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Author  |
Ayeni, J.S.O. |
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Title |
Utilization of waterholes in Tsavo National Park (East) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
African Journal of Ecology |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
305-323 |
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Abstract |
Summary Utilization of waterholes by wildlife was studied between April, 1973 and July, 1974 in Tsavo National Park (East), south of the Voi river. Seasonality was an important factor which influenced the various aspects of waterhole utilization. The numbers of the herbivores utilizing the waterholes increased during the dry season but fell during the rains. Some ungulates also moved near to the artificial waterholes in the dry season but moved away from them during the rains when they drank from natural water-holes formed in clay pans filled with rain water. A basic pattern of waterhole utilization dominated by small (adult-size) species during day-time 06.00–18.00 hours and larger species at night 18.00–06.00 hours is described. The separation in times of arrival and deparature peaks of waterhole utilization, and average coincidence of percentages of paired species populations are used to show that big-game attained a measure of time-spaced ecological separation at the waterholes. The water relations of some day-time and night-time drinkers are discussed. From the baseline study the management implications of the development of additional waterholes in the park are discussed. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1365-2028 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5364 |
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Author |
Bannikov, A.G. |
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Title |
Recent status of the wild ass in Mongolia |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
IUCN Bulletin |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
16 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2219 |
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Author |
Bayley, P.; Martin, S.; Anson, M. |
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Title |
Temperature-jump circular dichroism: observation of chiroptical relaxation processes at millisecond time resolution |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biochem Biophys Res Commun |
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Volume |
66 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
303-308 |
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Keywords |
*Alcohol Oxidoreductases/metabolism; Animals; Circular Dichroism; Horses; Kinetics; Liver/enzymology; Mathematics; Protein Conformation; Temperature; Time Factors |
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0006-291X |
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PMID:1172440 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3816 |
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Author |
Belonje, P.C.; van Niekerk, C.H. |
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Title |
A review of the influence of nutrition upon the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the mare |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fertil Suppl |
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23 |
Pages |
167-169 |
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Animals; Body Weight; *Diet; *Estrus; Female; Fertility; Fetal Resorption/prevention & control; Horses/*physiology; Pregnancy |
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Attention is drawn to the beneficial effect of improved nutrition during winter and early spring on the ovarian activity of mares. Furthermore, the necessity of an adequate plane of nutrition during early pregnancy to prevent embryonic resorption is stressed. |
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0449-3087 |
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Notes |
PMID:1060772 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2225 |
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Author |
Bergmann, H.H.; Klaus, S.; Muller, F.; Wiesner, J. |
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Title |
[Individuality and type specificity in the songs of a population of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae)] |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
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55 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
94-114 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Birds; Female; *Individuality; Male; Time Factors; *Vocalization, Animal |
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German |
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Original Title |
Individualitat und Artspezifitat in den Gesangsstrophen einer Population des Haselhuhns (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae) |
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0005-7959 |
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Notes |
PMID:1191217 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4152 |
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Author |
Czerlinski, G.H.; Wagner, M.; Erickson, J.O.; Theorell, H. |
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Title |
Chemical relaxation studies on the system liver alcohol dehydrogenase, NADH and imidazole |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Acta Chemica Scandinavica. Series B: Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Chem Scand B |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
797-810 |
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Keywords |
Alcohol Oxidoreductases/*metabolism; Animals; Computers; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Imidazoles/*metabolism; Kinetics; Liver/enzymology/*metabolism; Mathematics; Models, Chemical; NAD/*metabolism; Time Factors |
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Abstract |
