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Author |
Biro, D.; Sumpter, D.J.T.; Meade, J.; Guilford, T. |
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Title |
From Compromise to Leadership in Pigeon Homing |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
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Current Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr Biol |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
21 |
Pages |
2123-2128 |
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Animal Migration; Animals; Columbidae/*physiology; Decision Making; *Flight, Animal; *Homing Behavior; Models, Biological; Orientation; *Social Behavior; *Social Dominance |
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Summary A central problem faced by animals traveling in groups is how navigational decisions by group members are integrated, especially when members cannot assess which individuals are best informed or have conflicting information or interests , , , and . Pigeons are now known to recapitulate faithfully their individually distinct habitual routes home , and , and this provides a novel paradigm for investigating collective decisions during flight under varying levels of interindividual conflict. Using high-precision GPS tracking of pairs of pigeons, we found that if conflict between two birds' directional preferences was small, individuals averaged their routes, whereas if conflict rose over a critical threshold, either the pair split or one of the birds became the leader. Modeling such paired decision-making showed that both outcomes--compromise and leadership--could emerge from the same set of simple behavioral rules. Pairs also navigated more efficiently than did the individuals of which they were composed, even though leadership was not necessarily assumed by the more efficient bird. In the context of mass migration of birds and other animals, our results imply that simple self-organizing rules can produce behaviors that improve accuracy in decision-making and thus benefit individuals traveling in groups , and . |
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Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom. daro.biro@zoo.ox.ac.uk |
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Englisch |
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0960-9822 |
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PMID:17084696 |
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2026 |
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Chappell J |
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Title |
Avian cognition: understanding tool use |
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2006 |
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Current Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr. Biol. |
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16 |
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244 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3058 |
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Author |
Seed AM; Tebbich S; Emery NJ; Clayton NS |
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Title |
Investigating physical cognition in rooks (Corvus frugilegus) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Current Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr. Biol. |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
697-701 |
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Keywords |
Sysneuro |
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Summary Although animals (particularly tool-users) are capable of solving physical tasks in the laboratory and the degree to which they understand them in terms of their underlying physical forces is a matter of contention. Here, using a new paradigm, the two-trap tube task, we report the performance of non-tool-using rooks. In contrast to the low success rates of previous studies using trap-tube problems , , and , seven out of eight rooks solved the initial task, and did so rapidly. Instead of the usual, conceptually flawed control, we used a series of novel transfer tasks to test for understanding. All seven transferred their solution across a change in stimuli. However, six out of seven were unable to transfer to two further tasks, which did not share any one visual constant. One female was able to solve these further transfer tasks. Her result is suggestive evidence that rooks are capable of sophisticated physical cognition, if not through an understanding of unobservable forces and , perhaps through rule abstraction. Our results highlight the need to investigate cognitive mechanisms other than causal understanding in studying animal physical cognition. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3076 |
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Author |
Byrne, R.W. |
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Title |
Animal imitation |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Current Biology |
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19 |
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3 |
Pages |
R111-R114 |
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0960-9822 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4735 |
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Author |
Gould, J.L. |
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Title |
Animal Navigation: The Evolution of Magnetic Orientation |
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2008 |
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Current Biology |
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18 |
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11 |
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R482-R484 |
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Summary Animals have several types of magnetic organ, often separately specialized for determining direction versus location. Recent results offer hints about how these once-unimaginable detectors may have evolved. |
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0960-9822 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4770 |
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Author |
Miklósi, Á.; Kubinyi, E.; Topál, J.; Gácsi, M.; Virányi, Z.; Csányi, V. |
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Title |
A Simple Reason for a Big Difference: Wolves Do Not Look Back at Humans, but Dogs Do |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
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Current Biology |
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13 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
763-766 |
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The present investigations were undertaken to compare interspecific communicative abilities of dogs and wolves, which were socialized to humans at comparable levels. The first study demonstrated that socialized wolves were able to locate the place of hidden food indicated by the touching and, to some extent, pointing cues provided by the familiar human experimenter, but their performance remained inferior to that of dogs. In the second study, we have found that, after undergoing training to solve a simple manipulation task, dogs that are faced with an insoluble version of the same problem look/gaze at the human, while socialized wolves do not. Based on these observations, we suggest that the key difference between dog and wolf behavior is the dogs' ability to look at the human's face. Since looking behavior has an important function in initializing and maintaining communicative interaction in human communication systems, we suppose that by positive feedback processes (both evolutionary and ontogenetically) the readiness of dogs to look at the human face has lead to complex forms of dog-human communication that cannot be achieved in wolves even after extended socialization. |
