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Author Nathan J. Emery url  openurl
  Title The Evolution of Social Cognition Type Book Chapter
  Year 2005 Publication The Cognitive Neuroscience of Social BehaviourGarten Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Although this bookis focusedon the cognitive neuroscience ofhuman social behaviour, an

understandingofsocial cognition in non-human animals is critical for unravellingthe neural basis of

social cognition in humans as well as the selective pressures that have shapedthe evolution ofcomplex

social cognition. Thanks to methodological limitations, we know little about the relationships between

certain biochemical andelectrophysiological properties ofthe human brain andhow theycompute the

behaviour andmental states ofother individuals. Traditional techniques for examiningneural function

in humans, such as event-relatedpotentials (ERP),positron emission tomography(PET),and

functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI),are constrainedbythe fact that subjects are placed

either into an immoveable scanner with a lot ofbackgroundnoise or wiredup with dozens of

electrodes that are sensitive to slight movements. The possibilityofscanningor recordingbrain waves

from two individuals that are physicallyinteractingsociallyis technicallyimpossible at present

(however, see Montague et al, 2002 for a new methodfor simultaneouslyscanningtwo individuals

interactingvia a computer).

The onlywayto understandthe neurocognitive architecture ofhuman social behaviour is to examine

similar social processes in both human andnon-human animal minds andmake comparisons at the

species level. An additional argument is that traditional human socio-cognitive tasks are dependent on

the use ofstories, cartoons andverbal cues andinstructions (Heberlein & Adolphs, this volume)which

themselves will elicit specific neural responses that have to be eliminatedfrom neural responses

specificallyrelatedto mindreading. Therefore, the development ofnon-verbal tasks wouldprovide a

breakthrough for studies in non-linguistic animals, pre-verbal human infants andhuman cognitive

neuroimaging.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Psychology Press Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 543  
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Author BRYSON, JOANNA J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title EVIDENCE OF MODULARITY FROM PRIMATE ERRORS DURING TASK LEARNING Type Conference Volume
  Year Publication MODELING LANGUAGE, COGNITION AND ACTION Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The last two decades have seen a great deal of theorising and speculation about

the modular nature of human intelligence, as well as a rise in use of modular

architectures in artificial intelligence. Nevertheless, whether such models of natural

intelligence are well supported is still an issue of debate. In this paper, I propose

that the most important criteria for modularity is specialised representations. I

present a modular model of primate learning of the transitive inference task, and

propose an extension to this model which would explain task-learning results in

other domains. I also briefly relate this work to both neuroscience and established

AI learning architectures.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 605  
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Author Nudds, M.; Hurley, S. isbn  openurl
  Title Rational Animals? Type Book Whole
  Year 2006 Publication Oxford University Press Abbreviated Journal Oxf. Univ. Pr.  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract To what extent can animal behaviour be described as rational? What does it even mean to describe behaviour as rational? This book focuses on one of the major debates in science today – how closely does mental processing in animals resemble mental processing in humans. It addresses the question of whether and to what extent non-human animals are rational, that is, whether any animal behaviour can be regarded as the result of a rational thought processes. It does this with attention to three key questions, which recur throughout the book and which have both empirical and philosophical aspects: What kinds of behavioural tasks can animals successfully perform? What if any mental processes must be postulated to explain their performance at these tasks? What properties must processes have to count as rational? The book is distinctive in pursuing these questions not only in relation to our closest relatives, the primates, whose intelligence usually gets the most attention, but also in relation to birds and dolphins, where striking results are also being obtained. Some chapters focus on a particular species. They describe some of the extraordinary and complex behaviour of these species – using tools in novel ways to solve foraging problems, for example, or behaving in novel ways to solve complex social problems – and ask whether such behaviour should be explained in rational or merely mechanistic terms. Other chapters address more theoretical issues and ask, for example, what it means for behaviour to be rational, and whether rationality can be understood in the absence of language. The book includes many of the world's leading figures doing empirical work on rationality in primates, dolphins, and birds, as well as distinguished philosophers of mind and science. The book includes an editors' introduction which summarises the philosophical and empirical work presented, and draws together the issues discussed by the contributors.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 0198528272 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 608  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Schnall, Simone; Gattis,Merideth url  openurl
  Title Transitive Inference by Visual Reasoning Type Conference Volume
  Year 1998 Publication Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 929-934  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Two experiments are reported that investigated the influence

