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Author Harvey, P.H.; Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Mace, G.M. url  openurl
  Title Brain size and ecology in small mammals and primates Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Abbreviated Journal PNAS  
  Volume 77 Issue 7 Pages (down) 4387-4389  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5456  
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Author Parry, B.W.; Gay, C.C.; McCarthy, M.A. openurl 
  Title Influence of head height on arterial blood pressure in standing horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication American Journal of Veterinary Research Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 41 Issue 10 Pages (down) 1626-1631  
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  Notes Cited By (since 1996): 4; Export Date: 21 October 2008 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4539  
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Author Rubin, L.; Oppegard, C.; Hindz, H.F. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The effect of varying the temporal distribution of conditioning trials on equine learning behavior Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Journal of Animal Science Abbreviated Journal J. Anim Sci.  
  Volume 50 Issue 6 Pages (down) 1184-1187  
  Keywords Animals; Conditioning (Psychology); *Horses; *Learning  
  Abstract Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of varying the temporal distrbution of conditioning sessions on equine learning behavior. In the first experiment, 15 ponies were trained to clear a small hurdle in response to a buzzer in order to avoid a mild electric shock. Three treatments were used. One group received 10 learning trials daily, seven times a week; one group was trained in the same fashion two times a week and one group was trained once a week. The animals conditioned only once a week achieved a high level of performance in significantly fewer sessions than the ones conditioned seven times a week, although elapsed time from start of training to completion was two to three times greater for the former group. The twice-a-week group learned at an intermediate rate. In the second experiment, the ponies were rearranged into three new groups. They were taught to move backward a specific distance in response to a visual cue in order to avoid an electric shock. Again, one group was trained seven times a week, one group was trained two times and one group was trained once a week. As in the first experiment, the animals trained once a week achieved the learning criteria in significantly fewer sessions than those trained seven times a week, but, as in trial 1, elapsed time from start to finish was greater for them. The two times-a-week group learned at a rate in-between the rates of the other two groups.  
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  ISSN 0021-8812 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:7400060 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3558  
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Author Mader, D.R.; Price, E.O. url  openurl
  Title Discrimination learning in horses: effects of breed, age and social dominance Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Journal of animal science Abbreviated Journal J. Anim Sci.  
  Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages (down) 962-965  
  Keywords Aging; Animals; *Discrimination Learning; Female; Horses/*physiology; *Social Dominance  
  Abstract The discrimination learning ability of Quarter Horses and Thoroughbreds was compared by means of visual cues in a three-choice test with food as a reward. Quarter Horses learned significantly faster than Thoroughbreds, and learning progressed more rapidly for both breeds in a second discrimination task. Significant negative correlations were observed between age and rate of learning. Quarter Horses tended to be less reactive than Thoroughbreds, but individual emotional reactivity ratings and learning scores were not correlated. No correlation was found between social dominance and learning scores. Learning studies with horses may provide a better understanding of the behavioral traits that influence trainability in this species.  
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  ISSN 0021-8812 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:7390949 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 679  
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Author Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L.; Marler, P. openurl 
  Title Monkey responses to three different alarm calls: evidence of predator classification and semantic communication Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 210 Issue 4471 Pages (down) 801-803  
  Keywords *Animal Communication; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Cercopithecidae/*physiology; *Fear; Female; Male; Predatory Behavior; Vocalization, Animal  
  Abstract Vervet monkeys give different alarm calls to different predators. Recordings of the alarms played back when predators were absent caused the monkeys to run into trees for leopard alarms, look up for eagle alarms, and look down for snake alarms. Adults call primarily to leopards, martial eagles, and pythons, but infants give leopard alarms to various mammals, eagle alarms to many birds, and snake alarms to various snakelike objects. Predator classification improves with age and experience.  
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  ISSN 0036-8075 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:7433999 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 351  
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Author Hintz, R.L. openurl 
  Title Genetics of performance in the horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Journal of Animal Science Abbreviated Journal J. Anim Sci.  
  Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages (down) 582-594  
  Keywords Animals; Exertion; Horses/*genetics/physiology; Sports  
  Abstract Criteria used to measure performance, environmental factors that influence performance and estimates of heritability are needed to estimate genetic differences. Published heritability estimates of various measures of performance in the horse are summarized. The average heritability estimates of pulling ability and cutting ability are .25 and .04, respectively. Heritability estimates are .18, .19 and .17 for log of earnings from jumping, 3-day event and dressage performance, respectively. Heritability estimates of performance rates, log of earnings, earnings, handicap weight, best handicap weight, time and best time for the Thoroughbred are .55, .49, .09, .49, .33, .15 and .23, respectively. Heritability estimates of log of earnings, earnings, time and best time for the trotter are .41, .20, .32, and .25, respectively. The heritability estimate of best time for the pacer is .23. The effectiveness of selection will depend on which performance trait is to be improved.  
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  ISSN 0021-8812 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:7440446 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3758  
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Author Meij Hs, M.J. openurl 
  Title Functional asymmetry in the motor system of the horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Abbreviated Journal S Afr J Sci  
  Volume 76 Issue Pages (down) 552-556  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1386  
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Author Bunnell, B.; Perkins, M. doi  openurl
  Title Performance correlates of social behavior and organization: Social rank and complex problem solving in crab-eating macaques (M. fascicularis) Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Primates Abbreviated Journal Primates  
  Volume 21 Issue 4 Pages (down) 515-523  
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  Abstract Abstract  Seventeen male crab-eating macaques, drawn from two captive troops, were tested on a series of complex problem solving tasks in a Wisconsin General Test Apparatus (wgta). The animals were trained on a series of 6-trial object quality learning set problems followed by a series of 10-trial object quality learning set problems. They were then given problems in which the correct stimulus object was reversed part way through the problem. After the animals reached criterion on this task, the reversal learning set was then extinguished. High ranking animals made more intraproblem errors than low ranking animals on the 6-trial problems, but there was no relationship between social status and the rapidity with which the object quality learning set was established. Animals that received overtraining on the 6-trial problems transferred their learning virtually intact to the 10-trial problems; however, high ranking animals without overtraining made more errors than low ranking animals. On reversal learning and reversal extinction, high ranking animals made more errors on critical trials, indicating that they formed and extinguished the reversal set more slowly than low ranking animals. Object quality sets, as measured by trial-2 performance, were not affected by the reversal conditions.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2082  
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Author Meyer H, openurl 
  Title Ein Beitrag zur Regulation der Futteraufnahme beim Pferd Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Abbreviated Journal Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr  
  Volume 87 Issue Pages (down) 401-424  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1390  
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Author Bunnell, B.; Gore, W.; Perkins, M. doi  openurl
  Title Performance correlates of social behavior and organization: Social rank and reversal learning in crab-eating macaques (M. fascicularis) Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Primates Abbreviated Journal Primates  
  Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages (down) 376-388  
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  Abstract Abstract  Seventeen male crab-eating macaques drawn from two captive troops, were tested on a brightness discrimination, reversal learning task. Fourteen of these animals completed ten reversals. It was found that the performance of the three highest ranking animals from each troop, taken together, was poorer than that of the lower ranking animals that were tested. The high ranking animals made more errors before reaching criterion on both initial learning and the reversal problems. Analysis of error patterns revealed that, while the high ranking animals had no more difficulty than the others in withholding their responses to the previously correct stimulus following reversals, they did not adopt the correct strategy as soon as the low ranking animals. The results have been interpreted in terms of a carry-over of a hypothetical factor or factors resulting from pressures created by the ongoing social dynamics involved in establishing and maintaining a given social rank at the time laboratory testing occurred.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 2083  
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