| Records |
| Author |
Ayeni, J.S.O. |
| Title |
Utilization of waterholes in Tsavo National Park (East) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication  |
African Journal of Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
305-323 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Summary Utilization of waterholes by wildlife was studied between April, 1973 and July, 1974 in Tsavo National Park (East), south of the Voi river. Seasonality was an important factor which influenced the various aspects of waterhole utilization. The numbers of the herbivores utilizing the waterholes increased during the dry season but fell during the rains. Some ungulates also moved near to the artificial waterholes in the dry season but moved away from them during the rains when they drank from natural water-holes formed in clay pans filled with rain water. A basic pattern of waterhole utilization dominated by small (adult-size) species during day-time 06.00–18.00 hours and larger species at night 18.00–06.00 hours is described. The separation in times of arrival and deparature peaks of waterhole utilization, and average coincidence of percentages of paired species populations are used to show that big-game attained a measure of time-spaced ecological separation at the waterholes. The water relations of some day-time and night-time drinkers are discussed. From the baseline study the management implications of the development of additional waterholes in the park are discussed. |
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| Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1365-2028 |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5364 |
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| Author |
Scherer, W.F.; Madalengoitia, J.; Flores, W.; Acosta, M. |
| Title |
Ecologic studies of Venezuelan encephalitis virus in Peru during 1970-1971 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
American Journal of Epidemiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Epidemiol |
| Volume |
101 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
347-355 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Cricetinae/immunology; Culicidae/microbiology; *Disease Vectors; Ecology; *Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/immunology/isolation & purification; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/immunology/microbiology/transmission; Female; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Horses/immunology; Humans; Neutralization Tests; Peru |
| Abstract |
Venezuelan encephalitis (VE) virus has intermittently produced epidemics and equine epizootics on the dry Pacific coastal plain of Peru since at least the 1930's. However, evidence that the virus exists in the Amazon region of Peru to the east of the Andes mountains was not obtained until antibodies were found in human sera collected in 1965, and 10 strains of the virus were isolated in a forest near the city of Iquitos, Peru during February and March 1971. Eight strains came from mosquitoes and two from dead sentinel hamsters. Three hamsters exposed in forests near Iquitos developed VE virus antibodies suggesting that hamster-benign strains also exist there. Antibody tests of equine sera revealed no evidence that VE virus was actively cycling during the late 1950's or 1960's in southern coastal Peru, where equine epizootics had occurred in the 1930's and 1940's. In northern coastal Peru bordering Ecuador, antibodies were present in equine sera, presumably residual from the 1969 outbreak caused by subtype I virus, since neutralizing antibody titers were higher to subtype I virus than to subtypes III or IV. No VE virus was detected in this northern region during the dry season of 1970 by use of sentinel hamsters. The possibility is considered that VE epidemics and equine epizootics on the Pacific coast of Peru are caused by movements of virus in infected vertebrates traversing Andean passes or in infected vertebrates or mosquitoes carried in airplanes from the Amazon region. |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0002-9262 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:235838 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2705 |
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| Author |
Sudia, W.D.; Fernandez, L.; Newhouse, V.F.; Sanz, R.; Calisher, C.H. |
| Title |
Arbovirus vector ecology studies in Mexico during the 1972 Venezuelan equine encephalitis outbreak |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
American Journal of Epidemiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Epidemiol |
| Volume |
101 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
51-58 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Arboviruses/isolation & purification; Culicidae/microbiology; Disease Vectors/*microbiology; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/isolation & purification; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/*isolation & purification; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/isolation & purification; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/epidemiology/*transmission/veterinary; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/*transmission; Horses; Insect Vectors/microbiology; Mexico |
| Abstract |
Virus vector studies were conducted in the States of Durango, Chihuahua, and Tamaulipas, Mexico, in June and July 1972. Apparently only a low level of Venzuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus transmission to equines occured at the time of the study, and the infection was restricted to areas which had not experienced overt activity during the preceding year. The low level of infection was associated with a scarcity of mosquitoes. The IB (epidemic) strain of VEE virus was isolated from two pools of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis (Theo.) and the blood of one symptomatic equine. The low mosquito population, the relatively few equine cases observed, and the absence of reports of VEE human disease from the outbreak area suggested VEE virus persistence through a low-level mosquito-equine transmission cycle. Other studies have already indicated that wild vertebrates play no more than a minor role in outbreaks of epidemic VEE. Mosquito collections made in areas of the states of Durango, Chihuahua, and Tamaulipas, where considerable epidemic activity of VEE had occurred in 1971, failed to reveal evidence of VEE virus persistence. Twenty-nine ioslations of other arboviruses were also made in these studies: including 22 of St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE), 2 of Flanders virus, 1 of Turlock virus, 1 of Trivittatus virus of the California Group, 1 of western equine encephalitis virus (VEE), and 2 (from Santa Rose) which possibly represent a hitherto unknown virus in the Bunyamwera Group. These are the first reports of SLE virus isolations from mosquitoes in Mexico, and the first demonstration of Trivittatus, VEE Turlock and Flanders viruses in Mexico from any source. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0002-9262 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:235213 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2706 |