of linear spatial organization on transitive inference

performance. Reward/no-reward relations between

overlapping pairs of elements were presented in a context of

linear spatial order or random spatial order. Participants in

the linear arrangement condition showed evidence for visual

reasoning: They systematically mapped spatial relations to

conceptual relation and used the spatial relations to make

inferences on a reasoning task in a new spatial context. We

suggest that linear ordering may be a “good figure”, by

constituting a parsimonious representation for the integration

of premises, as well as for the inferencing process. The late

emergence of transitive inference in children may be the

result of limited cognitive capacity, which --unless an

external spatial array is available --constrains the

construction of an internal spatial array.
 
  Address  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 610  
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Author Allen, C. url  isbn
openurl 
  Title Transitive inference in animals: Reasoning or conditioned associations? Type Book Chapter
  Year 2006 Publication Rational Animals? Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 175-186  
  Keywords  
  Abstract It is widely accepted that many species of nonhuman animals appear to engage in transitive inference,

producing appropriate responses to novel pairings of non-adjacent members of an ordered series

without previous experience of these pairings. Some researchers have taken this capability as

providing direct evidence that these animals reason. Others resist such declarations, favouring instead

explanations in terms of associative conditioning. Associative accounts of transitive inference have

been refined in application to a simple 5-element learning task that is the main paradigm for

laboratory investigations of the phenomenon, but it remains unclear how well those accounts

generalise to more information-rich environments such as social hierarchies which may contain scores

of individuals, and where rapid learning is important. The case of transitive inference is an example of

a more general dispute between proponents of associative accounts and advocates of more cognitive

accounts of animal behaviour. Examination of the specific details of transitive inference suggests

some lessons for the wider debate.
 
  Address Texas A&M University  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Oxford University Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor Hurley, S.; Nudds, M.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-0-19-852827-2 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 611  
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Author Gangemi, A.; Pisanelli, D.M.; Steve, G. openurl 
  Title Understanding systematic conceptual structures in polysemous medical terms Type Journal Article
  Year 2000 Publication Proceedings / AMIA ... Annual Symposium. AMIA Symposium Abbreviated Journal Proc AMIA Symp  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 285-289  
  Keywords *Linguistics; *Terminology; Vocabulary, Controlled  
  Abstract Polysemy is a bottleneck for the demanding needs of semantic data management. We suggest the importance of a well-founded conceptual analysis for understanding some systematic structures underlying polysemy in the medical lexicon. We present some cases studies, which exploit the methods (ontological integration and general theories) and tools (description logics and ontology libraries) of the ONIONS methodology defined elsewhere by the authors. This paper addresses an aspect (systematic metomymies) of the project we are involved in, which investigates the feasibility of building a large-scale ontology library of medicine that integrates the most important medical terminology banks.  
  Address Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR Roma, Italy  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1531-605X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:11079890 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 613  
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Author ALEXANDER, F openurl 
  Title Digestion in the horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1963 Publication Zoologische Garten Abbreviated Journal Zool. Garten.  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 259-268  
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  Notes <a href=“http://references.equine-behaviour.de/klingel.htm”>from Prof. Hans Klingels Equine Reference List</a> Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 636  
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Author Alverdes, Friedrich openurl 
  Title Tiersoziologie Type Book Whole
  Year 1925 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 152  
  Keywords Psychology, Comparative.  
  Abstract Forschungen zur Völkerpsychologie und Soziologie ; 1  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher C. L. Hirschfeld, Place of Publication Leipzig Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes from Prof. Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 639  
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Author ANGLE M, et al openurl 
  Title Androgenes in feral stallions Type Conference Volume
  Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 31-38  
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  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Laramie Editor  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Prof. Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 641  
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Author Antonius, O. openurl 
  Title Zur Frage der Zähmung des Onager bei den alten Sumerern Type Journal Article
  Year Publication Abbreviated Journal l.  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 477-484  
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  Language German Summary Language Original Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Prof. Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 644  
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