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Author Mirabet, V.; Fréon, P.; Lett, C.
Title Factors affecting information transfer from knowledgeable to naive individuals in groups Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication (up) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
Volume 63 Issue 2 Pages 159-171-171
Keywords Biomedical and Life Sciences
Abstract There is evidence that individuals in animal groups benefit from the presence of knowledgeable group members in different ways. Experiments and computer simulations have shown that a few individuals within a group can lead others, for a precise task and at a specific moment. As a group travels, different individuals possessing a particular knowledge may act as temporary leaders, so that the group will, as a whole, follow their behaviour. In this paper, we use a model to study different factors influencing group response to temporary leadership. The model is based on four individual behaviours. Three of those, attraction, repulsion, and alignment, are shared by all individuals. The last one, attraction toward the source of a stimulus, concerns only a fraction of the group members. We explore the influence of group size, proportion of stimulated individuals, number of influential neighbours, and intensity of the attraction to the source of the stimulus, on the proportion of the group reaching this source. Special attention is given to the simulation of large group size, close to those observed in nature. Groups of 100, 400 and 900 individuals are currently simulated, and up to 8,000 in one experiment. We show that more stimulated individuals and a larger group size both induce the arrival of a larger fraction of the group. The number of influential neighbours and the intensity of the stimulus have a non-linear influence on the proportion of the group arrival, displaying first a positive relationship and then, above a given threshold, a negative one. We conclude that an intermediate level of group cohesion provides optimal transfer information from knowledgeable to naive individuals.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Berlin / Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0340-5443 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5295
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Author Noë, R.; Hammerstein, P.
Title Biological markets: supply and demand determine the effect of partner choice in cooperation, mutualism and mating Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (up) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 1-11
Keywords Biomedical and Life Sciences
Abstract The formation of collaborating pairs by individuals belonging to two different classes occurs in the contexts of reproduction and intea-specific cooperation as well as of inter-specific mutualism. There is potential for partner choice and for competition for access to preferred partners in all three contexts. These selective forces have long been recognised as important in sexual selection, but their impact is not yet appreciated in cooperative and mutualistic systems. The formation of partnerships between members of different classes has much in common with the conclusion of trade agreements in human markets with two classes of traders, like producers and consumers, or employers and employees. Similar game-theoretical models can be used to predict the behaviour of rational traders in human markets and the evolutionarily stable strategies used in biological markets. We present a formal model in which the influence of the market mechanism on selection is made explicit. We restrict ourselves to biological markets in which: (1) Individuals do not compete over access to partners in an agonistic manner, but rather by outcompeting each other in those aspects that are preferred by the choosing party. (2) The commodity the partner has to offer cannot be obtained by the use of force, but requires the consent of the partner. These two restrictions ensure a dominant role for partner choice in the formation of partnerships. In a biological market model the decision to cooperate is based on the comparison between the offers of several potential partners, rather than on the behaviour of a single potential partner, as is implicitly assumed in currently accepted models of cooperation. In our example the members of one class A offer a commodity of fixed value in exchange for a commodity of variable value supplied by the other class, B. We show that when the B-class outnumbers the A-class sufficiently and the cost for the A-class to sample the offers of the B-class are low, the choosiness of the A-class will lead to selection for the supply of high value commodities by the B-class (Fig. 3a). Under the same market conditions, but with a high sampling cost this may still be the evolutionariy stable outcome, but another pair of strategies proves to be stable too: relaxed choosiness of class A coupled with low value commodities supplied by class B (Fig. 3b). We give a number of examples of mating, cooperative and mutualistic markets that resemble the low sampling cost situation depicted in Fig. 3a.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Berlin / Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0340-5443 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5404
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Author Verdolin, J.
Title Gunnison’s prairie dog (Cynomys gunnisoni): testing the resource dispersion hypothesis Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication (up) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Abbreviated Journal Beh. Ecol. Sociobiol.
Volume 63 Issue 6 Pages 789-799
Keywords Biomedical and Life Sciences
Abstract Few studies have experimentally tested the resource dispersion hypothesis (RDH). In this study, I tested whether space use and social organization of Gunnison’s prairie dog responded to changes in the dispersion and abundance of resources. Food manipulations were carried out during the reproductive and nonreproductive seasons across 2 years. Gunnison’s prairie dog adults responded to the experiments by decreasing territory size as food became patchier in space and time. Both males and females modified their home ranges, with no detectable difference between sexes, either prior to or during the experiments. As food became patchier in space and time, the spatial overlap of adults increased, whereas it decreased as food became more evenly dispersed. The average size of a group, defined as those individuals occupying the same territory, did not change significantly as a result of the experiments. Where changes in the composition and size of groups did occur, there was no indication that such changes were sex specific. Results from this study support critical components of the RDH and strongly suggest that patterns of space use and social structure in Gunnison’s prairie dogs are the result of individual responses to resource abundance and distribution.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Berlin / Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0340-5443 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5468
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Author Pusey, A. E.; Packer, C.
Title The Ecology of relationships Type Book Chapter
Year 2003 Publication (up) Behavioural Ecology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol.
Volume Issue Pages 254 -283
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Abstract
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Blackwell Scientific Publication Place of Publication Oxford Editor Krebs, J.R.; Davis, N.B.;
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 820
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Author Giraldeau, Luc-Alain
Title The ecology of information use Type Book Chapter
Year 1997 Publication (up) Behavioural ecology : an evolutionary approach Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Blackwell Science Place of Publication Cambridge, Mass. Editor Krebs, J.R.; Davies, N.B.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 0865427313 9780865427310 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ 35114973 Serial 4277
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Author Barton, R.
Title The evolutionary ecolgy of the primate brain Type Book Chapter
Year 2002 Publication (up) Comparative Primate Socioecology Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 167-204
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Cambridge University Press Place of Publication Cambridge Editor Lee, P. C.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN ISBN-13: 9780521004244 | ISBN-10: 0521004241 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5450
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Author de Waal, F. B.
Title Dominance “style” and primate social organization. Type Book Chapter
Year 1989 Publication (up) Comparative Socioecology Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 243-263
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Blackwell Science Place of Publication Editor Standen, V.; Foley, R. A.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 978-0632023615 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 2864
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Author Sharp, T.; Saunders, G.
Title mustering of feral horses Type Manuscript
Year Publication (up) Ecology Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Background

