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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Milouchine, V.N. openurl 
  Title The role of WHO in international studies on the ecology of influenza in animals Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Abbreviated Journal Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis  
  Volume 3 Issue 1-2 Pages 25-31  
  Keywords Animals; Birds/microbiology; Horses/microbiology; Humans; Influenza A virus/*isolation & purification/physiology; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/microbiology/*veterinary; Swine/microbiology; World Health Organization  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title (up) Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0147-9571 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:6258848 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2692  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Hintz, R.L. openurl 
  Title Genetics of performance in the horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Journal of Animal Science Abbreviated Journal J. Anim Sci.  
  Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 582-594  
  Keywords Animals; Exertion; Horses/*genetics/physiology; Sports  
  Abstract Criteria used to measure performance, environmental factors that influence performance and estimates of heritability are needed to estimate genetic differences. Published heritability estimates of various measures of performance in the horse are summarized. The average heritability estimates of pulling ability and cutting ability are .25 and .04, respectively. Heritability estimates are .18, .19 and .17 for log of earnings from jumping, 3-day event and dressage performance, respectively. Heritability estimates of performance rates, log of earnings, earnings, handicap weight, best handicap weight, time and best time for the Thoroughbred are .55, .49, .09, .49, .33, .15 and .23, respectively. Heritability estimates of log of earnings, earnings, time and best time for the trotter are .41, .20, .32, and .25, respectively. The heritability estimate of best time for the pacer is .23. The effectiveness of selection will depend on which performance trait is to be improved.  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title (up) Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-8812 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:7440446 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3758  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Jeffcott, L.B.; Dalin, G. openurl 
  Title Natural rigaidity of the horse's backbone Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 101-108  
  Keywords Animals; Back Pain/physiopathology/veterinary; Horses/*anatomy & histology/physiology; Spine/*anatomy & histology/physiology  
  Abstract The functional anatomy of the thoracolumbar (TL) spine is considered in relation to the horse's ability to perform at speed and to jump. The morphological features quite clearly show the relative inflexibility of the equine back and this was confirmed by some experimental studies. Fresh post mortem specimens from 5 Thoroughbreds were used to estimate the limits of dorsoventral movement of the TL spine from mid-thoracic to the cranial lumbar (T10-L2). The individual spinous processes could be moved a mean 1.1-6.0 mm on maximum ventroflexion and 0.8-3.8 mm on dorsiflexion. The overall flexibility of the back was found to be 53.1 mm. Caudal to the mid-point of the back (T13) there was virtually no lateral or rotatory movement of the spine possible. The pathogenesis of some of the common causes of back trouble are discussed including the so-called vertebral subluxation and its treatment by chiropractic manipulation. From an anatomical viewpoint, this condition appears to be a misnomer and may simply be attributable to muscular imbalance leading to aspastic scoliosis.  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:6447593 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3811  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Hasumi, H. openurl 
  Title Kinetic studies on isomerization of ferricytochrome c in alkaline and acid pH ranges by the circular dichroism stopped-flow method Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Abbreviated Journal Biochim Biophys Acta  
  Volume 626 Issue 2 Pages 265-276  
  Keywords Circular Dichroism; *Cytochrome c Group; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isomerism; Kinetics; Spectrophotometry  
  Abstract The isomerization of horse-heart ferricytochrome c caused by varying pH was kinetically studied by using circular dichroism (CD) and optical absorption stopped-flow techniques. In the pH range of 7--13, the existence of the three different forms of ferricytochrome c (pH less than 10, pH 10--12, and pH greater than 12) was indicated from the statistical difference CD spectra. On the basis of analyses of the stopped-flow traces in the near-ultraviolet and Soret wavelength regions, the isomerization of ferricytochrome c from neutral form to the above three alkaline forms was interpreted as follows (1) below pH 10, the replacement of the intrinsic ligand of methionine residue by lysine residue occurs; (2) between pH 10 and 12, the uncoupling of the polypeptide chain from close proximity of the heme group occurs first, followed by the interconversion of the intrinsic ligands; and (3) above pH 12, hydroxide form of ferricytochrome c is formed, though the replacement of the intrinsic ligand by extrinsic ligands may occur via different routes from those below pH 12. The CD changes at 288 nm and in the Soret region caused by the pH-jump (down) from pH 6.0 to 1.6 were compared with the appearance of the 620-nm absorption band ascribed to the formation of the high-spin form of ferricytochrome c. Both CD and absorption changes indicated that the isomerization at pH 1.6 consisted of two processes: one proceeded within the dead-time (about 2 ms) of the stopped-flow apparatus and the other proceeded at a determinable rate with the apparatus. On the basis of these results, the isomerization of ferricytochrome c at pH 1.6 was explained as follows: (1) the transition from the low-spin form to the high-spin forms occurs within about 2 ms, the dead-time of the stopped-flow apparatus; and (2) the polypeptide chain is unfolded after the formation of the high-spin form.  