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| Author |
Syme, G.J.; Syme, L.A. |
| Title |
The concept of spatial leadership in farm animals: An experiment with sheep |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
Part 4 |
Pages |
921-925 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The concept of spatial leadership as applied to farm animals is discussed with particular emphasis on methodological problems. Using three experimental procedures forced spatial leadership orders were measured in a group of Romney ewes. Comparisons between orders showed the effects of both the different experimental tasks and the social context on leadership structure. Both these variables were found to affect the orders obtained. The results are interpreted in terms of the utility of the concept of spatial leadership in domestic animals and the necessity for more systematic procedural investigations in this area. |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Serial |
2039 |
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| Author |
Wood, F.E.; Cusanovich, M.A. |
| Title |
The reaction of Euglena gracilis cytochrome c-552 with nonphysiological oxidants and reductants |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
168 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
333-342 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The reaction of Euglena gracilis cytochrome c-552 (cytochrome f) with the nonphysiological reactants potassium ferrocyanide, potassium ferricyanide, sodium ascorbate, sodium dithionite, and Chromatium vinosum high potential nonheme iron protein was studied by stopped-flow and temperature-jump kinetic methods. The reaction of the purified, water-soluble protein with the reactants was investigated as a function of ionic strength, pH, and temperature. The results demonstrated that reduction and oxidation takes place at a negatively charged site on the cytochrome c-552 surface. Participation of specific amino acid residues in electron transfer is implicated from the pH results. The results obtained for the nonphysiological reactions of cytochrome c-552 are compared with available data for horse heart cytochrome c and Rhodospirillum rubrum cytochrome c2. The results strongly suggest that Euglena gracilis cytochrome c-552 undergoes nonphysiological oxidation and reduction by a mechanism different from that found for cytochrome c or cytochrome c2. |
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no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
3987 |
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| Author |
Bergmann, H.H.; Klaus, S.; Muller, F.; Wiesner, J. |
| Title |
[Individuality and type specificity in the songs of a population of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae)] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
| Volume |
55 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
94-114 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Birds; Female; *Individuality; Male; Time Factors; *Vocalization, Animal |
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German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Individualitat und Artspezifitat in den Gesangsstrophen einer Population des Haselhuhns (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae) |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0005-7959 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:1191217 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4152 |
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| Author |
Jensen, G.D.; Gordon, B.N.; Wolfheim, J. |
| Title |
Nursing behavior in infant monkeys: a sequence analysis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
| Volume |
55 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
115-127 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Dependency (Psychology); *Feeding Behavior; Female; *Macaca; Male; Sensory Deprivation; Social Behavior; Spatial Behavior |
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English |
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0005-7959 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:1191212 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4153 |
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| Author |
Jallon, J.M.; Risler, Y.; Iwatsubo, M. |
| Title |
Beef liver L-Glutamate dehydrogenase mechanism: presteady state study of the catalytic reduction of 2.oxoglutarate by NADPH |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biochem Biophys Res Commun |
| Volume |
67 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1527-1536 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Cattle; Glutamate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kinetics; Liver/*enzymology; Nadp; Oxidation-Reduction; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet |
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English |
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0006-291X |
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| Notes |
PMID:1038 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Admin @ knut @ |
Serial |
21 |
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| Author |
Bayley, P.; Martin, S.; Anson, M. |
| Title |
Temperature-jump circular dichroism: observation of chiroptical relaxation processes at millisecond time resolution |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biochem Biophys Res Commun |
| Volume |
66 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
303-308 |
| Keywords |
*Alcohol Oxidoreductases/metabolism; Animals; Circular Dichroism; Horses; Kinetics; Liver/enzymology; Mathematics; Protein Conformation; Temperature; Time Factors |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0006-291X |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:1172440 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3816 |
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| Author |
Schmoldt, A.; Benthe, H.F.; Haberland, G. |
| Title |
Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Biochemical pharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biochem Pharmacol |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
1639-1641 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Digitoxigenin/metabolism; Digitoxin/*metabolism; Hydroxylation; Male; Microsomes, Liver/*metabolism; NADP/metabolism; Rats; Time Factors |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0006-2952 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:10 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Admin @ knut @ |
Serial |
20 |
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