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Author Epstein H,
Title (down) Wild Ass Type Journal Article
Year 1971 Publication Abbreviated Journal In Epstein: The origin of the domestic animals of Africa. II
Volume Issue Pages 378-381
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 1070
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Author Backhaus D,
Title (down) Wie Zebras kämpfen Type Journal Article
Year 1960 Publication Abbreviated Journal Kosmos
Volume 56 Issue Pages 8-10
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 912
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Author Huebener, E.
Title (down) Wie sich der pferdgerechte “selbsttätige Schenkel” besser vermitteln ließe; Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Tierärztliche Umschau Abbreviated Journal Tierärztl. Umschau
Volume 8 Issue Pages 403-406
Keywords Kultiviertes Reiten – Mensch-Pferd-Harmonie – feinfühlige, unsichtbare Hilfengebung – Schonen des Rückens von Reiter und Pferd
Abstract Von der Basis bis zum Spitzensport werden Pferde gewaltsam zum “Gehorsam” gebracht oder zur Ausführung von Übungen gezwungen. Aktionen gegen die “Rollkur” oder “Hyperflexion” füllen die Medien. Aber die Wurzel des Übels liegt viel tiefer. Die Grundlage kultivierten Reitens in hoher Harmonie zwischen Mensch und Pferd ist eine feinfühlige, nahezu unsichtbare Hilfengebung, für die Bewegungen des Pferderückens und des Pferderumpfes den Zeitgeber liefern. Das Wissen darum in der Reiterwelt zu verankern, ist noch immer nicht gelungen.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Approved yes
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 424
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Author Kruger, K.
Title (down) Wie schlau sind Pferde? Soziales Lernen und innovative Anpassungen der Pferde Type Conference Article
Year 2015 Publication Göttinger Pferdetage’15 Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue 15 Pages
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Publisher FN Verlag Place of Publication Warendorf Editor
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN 978-3-88542-886-2 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5955
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Author Krueger, K.; Koenig von Borstel, U.
Title (down) Wie Pferde lernen Type Book Chapter
Year 2014 Publication Pferde verstehen – Umgang und Bodenarbeit Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 56-82
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Publisher FN Verlag der deutschen Reiterlichen Vereinigung GmbH Place of Publication Warendorf Editor Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung e.V.
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN 978-3-88542-793-3 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5943
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Author Marfin, A.A.; Petersen, L.R.; Eidson, M.; Miller, J.; Hadler, J.; Farello, C.; Werner, B.; Campbell, G.L.; Layton, M.; Smith, P.; Bresnitz, E.; Cartter, M.; Scaletta, J.; Obiri, G.; Bunning, M.; Craven, R.C.; Roehrig, J.T.; Julian, K.G.; Hinten, S.R.; Gubler, D.J.
Title (down) Widespread West Nile virus activity, eastern United States, 2000 Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Emerging Infectious Diseases Abbreviated Journal Emerg Infect Dis
Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 730-735
Keywords Animals; Bird Diseases/epidemiology/virology; Culicidae/virology; *Disease Outbreaks; Ecology; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/virology; Horses; Humans; Population Surveillance; Songbirds/virology; United States/epidemiology; West Nile Fever/*epidemiology/veterinary/virology; *West Nile virus
Abstract In 1999, the U.S. West Nile (WN) virus epidemic was preceded by widespread reports of avian deaths. In 2000, ArboNET, a cooperative WN virus surveillance system, was implemented to monitor the sentinel epizootic that precedes human infection. This report summarizes 2000 surveillance data, documents widespread virus activity in 2000, and demonstrates the utility of monitoring virus activity in animals to identify human risk for infection.
Address Division of Vector-Borne Infections Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, P.O. Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA. aam@cdc.gov
Corporate Author ArboNET Cooperative Surveillance Group Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1080-6040 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:11585539 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2646
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Author Elzenga, J. W,
Title (down) Why zebras are striped Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication Swara Abbreviated Journal Swara
Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 28-30
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes
Call Number Serial 1068
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Author Gonyou, H.W.
Title (down) Why the study of animal behavior is associated with the animal welfare issue Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Journal of Animal Science Abbreviated Journal J. Anim Sci.
Volume 72 Issue 8 Pages 2171-2177
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2931
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Author Carruthers, P.
Title (down) Why the question of animal consciousness might not matter very much Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Philosophical Psychology Abbreviated Journal
Volume 18 Issue Pages 83-102
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Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 3510
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Author De Giorgio, F.; Schoorl, J.M.
Title (down) Why isolate during training? Social learning and social cognition applied as training approach for young horses (Equus caballus) Type Conference Article
Year 2012 Publication Proceedings of the 2. International Equine Science Meeting Abbreviated Journal Proc. 2. Int. Equine. Sci. Mtg
Volume in press Issue Pages
Keywords Cognitive approach; Horse training; Horse-Human relationship; Social environment; Social learning
Abstract In the last decade an increasing number of studies has been oriented towards equine social learning and their social behavior within the herd (Kruger‚ 2006-2008). In social species, social learning is important to learn and gain useful skills to move and live in their own social and environmental context. Group housing has been recognized as an important element to fulfill the physical and behavioral needs of horses, especially their need for social contact (Søndergaard‚ 2011). Still‚ when it comes to horse training, the social aspect and‚ in general‚ cognitive abilities of the horse are rarely taken into account. Although it is widely accepted that social isolation is stressful for horse (Mal et al, 1991a and 1991b) still isolating a young horse is the first step when it comes to training methods. Due to tradition and culture and our performance-oriented society it is both difficult to accept and apply a different social/cognitive training approach. Training sessions are focused on immediate results whereas in cognitive learning part of the process is latent and will not be visible immediately‚ but taking the cognitive skills into account plays an important role in avoiding tension both in the horse as in the human-horse interaction (Baragli and De Giorgio, 2011). In this study we tested the possibility to apply social learning by creating a social environment‚ favoring a cognitive learning approach‚ for the training of six young horses. The group existed in three males and three females, between two and three years old. All six showed initial difficulties and defense to human interaction. They were housed in two groups in adjacent spacious paddocks where they had ample opportunity to move and express their individual and social behavioral repertoire. Each horse had one training session per week without isolating it from the others. The training sessions were held following a cognitive-relational model defined as the equine-zooanthropologic approach (De Giorgio, 2010 – Marchesini, 2011). The learning objectives were to be able to handle each horse‚ conduct it‚ saddle and ride it within a maximum time-frame of two years. Every time a defensive or alert behavior would occur the training activity was re-arranged to not over-pressure the horse. Therefore the persons working with the horses carried out the activities without tight expectations focusing on the horses’ positive attention. After eighteen months all six horses were used to the saddle and to riding. None of the horses ever fled or showed defense behavior and in the case of unexpected events they showed no emotional reactivity/reactive behavior. Today the horses show the same calm behavior whenever worked individually. This preliminary study highlights how social learning applied to equestrian activity can be fundamental for safety and welfare and the establishment of a more problem-free relationship between horse and human. Safety as the defensive behavior seems to have been reduced and welfare as the horses have been trained in a social context without being isolated and thus without being stressed during the training experience.
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Corporate Author De Giorgio, F. Thesis
Publisher Xenophon Publishing Place of Publication Wald Editor Krueger, K.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN 978-3-9808134-26 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5528
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