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Author |
ALTMANN, M |
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Title |
A study of behaviour in a horse-mule group |
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Journal Article |
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1951 |
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Sociometry |
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Sociometry |
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14 |
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4 |
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351-354 |
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from Prof. Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
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638 |
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Author |
Gates, S. |
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Title |
A Study of home ranges of free ranging Exmoore ponies |
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Journal Article |
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1979 |
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Mammal Revision |
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Mamm. Rev. |
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9 |
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:3-18 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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765 |
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Author |
Cumming Robb R, |
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Title |
A study of mutations in evolution |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1935 |
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J Genetics |
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31 |
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39-52 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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999 |
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Author |
Alexander, F. |
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Title |
A study of parotid salivation in the horse |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1966 |
Publication |
The Journal of physiology |
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J Physiol |
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184 |
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3 |
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646-656 |
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Animals; Atropine/*pharmacology; Bicarbonates/metabolism; Calcium/metabolism; Chlorides/metabolism; Horses; Mastication/*physiology; Parotid Gland/*physiology; Pilocarpine/*pharmacology; Potassium/metabolism; Salivation/*drug effects; Sodium/metabolism; Tetracaine/*pharmacology |
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English |
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0022-3751 |
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PMID:5963737 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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119 |
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Author |
Mennecke, B.E.; Townsend, A.M.; Hayes, D.J.; Lonergan, S.M. |
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Title |
A study of the factors that influence consumer attitudes toward beef products using the conjoint market analysis tool |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
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Journal of Animal Science |
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J. Anim Sci. |
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jas.2006-495- |
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This study utilizes an analysis technique commonly used in marketing, the conjoint method, to examine the relative utilities of a set of beef steak characteristics considered by a national sample of 1,432 US consumers, as well as additional localized samples representing undergraduate students at a business college and in an animal science department. The analyses indicate that among all respondents, region of origin is by far the most important characteristic; this is followed by animal breed, traceability, animal feed, and beef quality. Alternatively, the cost of cut, farm ownership, the use (or non-use) of growth promoters, and whether the product is guaranteed tender were the least important factors. Results for animal science undergraduates are similar to the aggregate results except that these students emphasized beef quality at the expense of traceability and the non-use of growth promoters. Business students also emphasized region of origin but then emphasized traceability and cost. The ideal steak for the national sample is from a locally produced choice Angus, fed a mixture of grain and grass that is traceable to the farm or origin. If the product was not produced locally respondents indicated that their preferred production states are, in order from most to least preferred, Iowa, Texas, Nebraska and Kansas. |
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10.2527/jas.2006-495 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2944 |
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Author |
Grzimek M, G.B. |
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A study of the game of the Serengeti plains |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1960 |
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Z Säugetierk |
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25 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Serial |
1152 |
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Author |
Ödberg, F.O. |
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Title |
A Study of the Hearing Ability of Horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
82-84 |
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Abstract |