Feral horses (Equus caballus) can cause significant environmental damage and losses to

rural industries. Although considered pests, feral horses are also a resource, providing

products such as pet meat for the domestic market and meat for human consumption

for the export market. Control methods include trapping, mustering exclusion fencing,

ground shooting and shooting from helicopters.

Feral horses are mustered by helicopter, motorbike or on horseback, sometimes with the

assistance of coacher horses. Once mustered into yards, net traps or fenced paddocks, the

horses are usually sold to abattoirs for slaughter which can offset the costs of capture and

handling. Less commonly, they are sold as riding horses or relocated to reserves or horse

sanctuaries. Where there is no market for them or where removal may be too costly or

impractical e.g. in conservation areas or remote areas without access to transportation,

horses are sometimes destroyed by shooting in the yards.

This standard operating procedure (SOP) is a guide only; it does not replace or

override the legislation that applies in the relevant State or Territory jurisdiction.

The SOP should only be used subject to the applicable legal requirements (including

OH&S) operating in the relevant jurisdiction.
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ISSN ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 517
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Author Berger, J.; Cunningham, C.
Title Size-Related Effects on Search Times in North American Grassland Female Ungulates Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication (up) Ecology Abbreviated Journal
Volume 69 Issue 1 Pages 177-183
Keywords no keywords available
Abstract Feeding and searching (&#61; vigilance) rates arise as a result of many interrelated factors including trophic level, diet, reproductive condition, sex, habitat, body mass, and potential predation pressure. Because of unique ecological conditions in which the confounding influences of all but two of these variables could be minimized, we examined the hypothesis that body mass alone accounts for interspecific differences in search times, and tested it with females of four sympatric native North American ungulates (Bison bison, Antilocapra americana, Ovis canadensis, and Odocoileus hemionus). When the effects of group size were controlled, smaller bodied species were more vigilant (per unit body mass) than larger ones. However, search times (ST) also scaled to body mass, and between 81 and 97&#37; of the ST variance was explained by either exponential or power functions. To remove the potential bias that predators exert different influences on species of varying size, search times of bison in areas with and without their major predator, wolves (Canis lupus), were contrasted; search times did not differ between sites. Our results highlight the importance of designing field research that controls for confounding variables prior to attempting to scale behavioral processes to ecological events. See full-text article at JSTOR
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Ecological Society of America Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0012-9658 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2233
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Author Lima, S.L.
Title Predation Risk and Unpredictable Feeding Conditions: Determinants of Body Mass in Birds Type Journal Article
Year 1986 Publication (up) Ecology Abbreviated Journal Ecology
Volume 67 Issue 2 Pages 377-385
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Notes doi: 10.2307/1938580 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5141
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