  Address  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0006-3002 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:6260152 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 3876  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bradley, B.L. openurl 
  Title Animal flavor types and their specific uses in compound feeds by species and age Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Fortschritte in der Tierphysiologie und Tierernahrung Abbreviated Journal Fortschr Tierphysiol Tierernahr  
  Volume Issue 11 Pages 110-122  
  Keywords Aging; *Animal Feed; Animals; Cattle; Energy Intake; *Flavoring Agents; Horses; Poultry; Smell; Species Specificity; Sweetening Agents; Swine; Taste  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title (up) Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0301-570X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:7390352 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4314  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Parry, B.W.; Gay, C.C.; McCarthy, M.A. openurl 
  Title Influence of head height on arterial blood pressure in standing horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication American Journal of Veterinary Research Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 41 Issue 10 Pages 1626-1631  
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  Notes Cited By (since 1996): 4; Export Date: 21 October 2008 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4539  
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Author Haag, E.L.; Rudman, R.; Houpt, K.A. openurl 
  Title Avoidance, maze learning and social dominance in ponies Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication J. Anim. Sci. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 50 Issue Pages 329-335  
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  Notes Cited By (since 1996): 16; Export Date: 24 October 2008 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ knut @ Serial 4593  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Houpt, K.A.; Wolski, T.R. openurl 
  Title Stability of equine hierarchies and the prevention of dominance related aggression Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Equine veterinary journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages 15-18  
  Keywords *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Feeding Behavior; Female; *Hierarchy, Social; *Horses; Humans; Male; Maternal Behavior; *Social Dominance  
  Abstract The dominance hierarchy of a herd of 10 Thoroughbred mares was determined twice, at an interval of 18 months, using paired feeding tests. Each mare's rank was correlated significantly between the 2 tests. This indicated that the hierarchy within the herd was stable. The offspring of dominant and subordinate mares were also tested for dominance in their own age groups. The offspring of dominant mares tended to be near the top of the hierarchy while those of middle and low ranking mares were not consistently found in the middle or bottom of their own hierarchies. Paired feeding tests were carried out on 8 ponies. During tests the time that each pony spent eating and the ponies' aggressive interactions were recorded. Two situations were used. Each pony-pair was tested when both ponies were in the same paddock and also when they were separated by a rail fence. The subordinate ponies spent significantly more time eating and the domonant pony was significantly less aggressive, when the pony-pair was separated by a fence than when they were in one paddock. It was concluded that the dominance hierarchies of adult horse groups changed very little over time and that the foals of dominant mares will tend to be dominant in their own age groups. Management practices can be used to reduce aggression and consequent injury that may arise in group feeding situations.  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title (up) Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:7189148 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 59  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Noë, R.; de Waal, F.B.; van Hooff, J.A. openurl 
  Title Types of dominance in a chimpanzee colony Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology Abbreviated Journal Folia Primatol (Basel)  
  Volume 34 Issue 1-2 Pages 90-110  
  Keywords Agonistic Behavior; Animals; Animals, Zoo; *Behavior, Animal; Competitive Behavior; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Hierarchy, Social; Male; *Pan troglodytes; *Social Dominance  
  Abstract This study examines to what extent the concept of dominance can be used to describe the social structure of a group of semi-free-living chimpanzees. 15 behavioural variables, based on agonistic, competitive and affinitive behaviour patterns, have been compared with respect to the interindividual directions in which they occurred. In this analysis use was made of indices that reflect the position an individual occupies in the relationship structure. These indices were calculated per individual for all variables and subjected to factor analysis and cluster analysis. As a result, 13 of the variables could be grouped in three categories which have been labelled: (1) agonistic dominance; (2) bluff dominance, and (3) competitive dominance. Whereas the top positions in the hierarchies based on the first two closely related types of dominance were occupied by the adult males, the hierarchy based on the third type was headed by several adult females.  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0015-5713 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:7439873 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 212  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Houpt, K.A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Review of some research areas of applied and theoretical interest in domestic animal behavior Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Applied Animal Ethology Abbreviated Journal Appl. Animal. Ethol.  
  Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 111-119  
  Keywords  
  Abstract There are numerous areas worthy of study in the field of domestic animal behavior or applied ethology. In this paper a few areas are offerred as particularly worthy of attention. These areas are worthwhile either because they have received little or no study and are of basic interest or because they have application to current problems of livestock production. The study of cat behavior falls in the former category. Neither the food and water sources, the reproductive success rate nor even the social interactions of cats in the large populations found in both rural and urban environments are known. Pigs as a species have already been the subjects of many behavior studies; nevertheless, there are still gaps in our knowledge of the underlying principles of swine behavior. The physiological basis of maternal behavior, for example, has not been studied in swine or in any domestic species. The sensory basis of udder location by the neonatal piglet deserves study also. Some aspects of olfactory and vocal communication of pigs have been studied, but only one of what may be a large number of pheromones of pigs has been chemically identified. The message conveyed by the vocal interactions between adult swine of the same sex is unknown, as is the role of facial and postural expressions in porcine communication. The two major problems of pig behavior under conditions of intensive livestock management are tail biting and reproductive failure. The application of behavioral techniques to these problems might help to attenuate those problems as well as broaden our understanding of normal pig behavior. Horse behavior has also been a relatively neglected field of study. Of particular interest is the significance of the flehmen gesture used by both mares and stallions in a variety of situations. Flehmen may be related to the function of the vomeronasal organ, but both observational and physiological studies should be performed to verify the hypothesis.  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 508  
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