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Author Altmann, H.J.; Weik, H. openurl 
  Title [Serum fatty acid patterns of phospholipid fractions in horses] Type Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde Abbreviated Journal Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd  
  Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 285-288  
  Keywords Animals; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Fatty Acids/*blood; *Horses; Male; Phospholipids/*blood  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language German Summary Language (up) Original Title Fettsaurenmuster der Phospholipidfraktionen im plasma des Pferdes  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0044-3565 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:5141052 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 133  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Weik, H.; Altmann, H.J. openurl 
  Title [Behavior of blood lipids during fasting in the horse] Type Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A Abbreviated Journal Zentralbl Veterinarmed A  
  Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 131-138  
  Keywords Adipose Tissue/metabolism; Animals; Chromatography, Gas; Fasting/*veterinary; Fatty Acids/blood/metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood; Horses/*metabolism; Lipids/*blood  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language German Summary Language (up) Original Title Das Verhalten einiger Blutlipide wahrend des Hungerns beim Pferd  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0514-7158 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:4995835 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 134  
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Author Altmann, H.J.; Hertel, J.; Drepper, K. openurl 
  Title [Nutritional physiology of the horse. 3. Protein values in the gastrointestinal tract of slaughtered horses] Type Journal Article
  Year 1970 Publication Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde Abbreviated Journal Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd  
  Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 245-252  
  Keywords Amino Acids/*analysis/biosynthesis; *Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Horses/*physiology; Intestines/analysis  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language German Summary Language (up) Original Title Erhnahrungsphysiologische Untersuchungen beim Pferd. 3. Untersuchungen uber die Proteinwertigkeit im Magendarmtrakt von Schlachtpferen  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0044-3565 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:5519259 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 135  
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Author Hertel, J.; Altmann, H.J.; Drepper, K. openurl 
  Title [Nutritional physiology studies of the horse. II. Raw nutrient studies of the gastrointestinal tract of slaughtered horses] Type Journal Article
  Year 1970 Publication Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde Abbreviated Journal Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd  
  Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 169-174  
  Keywords Animal Feed/*analysis; *Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Digestive System/*analysis; Horses/*physiology; Intestines/metabolism; Lipid Metabolism; Proteins/metabolism; Stomach/metabolism  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language German Summary Language (up) Original Title Ernahrungsphysiologische Untersuchungen beim Pferd. II. Rohnahrstoffuntersuchungen im Magen-Darm-Trakt von Schlachtpferden  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0044-3565 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:5516852 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 136  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Khalil, A.M.; Murakami, N.; Kaseda, Y. openurl 
  Title Relationship between plasma testosterone concentrations and age, breeding season and harem size in Misaki feral horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal J Vet Med Sci  
  Volume 60 Issue 5 Pages 643-645  
  Keywords Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Wild; *Horses; Japan; Male; Reproduction; Seasons; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Sexual Maturation; *Social Behavior; Testosterone/*blood  
  Abstract Jugular vein blood samples were collected from 23 young and sexual mature feral stallions to examine the relationship between plasma testosterone concentration and age, breeding season or harem size. Testosterone concentration increased with the age of the stallions until they formed their own harems, at about 4 to 6 years old. Seasonal variations in testosterone concentrations were observed, and found to be significantly higher (P<0.001) throughout the breeding season than non-breeding season, from 3 years of age. Testosterone levels were correlated with harem size for individual stallions. It can be inferred from these results that there is a relationship between plasma testosterone concentration and age, breeding season and harem size.  