SUMMARY The ability of 10 horses to hear frequencies between 14 and 25 Kc/s was tested. The horses appeared to perceive ultrasounds by showing either fright reactions or Pryer reflexes to all of the 12 frequencies. The highest frequencies were heard less by older animals, and elicited more reactions in geldings than in mares. RÉSUMÉ Le pouvoir auditif de 10 chevaux à entendre des fréquences comprises entre 14 et 25 kilocycles a étééprouvée. Les chevaux semblent percevoir des ultrasons en réagissant par des attitudes de frayeur ou par des réflexes de PRYER à toutes les fréquences étudiées. Les fréquences les plus élevées sont perues moins facilement par les chevaux agés et provoquèrent des réactions plus vives chez les hongres que chez les juments. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Bei 10 Pferden wurde die Fähigkeit untersucht, Frequenzen zwischen 14 und 25 Kc/sec zu hören. Die Pferde schienen Ultraschall hören zu können: sie manifestierten Angst oder Pryer-Reflexe bei allen 12 Frequenzen. Die höchsten Frequenzen konnten von älteren Tieren weniger gut wahrgenommen werden; sie riefen auch bei Wallachen stärkere Reaktionen hervor als bei Stuten. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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2042-3306 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5230 |
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Author |
Ödberg Fo, |
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A study on eliminative and grazing behaviour – the use of the field by captive horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
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Equine Vet J |
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8 |
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147-149 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Serial |
1428 |
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Author |
Dalla Costa, E.; Rabolini, A.; Scelsa, A.; Canali, E.; Minero, M. |
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Title |
A study on inter-observer reliability of castration pain assessment in horses |
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Conference Article |
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2012 |
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Proceedings of the 2. International Equine Science Meeting |
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Proc. 2. Int. Equine. Sci. Mtg |
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in press |
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Horse, Pain, Behavior, inter-observer reliability |
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Abstract |
Pain evaluation is a key issue for equine welfare and it is often cause of concern because it is difficult to determine its intensity and duration. This is essential when different people are looking after the animals and they need to decide when or not giving analgesics to guarantee the welfare of the subject. The most widely used technique to determine pain in horses is identifying pain related behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine inter-observer reliability of two different assessors evaluating pain related behaviors in horses undergoing castration. 8 stallions of different breed, aged between 2 and 4 years, were included in the study. All the subjects underwent routine castration (closed technique in general anesthesia). The subjects were placed in an observation box for 5 days and their behavior was recorded for 15 minutes before the surgery and 4, 8, 16, 24 and 40 hours after intervention. Two blind observers, using a given ethogram of horse pain related behaviors modified from literature (for a review Ashley, 2005), analyzed horses behavior at each interval. Descriptive statistics and K Kendall test were performed. Observers agreed significantly assessing agitation, reluctance to move, kicking the abdomen, lethargy, rolling, attention and curiosity (P<0.05), however agreement was low for head movements, stretching, flank watching, lowered head carriage, weight shifting, abnormal movement, fixed stare. Our results show that assessing pain in horses should be a cause of concern, because different pain related behaviors are difficult to identify and to have agreement between two observers. Training of care takers of horses on identification of specific behaviors is needed to standardize pain assessment. Acknowledgements: The authors wish to thank the EU VII Framework programme (FP7-KBBE-2010-4) for financing the Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) project and for providing funds for Emanuela Dalla Costa and Michela Minero to present this paper. |
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Dalla Costa, E. |
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Xenophon Publishing |
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Wald |
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Krueger, K.; |
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978-3-9808134-26 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5579 |
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Author |
Oakenfull, E.A.; Lim, H.; Ryder, O. |
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A survey of equid mitochondrial DNA: Implications for the evolution, genetic diversity and conservation of Equus |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Conservation Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conservat Genet |
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1 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
341-355 |
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The evolution, taxonomy and conservation of the genus Equuswere investigated by examining the mitochondrial DNA sequences of thecontrol region and 12S rRNA gene. The phylogenetic analysis of thesesequences provides further evidence that the deepest node in thephylogeny of the extant species is a divergence between twolineages; one leading to the ancestor of modern horses (E.ferus, domestic and przewalskii) and the other to thezebra and ass ancestor, with the later speciation events of the zebrasand asses occurring either as one or more rapid radiations, or withextensive secondary contact after speciation. Examination of the geneticdiversity within species suggested that two of the E. hemionussubspecies (E. h. onager and E. h. kulan) onlyrecently diverged, and perhaps, are insufficiently different to beclassified as separate subspecies. The genetic divergence betweendomestic and wild forms of E. ferus (horse) and E.africanus (African ass) was no greater than expected within anequid species. In E. burchelli (plains zebra) there was anindication of mtDNA divergence between populations increasing withdistance. The implications of these results for equid conservation arediscussed and recommendations are made for conservation action. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5039 |
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