages 1390-1396
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Abstract Cooperation in organisms, whether bacteria or primates, has been a difficulty for evolutionary theory since Darwin. On the assumption that interactions between pairs of individuals occur on a probabilistic basis, a model is developed based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game. Deductions from the model, and the results of a computer tournament show how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established. Potential applications include specific aspects of territoriality, mating, and disease.
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Notes 10.1126/science.7466396 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4933
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Author (up) Bannikov Ag,
Title Kulan Moskau Type Book Whole
Year 1981 Publication Abbreviated Journal
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 921
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Author (up) Barnard, C.J.; Sibly, R.M.
Title Producers and scroungers: A general model and its application to captive flocks of house sparrows Type Journal Article
Year 1981 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 543-550
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Abstract Many forms of interaction within and between species appear to be based on `scrounger' individuals or species exploiting a limited resource provided `producers'. A mathematical model is presented which shows whether or not scroungers are maintained in a group, depending on their frequency and the group size. Some of the predictions of the model were tested in captive flocks of house sparrows Passer domesticus L. Here the scroungers obtained most of their food (mealworms) by interaction and the producers found most of their food by actively foraging: the pay-off to each type was measured as mealworm capture rate. Neither type changed strategy opportunistically in response to instantaneous flock composition but, not surprisingly, scroungers fared better when one of more producers were present. However, scrougers did much worse than expected when greatly outnumbered by producers, perhaps because producers then found the available food very quickly.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4200
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Author (up) Bean, P.
Title Punishment: A Philosophical and Criminological Enquiry Type Miscellaneous
Year 1981 Publication Abbreviated Journal
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4851
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Author (up) Beaver Bv,
Title Maternal behavior in mares Type Journal Article
Year 1981 Publication Abbreviated Journal Vet Med Small Anim Clin
Volume 76 Issue Pages 315-317
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 924
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Author (up) Beaver, B.V.
Title Problems & values associated with dominance Type Journal Article
Year 1981 Publication Veterinary medicine, small animal clinician : VM, SAC Abbreviated Journal Vet Med Small Anim Clin
Volume 76 Issue 8 Pages 1129-1131
Keywords Animals; *Animals, Domestic; *Behavior, Animal; Cats; Cattle; Dogs; Horses; *Social Dominance; Swine
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ISSN 0042-4889 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:6914851 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 678
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Author (up) Berger J,
Title The role of risks in mammalian combat: Zebra and onager fights Type Journal Article
Year 1981 Publication Abbreviated Journal Z Tierpsychol 56
Volume Issue Pages 297-304
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 936
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Author (up) Bernstein, I.S.; Dobrofsky, M.
Title Compensatory social responses of older pigtailed monkeys to maternal separation Type Journal Article
Year 1981 Publication Developmental Psychobiology Abbreviated Journal Dev Psychobiol
Volume 14 Issue 2 Pages 163-168
Keywords Animals; Dependency (Psychology); Female; Macaca nemestrina; Male; *Maternal Deprivation; *Social Behavior
Abstract Thirteen 3-5-year-old pigtailed monkeys were subjected to five 2-hr maternal separations while remaining in their normal social group. Significant changes in activity profiles were noted during separation and reunion phases. This suggests the continued social dependence of older offspring upon the matriarch. The shift in social activities reflected attempts by the juvenile and adolescent subjects to compensate for maternal absence by intensification of other affiliative social behavior and avoidance of potentially socially disruptive situation. The subjects oriented more towards kin in the absence of the matriarch, but actual time with kin decreased. Upon the return of the matriarch, the intensified some responses depressed during her absence and returned to preseparation social relationships. Play and aggressive responses declined whereas social approaches increased during maternal absences. Submissive responses declined upon the return of the matriarch, and play increased. The subjects also showed a marked, temporary increase of direct interaction, largely sniffing and grooming, with the matriarch upon her return.
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ISSN 0012-1630 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:7202854 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4171
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Author (up) Boice, R.
Title Behavioral comparability of wild and domesticated rats Type Journal Article
Year 1981 Publication Behavior Genetics Abbreviated Journal Behav Genet
Volume 11 Issue 5 Pages 545-553
Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Female; Genetics, Behavioral; Intelligence; Learning; Male; Rats/*genetics
Abstract The oft-repeated concern for the lack of behavioral comparability of domestic rats with wild forms of Rattus norvegicus is unfounded. Laboratory rats appear to show the potential for all wild-type behaviors, including the most dramatic social postures. Moreover, domestics are capable of assuming a feral existence without difficulty, one where they readily behave in a fashion indistinguishable from wild rats. The one behavioral difference that is clearly established concerns performance in laboratory learning paradigms. The superiority of domestics in these laboratory tasks speaks more to quieting the concerns of degeneracy theorists than to problems of using domestic Norway rats as subjects representative of their species.
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ISSN 0001-8244 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:7325955 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4144
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