| Records |
| Author |
Leblanc, M.-A.; Duncan, P. |
| Title |
Can studies of cognitive abilities and of life in the wild really help us to understand equine learning? |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
76 |
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49-52 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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621 |
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| Author |
Hothersall, B.; Nicol, C. |
| Title |
Equine learning behaviour: accounting for ecological constraints and relationships with humans in experimental design |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
76 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
45-48 |
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no |
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632 |
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| Author |
Hanggi, E.B.; Ingersoll, J.F. |
| Title |
Stimulus discrimination by horses under scotopic conditions |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
82 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
45-50 |
| Keywords |
Discrimination learning; Equine; Horse; Night vision; Scotopic vision |
| Abstract |
Scotopic vision in horses (Equus caballus) was investigated using behavioral measurements for the first time. Four horses were tested for the ability to make simple visual discriminations of geometric figures (circles and triangles) under various brightness levels within an enclosed building. Measurements of brightness ranging from 10.37 to 24.12 magnitudes per square arcsecond (mag/arcsec2; in candelas per square meter--7.70 to 2.43E-05 cd/m2) were taken using a Sky Quality Meter. These values approximated outdoor conditions ranging from twilight in open country to a dark moonless night in dense forest. The horses were able to solve the discrimination problems in all brightness settings up to 23.77 mag/arcsec2 (3.35E-05 cd/m2). Moreover, they easily navigated their way around obstacles located within the testing area in extremely dim light (>23.50 mag/arcsec2; 4.30E-05 cd/m2), which were in conditions too dark for the human experimenters to see. These findings support physiological data that reveal a rod-dominated visual system as well as observations of equine activity at night. |
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0376-6357 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5051 |
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| Author |
Creighton, E. |
| Title |
Equine learning behaviour: Limits of ability and ability limits of trainers |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
76 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
43-44 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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633 |
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| Author |
Boughner, R.L.; Papini, M.R. |
| Title |
Appetitive latent inhibition in rats: preexposure performance does not predict conditioned performance |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
72 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
42-51 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Association Learning; *Conditioning, Classical; *Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Individuality; *Inhibition (Psychology); Male; Motivation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; *Reaction Time |
| Abstract |
Nonreinforced preexposure to a conditioned stimulus impairs subsequent conditioning with that stimulus. The goal of these studies was to assess the extent to which acquisition performance could be predicted from preexposure performance using a correlational approach. For both preexposure and autoshaping, four measures of performance were computed, including overall average lever pressing, lever pressing in the initial session, percentage change in lever pressing, and slopes. These measures were correlated in a large sample of rats trained in an autoshaping situation. None of the three measures of autoshaping performance was consistently predicted by any of the three measures of preexposure performance. These results are consistent with the view that latent inhibition is not reducible to long-term habituation. |
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Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, TX 76129, United States |
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English |
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0376-6357 |
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PMID:16406375 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4147 |
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| Author |
Vallortigara, G.; Andrew, R.J. |
| Title |
Differential involvement of right and left hemisphere in individual recognition in the domestic chick |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
41-57 |
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Right hemisphere; Left hemisphere; Domestic fowl; Lateralization; Chick |
| Abstract |
Right hemisphere advantage in individual recognition (as shown by differences between response to strangers and companions) is clear in the domestic chick. Chicks using the left eye (and so, thanks to the complete optic decussation, predominantly the right hemisphere) discriminate between stranger and companion. Chicks using the right eye discriminate less clearly or not at all. The ability of left eyed chicks to respond to differences between strangers and companions stimuli is associated with a more general ability to detect and respond to novelty: this difference between left and right eyed chicks also holds for stimuli which are not social partners. The right hemisphere also shows advantage in tasks with a spatial component (topographical learning; response to change in the spatial context of a stimulus) in the chick, as in humans. Similar specialisations of the two hemispheres are also revealed in tests which involve olfactory cues presented by social partners. The special properties of the left hemisphere are less well established in the chick. Evidence reviewed here suggests that it tends to respond to selected properties of a stimulus and to use them to assign it to a category; such assignment then allows an appropriate response. When exposed to an imprinting stimulus (visual or auditory) a chick begins by using right eye or ear (suggesting left hemisphere control), and then shifts to the left eye or ear (suggesting right hemisphere control), as exposure continues. The left hemisphere here is thus involved whilst behaviour is dominated by vigorous response to releasing stimuli presented by an object. Subsequent learning about the full detailed properties of the stimulus, which is crucial for individual recognition, may explain the shift to right hemisphere control after prolonged exposure to the social stimulus. There is a marked sex difference in choice tests: females tend to choose companions in tests where males choose strangers. It is possible that this difference is specifically caused by stronger motivation to sustain social contact in female chicks, for which there is extensive evidence. However, sex differences in response to change in familiar stimuli are also marked in tests which do not involve social partners. Finally, in both sexes there are two periods during development in which there age-dependent shifts in bias to use one or other hemisphere. These periods (days 3-5 and 8-11) coincide with two major changes in the social behaviour of chicks reared by a hen in a normal brood. It is argued that one function of these periods is to bring fully into play the hemisphere most appropriate to the type of response to, and learning about, social partners which is needed at particular points in development. Parallels are discussed between the involvement of lateralised processes in the recognition of social partners in chicks and humans. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5341 |
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| Author |
Sigurjónsdóttir , H. |
| Title |
Equine learning behaviour: The importance of evolutionary and ecological approach in research |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
76 |
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40-42 |
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no |
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624 |
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Perusse, D.; Lefebvre, L. |
| Title |
Grouped sequential exploitation of food patches in a flock feeder, the feral pigeon |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
39-52 |
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Feral and laboratory flocks of rock doves ( ) show a pattern of grouped sequential exploitation when simultaneously presented with two dispersed, depleting patches of seed. This behavior contrasts with the ideal free distribution pattern shown when patches are small and concentrated. Grouped sequential exploitation consists of two phases: all pigeons first land together and feed at one patch, then leave one by one for the other patch. Departure times of individuals for the second patch are correlated with feeding rate at patch 1, which is in turn correlated with position in the dominance hierarchy. The decision to switch from patch 1 to patch 2 improves individual feeding rates in all cases, but is done slightly later than it should according to optimal foraging theory. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4227 |
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| Author |
Krueger, K.; Flauger, B. |
| Title |
Social learning in horses from a novel perspective |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
76 |
Issue |
1 |
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37-39 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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625 |
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| Author |
Heitor, F.; Vicente, L. |
| Title |
Learning about horses: What is equine learning all about? |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
76 |
Issue |
1 |
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34-36 |
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