Several years ago, Theorell and Czerlinski conducted experiments on the system of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and imidazole, using the first version of the temperature jump apparatus with detection of changes in fluorescence. These early experiments were repeated with improved instrumentation and confirmed the early experiments in general terms. However, the improved detection system allowed to measure a slight concentration dependence of the relaxation time of around 3 ms. Furthermore, the chemical relaxation time was smaller than the one determined earlier (by factor 2). The data were evaluated much more rigorously than before, allowing an appropriate interpretation of the results. The observed relaxation time is largely due to rate constants in an interconversion of ternary complexes, which are faster than three (of the four) dissociation rate constants, determined previously by Theorell and McKinley-McKee.1,2 This fact contributed to earlier difficulties of finding any concentration dependence. However, the binding of imidazole to the binary enzyme-coenzyme complex can be made to couple kinetically into the interconversion rate of the two ternary complexes. The observed signal derives largely from the ternary complex(es). A substantial fluorescence signal change is associated with the observed relaxation process, suggesting a relocation of the imidazole in reference to the nicotinamide moiety of the bound coenzyme. Nine models are considered with two types of coupling of pre-equilibria (none-all). Quantitative evaluations favor the model with two ternary complexes connected by an interconversion outside the four-step (bimolecular) cycle. The ternary complex outside the cycle has much higher fluorescence yield than the one inside. The interconversion equilibrium is near unity for imidazole. If it would be shifted very much to the side of the “dead-end” complex (as in isobutyramide?!), stimulating action could not take place. |
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0302-4369 |
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Notes |
PMID:882 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
3887 |
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Author |
Douglas Rh, G.O. |
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Title |
Development of the equine fetus and placenta |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fert (Suppl) |
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Volume |
23 |
Issue |
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Pages |
495-498 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1023 |
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Author |
Dunn, M.F.; Branlant, G. |
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Title |
Roles of zinc ion and reduced coenzyme in horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase catalysis. The mechanism of aldehyde activation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biochemistry |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
3176-3182 |
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Keywords |
*Alcohol Oxidoreductases/metabolism; Aldehydes/*pharmacology; Animals; Binding Sites; Enzyme Activation/drug effects; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Liver/enzymology; *NAD/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology; Oxidation-Reduction; Protein Binding; Spectrophotometry; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Temperature; *Zinc/pharmacology |
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Abstract |
1,4,5,6-Tetrahydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (H2NADH) has been investigated as a reduced coenzyme analog in the reaction between trans-4-N,N-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (I) (lambdamax 398 nm, epsilonmax 3.15 X 10-4 M-minus 1 cm-minus 1) and the horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase-NADH complex. These equilibrium binding and temperature-jump kinetic studies establish the following. (i) Substitution of H2NADH for NADH limits reaction to the reversible formation of a new chromophoric species, lambdamax 468 nm, epsilonmax 5.8 x 10-4 M-minus 1 cm-minus 1. This chromophore is demonstrated to be structurally analogous to the transient intermediate formed during the reaction of I with the enzyme-NADH complex [Dunn, M. F., and Hutchison, J. S. (1973), Biochemistry 12, 4882]. (ii) The process of intermediate formation with the enzyme-NADH complex is independent of pH over the range 6.13-10.54. Although studies were limited to the pH range 5.98-8.72, a similar pH independence appears to hold for the H2NADH system. (iii) Within the ternary complex, I is bound within van der Waal's contact distance of the coenzyme nicotinamide ring. (iv) Formation of the transient intermediate does not involve covalent modification of coenzyme. Based on these findings, we conclude that zinc ion has a Lewis acid function in facilitating the chemical activation of the aldehyde carbonyl for reduction, and that reduced coenzyme plays a noncovalent effector role in this substrate activating step. |
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0006-2960 |
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Notes |
PMID:238585 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3817 |
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Author |
Eisenmann V, |
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Title |
Nouvelles interpretations des restes d`équides de Nihowan Equus teilhardi Nov.Sp |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Geobios |
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8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
125-134 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1047 |
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Author |
Feist, J.D.; McCullough, D.R. |
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Title |
Reproduction in feral horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fertil Suppl |
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Volume |
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Issue |
23 |
Pages |
13-18 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; Female; Horses/*physiology; Leadership; Male; Maternal Behavior; Population; Reproduction; *Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Dominance; Sucking Behavior |
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Abstract |
A behavioural study of feral horses was conducted on the Pryor Mountain Wild Horse Range in the western United States. All 270 horses on the Range were identified individually. The sex ratio was nearly balanced. Foal to adult female ratio was 43-2:100. Morality was concentrated among foals and old horses. Horses were organized as forty-four harem groups each with a dominant stallion, one to two immature stallions, one to three immature mares, one to three adult mares and their yearling and foal offspring, and 23 bachelor groups of one to eight stallions. Harem groups were quite stable year-round because of dominance and leadership by the stallions and group fidelity by mares and their offsring. Most changes occurred during the breeding season and involved immature females. Defeat of dominant stallions was infrequent. Immature males were tolerated because of their submissive behaviour. Bachelor stallion groups were inherently unstable. Mares came into heat after foaling in May/June, and were mated by harem stallions only. |
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0449-3087 |
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PMID:1060766 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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1964 |
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