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0960-9822 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4966 |
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Author |
Range, F.; Viranyi, Z.; Huber, L. |
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Title |
Selective Imitation in Domestic Dogs |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Current Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr Biol |
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17 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
868-872 |
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Keywords |
Sysneuro |
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Summary The transmission of cultural knowledge requires learners to identify what relevant information to retain and selectively imitate when observing others' skills. Young human infants--without relying on language or theory of mind--already show evidence of this ability. If, for example, in a communicative context, a model demonstrates a head action instead of a more efficient hand action, infants imitate the head action only if the demonstrator had no good reason to do so, suggesting that their imitation is a selective, interpretative process [1]. Early sensitivity to ostensive-communicative cues and to the efficiency of goal-directed actions is thought to be a crucial prerequisite for such relevance-guided selective imitation [2]. Although this competence is thought to be human specific [2], here we show an analog capacity in the dog. In our experiment, subjects watched a demonstrator dog pulling a rod with the paw instead of the preferred mouth action. In the first group, using the “inefficient” action was justified by the model's carrying of a ball in her mouth, whereas in the second group, no constraints could explain the demonstrator's choice. In the first trial after observation, dogs imitated the nonpreferred action only in the second group. Consequently, dogs, like children, demonstrated inferential selective imitation. |
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0960-9822 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5261 |
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Author |
Seed, A.; Byrne, R. |
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Title |
Animal Tool-Use |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Current Biology |
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Curr Biol |
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20 |
Issue |
23 |
Pages |
R1032-R1039 |
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The sight of an animal making and using a tool captivates scientists and laymen alike, perhaps because it forces us to question some of our ideas about human uniqueness. Does the animal know how the tool works? Did it anticipate the need for the tool and make it in advance? To some, this fascination with tools seems arbitrary and anthropocentric; after all, animals engage in many other complex activities, like nest building, and we know that complex behaviour need not be cognitively demanding. But tool-using behaviour can also provide a powerful window into the minds of living animals, and help us to learn what capacities we share with them -- and what might have changed to allow for the incontrovertibly unique levels of technology shown by modern humans. |
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0960-9822 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5318 |
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Author |
Wathan, J.; McComb, K. |
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Title |
The eyes and ears are visual indicators of attention in domestic horses |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Current Biology |
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24 |
Issue |
15 |
Pages |
R677-R679 |
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Summary Sensitivity to the attentional states of others has adaptive advantages [1], and in social animals, attending to others is important for predator detection, as well as a pre-requisite for normal social functioning and more complex socio-cognitive abilities [2]. Despite widespread interest in how social species perceive attention in others, studies of non-human animals have been inconclusive about the detailed cues involved [3]. Previous work has focused on head and eye direction, overlooking the fact that many mammals have obvious and mobile ears that could act as a visual cue to attention. Here we report that horses use the head orientation of a conspecific to locate food, but that this ability is disrupted when parts of the face (the eyes and ears) are covered up with naturalistic masks. The ability to correctly judge attention also interacted with the identity of the model horse, suggesting that individual differences in facial features may influence the salience of cues. Our results indicate that a combination of head orientation with facial expression, specifically involving both the eyes and ears, is necessary for communicating social attention. These findings emphasise that in order to understand how attention is communicated in non-human animals, it is essential to consider a broad range of cues. |
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0960-9822 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5929 |
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Author |
Siniscalchi, M.; Lusito, R.; Vallortigara, G.; Quaranta, A. |
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Title |
Seeing Left- or Right-Asymmetric Tail Wagging Produces Different Emotional Responses in Dogs |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Current Biology |
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Curr Biol |
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23 |
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22 |
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Summary Left-right asymmetries in behavior associated with asymmetries in the brain are widespread in the animal kingdom [1], and the hypothesis has been put forward that they may be linked to animals’ social behavior [2, 3]. Dogs show asymmetric tail-wagging responses to different emotive stimuli [4]—the outcome of different activation of left and right brain structures controlling tail movements to the right and left side of the body. A crucial question, however, is whether or not dogs detect this asymmetry. Here we report that dogs looking at moving video images of conspecifics exhibiting prevalent left- or right-asymmetric tail wagging showed higher cardiac activity and higher scores of anxious behavior when observing left- rather than right-biased tail wagging. The finding that dogs are sensitive to the asymmetric tail expressions of other dogs supports the hypothesis of a link between brain asymmetry and social behavior and may prove useful to canine animal welfare theory and practice. |
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0960-9822 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5734 |
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