  Address Laboratory of Animal Behavioral Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language (up) Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0916-7250 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:9637303 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 137  
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Author Turner, J.W.J.; Kirkpatrick, J.F. openurl 
  Title Androgens, behaviour and fertility control in feral stallions Type Journal Article
  Year 1982 Publication Journal of reproduction and fertility. Supplement Abbreviated Journal J Reprod Fertil Suppl  
  Volume 32 Issue Pages 79-87  
  Keywords Animals; Animals, Wild; Copulation/drug effects; Female; *Fertility/drug effects; Horses/*physiology; Male; Periodicity; Pregnancy; Seasons; *Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects; Sexual Maturation; Sperm Count; Sperm Motility/drug effects; Testosterone/*blood/pharmacology  
  Abstract This field study of feral stallions in Montana and Idaho examines and correlates the seasonal pattern of plasma androgens and specific sociosexual behaviour and reports the effect of a long-acting androgenic steroid on this behaviour and on fertility. Plasma testosterone was measured by competitive protein binding assay in samples obtained by jugular venepuncture from captured animals. In samples taken from 34 sexually mature stallions in 6 different months during the year, a definite seasonal pattern in testosterone was present, with a peak in May (3.04 +/- 0.63 ng/ml) and a nadir in December (1.55 +/- 0.34 ng/ml). Values were less than 2.0 ng/ml in non-breeding months and greater than 2.4 ng/ml in breeding months. Behavioural endpoints measured were (1) stallion scent marking in response to elimination by mares (elimination marking), (2) mounting and (3) copulation. The frequencies of each of these endpoints followed closely the seasonal pattern seen for plasma androgens. In the fertility study microcapsulated testosterone propionate (microTP) was administered i.m. to 10 harem stud stallions 3 months before the 1980 breeding season. In these stallions and in 10 control harem studs, the above behavioural endpoints were examined in the 1980 and 1981 breeding seasons, and foal counts were made in 1981. There were no direct inhibitory or stimulatory effects of microTP treatment on any of the behavioural endpoints in either year. In 1981 foals were produced in 87.5% of the control bands and 28.4% of the microTP-treated bands. These results indicate that microencapsulated testosterone propionate can provide effective fertility control in feral horses without causing significant alterations in sociosexual behaviour.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language (up) Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0449-3087 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:6962905 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 138  
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Author Lyda, R.O.; Hall, J.R.; Kirkpatrick, J.F. openurl 
  Title A comparison of Freund's Complete and Freund's Modified Adjuvants used with a contraceptive vaccine in wild horses (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine : official publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Abbreviated Journal J Zoo Wildl Med  
  Volume 36 Issue 4 Pages 610-616  
  Keywords Animals; Antibody Formation; Contraception, Immunologic/*veterinary; Estrus/drug effects; Female; Freund's Adjuvant/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*immunology; Horses/immunology/*physiology; *Vaccines, Contraceptive; Zona Pellucida/*immunology  
  Abstract Fifteen captive wild mares (Equus caballus) were treated with porcine zona pellucida contraceptive vaccine and either Freund's Complete Adjuvant (n = 7) or Freund's Modified Adjuvant (n = 8). All mares received a booster inoculation of porcine zona pellucida plus Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant a month later. Anti-porcine zona pellucida antibodies were measured over 10 mo following the initial inoculation. There were no significant differences in antibody titers at any point during the 10 mo, and seven of the eight mares in the Freund's Modified Adjuvant group were above the 60% level at the end of the study, which is considered to be the contraceptive threshold for horses. There were no significant differences in titers between pregnant and nonpregnant horses, nor was there a significant correlation between age and titers. One local injection site reaction occurred after booster treatment with Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant, and 11 healthy foals were born during the course of the study. These data suggest that Freund's Modified Adjuvant is an acceptable substitute for Freund's Complete Adjuvant in certain free-ranging and captive wildlife species.  
  Address Science and Conservation Center, 2100 South Shiloh Road, Billings, Montana 59106, USA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language (up) Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1042-7260 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:17312717 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 139  
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Author Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Turner, A. doi  openurl
  Title Absence of effects from immunocontraception on seasonal birth patterns and foal survival among barrier island wild horses Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Journal of applied animal welfare science : JAAWS Abbreviated Journal J Appl Anim Welf Sci  
  Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 301-308  
  Keywords Animals; Animals, Newborn; Animals, Wild/*physiology; Birth Rate; Case-Control Studies; Contraception, Immunologic/methods/*veterinary; Egg Proteins/administration & dosage; Female; Horses/*physiology; Maryland/epidemiology; Membrane Glycoproteins/administration & dosage; Population Control; Pregnancy; *Receptors, Cell Surface; *Reproduction; Seasons; Vaccines, Contraceptive/administration & dosage  
  Abstract Despite a large body of safety data, concern exists that porcine zonae pellucidae (PZP) immunocontraception--used to manage wild horse populations--may cause out-of-season births with resulting foal mortality. Our study at Assateague, Maryland indicated the effects of immunocontraception on season of birth and foal survival between 1990 and 2002 on wild horses from Assateague Island. Among 91 mares never treated, 69 (75.8%) of foals were born in April, May, and June (in season). Among 77 treated mares, 50 (64.9%) were born in season. Of 29 mares foaling within 1 year after treatment (contraceptive failures), 20 (68.9%) were born in season. Of 48 mares treated for greater than 2 years then withdrawn from treatment, 30 (62.5%) of 48 foals were born in season. There were no significant differences (p <.05) between either treatment group or untreated mares. Survival did not differ significantly among foals born in or out of season or among foals born to treated or untreated mares. Data indicate a lack of effect of PZP contraception on season of birth or foal survival on barrier island habitats.  
