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Author Franke Stevens, E.
Title Instability of harems of feral horses in relation to season and presence of subordinate stallions Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Behaviour Abbreviated Journal Behaviour
Volume 112 Issue 3-4 Pages 149-161
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Abstract Male horses (Equus caballus) defend harems of females (bands) year-round and throughout their lifetimes. A male's lifetime reproductive success depends upon the number of females in his harem. Although harems have previously been reported as remaining stable over many years, during the two years of this study 30 % of the adult females in an island population of feral horses changed harems during late winter. The seasonal differences in harem stability resulted from seasonal differences in the abundance and distribution of food. The spacing between band members was greater and the frequency of social interactions between them was lower in winter than in summer. In addition, the amount of time devoted to grazing increased in winter. These differences are attributed to the lower availability of suitable vegetation duirng winter. Harem stability did not depend on the age of females, the size of the harem, nor the age of the harem stallion, but did depend on the presence of subordinate stallions attached to the band. All of the females that changed bands left single-male bands; multi-male bands were stable throughout the study.
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1632
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Author Stevens,J.A.
Title Zebras in Turmoil Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication International Wildlife Abbreviated Journal Int Wildl
Volume 24 Issue Pages 4-12
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Language Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0020-9112 ISBN Medium
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1633
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Author Thackeray, J.F.
Title Zebras from wonderwerk cave, northern Cape province, South Africa: attempts to distinguish Equus burchelli and E. quagga Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication South African journal of science Abbreviated Journal Suid- Afrikaanse Tydsskrif vir Wetenskap
Volume 84 Issue Pages 99-101
Keywords Cape Province; Teeth; Statistical analysis; Equidae; Hippomorpha; South Africa; Southern Africa; Perissodactyla; Mammalia; Vertebrata
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Language Summary Language Original Title
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0038-2353 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1644
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Author Westlin-van Aarde, L.M.; van Aarde, R. J.; Skinner, J. D.
Title Reproduction in female Hartmann's zebra Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Journal of Reproduction and Fertility Abbreviated Journal J Reprod Fert
Volume 84 Issue Pages 505-511
Keywords zebra; reproduction; ovaries; seasonality; progesterone
Abstract Ovaries, fetuses and plasma were collected from zebra mares shot in the Etosha National Park in Namibia between 15 and 25 August 1983. Ovarian weight was affected by reproductive status and most of the non-pregnant mares were anoestrous. The number of follicles varied between individuals and only pro-oestrous/oestrous mares had follicles larger than 20 mm in diameter. The largest follicle in pregnant mares was only 9 mm in diameter. Corpora lutea and corpora albicantia were found in non-pregnant as well as pregnant mares: 4 pregnant mares had only corpora albicantia. The presence of secondary corpora lutea could not be confirmed in any of the pregnant mares. Implantation was estimated to occur at around 73 days of gestation, and most mares (84%) had conceived between November and April. Peripheral concentrations of plasma progesterone during pregnancy varied from 0·5 to 2·4 ng/ml.
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1705
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Author Wiesner, J.; V. Hegel, G.
Title Zur Immobilisation von Wildequiden mit STH 2130 und Tiletamin/Zolazepam Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Tierärtzliche Praxis Abbreviated Journal Tierärzl Prax
Volume 18 Issue Pages 151-154
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1707
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Author Winkler A,
Title The feeding ecology of the Cape Mountain zebra in the Mountain Zebra National Park Type Manuscript
Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
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Abstract
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Corporate Author Thesis Doctoral thesis
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1713
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Author Würbel, H.
Title The relationship between social structure and mating system in donkeys & Mating strategies of male donkeys in a promiscuous mating system"l structure and mating system in donkeys & Type Manuscript
Year 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
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Corporate Author Thesis Diploma thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Berne, Switzerland Editor
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1724
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Author Zeeb, K.; Schnitzter, U.
Title Equus caballus (Equidae) – Ruheverhalten, Hinlegen und Aufstehen Type Journal Article
Year 1978 Publication Encyclopedia Cinematographica Abbreviated Journal E.C.
Volume Film E 1620 des IWF Begleittext Issue Pages
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Abstract Equus caballus (Equidae)-Behaviour at Rest, Lying down and Rising. The film shows the

behaviour at rest of the primitive horses of the Duke of Croy at DulmenNestphalia. With

the aid of several individual animals, complete relaxation, reclining and rising are shown.
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0073-8417 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1745
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Author Bohnet, W.
Title Expressive behaviour to assess the emotional states in horses Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication DTW. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift Abbreviated Journal Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr
Volume 114 Issue 3 Pages 91-97
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Abstract The emotional states such as feelings and emotions are not easy to assess by objective methods in animals as well as in humans. Beside measuring physiological variables an aid to assess the emotional states is the analysis of expressive behaviour of an individual respecting the relating context. Especially developed in mammals, which live in obligatory social i.e. in stable permanent social communities, are facial expression and gesture. Also horses display a differentiated expressive behaviour, which can be observed and analysed by humans. Moreover it could be demonstrated, that in situations of stress the display shown by horses (gesture, facial expression, posture) correlate with corresponding physiological reactions. Thus the expressive behaviour is suitable to assess the emotional states of horses depending on the situation.
Address Institut fur Tierschutz und Verhalten (Heim-, Labortiere und Pferde), Stiftung Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover. bohnet@tierschutzzentrum.de
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title Ausdrucksverhalten zur Beurteilung von Befindlichkeiten bei Pferden
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN 0341-6593 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:17419541 Approved (down) yes
Call Number Serial 1769
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Author Boogert, N.J.; Reader, S.M.; Laland, K.N.
Title The relation between social rank, neophobia and individual learning in starlings Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 72 Issue 6 Pages 1229-1239
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Abstract Researchers with diverse interests in topics ranging from the formation of dominance hierarchies and social intelligence to animal personalities have predicted specific, and often conflicting, relations between social rank, neophobia and learning ability. We investigated the relations between these variables in captive groups of wild-caught starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, adopting a multidimensional approach to social rank and neophobia. Both agonistic and competitive rank orders were determined for each group and we tested individuals in the absence of their groupmates for object neophobia, latency to feed in a novel environment and performance on an extractive foraging task. In each starling group, the fastest learners occupied the highest competitive ranks, supporting the hypothesis that cognitive ability is positively correlated with social dominance. Competitive rank orders, however, did not correlate significantly with agonistic rank orders. Situation-specific foraging neophobia was suggested: individuals showed consistency in their latencies to feed near a variety of novel objects, but no significant correlation was found between this measure of object neophobia and latency to feed in a novel environment. Starlings fastest to feed in the novel environment were fastest in solving the foraging task. We discuss the implications of these findings for researchers studying hierarchy formation in animal groups, social intelligence and animal personalities.
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Notes Approved (down) yes
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ room B 3.029 Serial 2074
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