  Address Science and Conservation Center Zoo Montana, Billings, Montana 59106, USA. jkirkpatrick@montana.net  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language (up) Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1088-8705 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:14965784 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 140  
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Author Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Turner, A. openurl 
  Title Reversibility of action and safety during pregnancy of immunization against porcine zona pellucida in wild mares (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Reproduction (Cambridge, England) Supplement Abbreviated Journal Reprod Suppl  
  Volume 60 Issue Pages 197-202  
  Keywords Animals; *Animals, Wild; Antigens/administration & dosage; Contraception, Immunologic/methods/*veterinary; Egg Proteins/administration & dosage; Female; Fertility; *Horses; Immunization, Secondary/veterinary; Membrane Glycoproteins/administration & dosage; Population Control; Pregnancy; *Receptors, Cell Surface; Safety; Swine; Time Factors; Vaccines, Contraceptive/*administration & dosage  
  Abstract Contraceptive management of publicly valued wildlife species requires safeguards to ensure that these populations are preserved in a healthy state. In addition, reversibility of contraceptive effects and safety in pregnant animals are major concerns. A population of wild horses has been immunized against porcine zona pellucida (PZP) over a 12 year period on Assateague Island National Seashore, MD (ASIS). Mares initially received one or two 65 microg inoculations and once a year 65 microg booster inoculations, all delivered by dart. All young mares aged > 2 years were treated with PZP for 3 consecutive years regardless of whether they have bred successfully and they were then removed from treatment until they had foaled. All mares vaccinated for 1 or 2 consecutive years became fertile again and 69% of mares treated for 3 consecutive years returned to fertility. All five mares treated for 4 or 5 consecutive years have also returned to fertility, but over longer periods of time. Mares treated for 7 consecutive years have not returned to fertility, but several, while still infertile, have started ovulating again. There was no difference in survival rates between foals born to treated and untreated mares, and PZP treatment of pregnant mares did not affect subsequent fertility of their female offspring.  
  Address Science and Conservation Center, ZooMontana, Billings 59106, USA. zoolab@wtp.net  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language (up) Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1477-0415 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:12220160 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 141  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Turner, A.; Kirkpatrick, J.F. openurl 
  Title Effects of immunocontraception on population, longevity and body condition in wild mares (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Reproduction (Cambridge, England) Supplement Abbreviated Journal Reprod Suppl  
  Volume 60 Issue Pages 187-195  
  Keywords Animals; *Animals, Wild; Antigens/administration & dosage; Body Constitution; Contraception, Immunologic/methods/*veterinary; Egg Proteins/administration & dosage; Female; *Horses; Longevity; Membrane Glycoproteins/administration & dosage; Population Control; Population Dynamics; *Receptors, Cell Surface; Swine; Vaccines, Contraceptive/administration & dosage  
  Abstract Contraception is becoming a common approach for the management of captive and wild ungulates yet there are few data for contraceptive effects on entire populations. Management-level treatment of mares with porcine zona pellucida (PZP) vaccine resulted in zero population growth of the Assateague Island wild horse population within 1 year of initiation of treatment. Contraceptive efficacy was 90% for mares treated twice in the first year and annually thereafter. For mares given a single initial inoculation, contraceptive efficacy was 78%. The effort required to achieve zero population growth decreased, as 95, 83 and 84% of all adult mares were treated in each of the first 3 years, compared with 59 and 52% during the last 2 years. Mortality rates for mares and foals after the initiation of management-level treatments decreased below historic and pretreatment mortality rates of approximately 5%. Two new age classes have appeared among treated animals (21-25 years and > 25 years), indicating an increase in longevity among treated animals. Body condition scores for all horses, all adult mares and non-lactating mares increased significantly between summer 1989 and autumn 1999 but did not change significantly in lactating mares. These results provide reliable data for the construction of realistic models for contraceptive management of free-roaming or captive ungulate populations.  
  Address Assateague Island National Seashore, Berlin, MD 21811, USA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language (up) Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1477-0415 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:12220158 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 142  
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