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Author | Marinier, S.L.; Alexander, A.J. | ||||
Title | Selective grazing behaviour in horses: development of methodology and preliminary use of tests to measure individual grazing ability | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1991 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume | 30 | Issue | 3-4 | Pages | 203-221 |
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Abstract | Methods are described to assess horses' selective grazing ability that includes choosing, sorting and the adaptive value of this behaviour. Choosing ability was tested by the experimenter presenting pairs of cut plant species that were then alternated at each presentation until the test horse had taken three bites of one of the plant pair. The results were analysed in relation to five measures of choosing behaviour: (1) the strength of the choice; (2) correspondence between first bite and the final choice; (3) constancy of the choice over a number of trials; (4) the comparison of the horses' ranking of the species over a number of trials; (5) the constancy of the linear arrangement of the plants over a number of trials. Sorting ability was tested using two methods. A mixture of two plant species was presented either in a clamp or loose in a trough. Results were based on number and weight of plant residues. The adaptive value of the behaviour related to the bitterness of toxic plants. This bitterness was represented in testing by quinine sulphate and a poisonous Senecio species. An extremely bitter substance “Bitrex” was also used in this context but was totally accepted by the horses. The horses' reactions to these substances were monitored using a behavioural score chart. The results from 12 horses revealed that the horses differed individually in their grazing ability. On this basis, the horses were classified as efficient, semi-efficient, or inefficient grazers. This finding has practical implications in deciding which horses may safely graze on pastures infested with toxic plants. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4230 | ||
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Author | Gough, M.R. | ||||
Title | A note on the use of behavioural modification to aid clipping ponies | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1999 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume | 63 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 171-175 |
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Notes | Cited By (since 1996): 3; Export Date: 21 October 2008 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4518 | ||
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Author | Lieberman, D. | ||||
Title | Type | Book Whole | |||
Year | 1993 | Publication | Learning, Behaviour and Cognition, 2nd Ed. | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Notes | Cited By (since 1996): 8; Export Date: 21 October 2008 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4525 | ||
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Author | Mills, D.S.; Nankervis, K.J. | ||||
Title | Type | Book Whole | |||
Year | 1999 | Publication | Equine Behaviour: Principles and Practice | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Notes | Cited By (since 1996): 26; Export Date: 21 October 2008 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4533 | ||
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Author | Clutton-Brock, J. | ||||
Title | Origins of the dog: domestication and early history | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behaviour and Interactions with People | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge | Editor | Serpell, J.A. |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Clutton-Brock1995 | Serial | 6247 | ||
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Author | Harrington, F.H.; Mech, L.D. | ||||
Title | Wolf howling and its role in territory maintenance | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1979 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 68 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harrington1979 | Serial | 6455 | ||
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Author | Gorecka, A.; Golonka, M.; Chruszczewski, M.; Jezierski, T. | ||||
Title | A note on behaviour and heart rate in horses differing in facial hair whorl | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2007 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume | 105 | Issue | 1-3 | Pages | 244-248 |
Keywords | Horse; Hair whorls; Behavioural tests; Reactivity; Heart rate | ||||
Abstract | The relationship between facial hair whorl position and reactivity, as assessed by behavioural measures (handling score = HS; startle reaction to a suddenly appearing novel object = SR; latency to touch a novel object = LNO) and heart rate measures (mean HR; increase in heart rate = IHR) were studied using 55 Konik horses reared either under conventional stable conditions or in the forest reserve. Horses were classified into four groups according to the whorl position and/or shape: (1) high, single whorl above the top eye line, n = 9; (2) medium, single whorl between the top and the bottom eye line, n = 30; (3) low, single whorl below the bottom eye line, n = 10; and (4) elongated or double whorl, n = 6. Horses with a high whorl position demonstrated a lesser degree of manageability as expressed by a lower HS compared to individuals with medium (P = 0.002) or low whorl positions (P = 0.016). Horses with different whorl positions did not differ significantly in their startle response to a suddenly appearing novel object (P = 0.685). The horses with an elongated or double whorl, which appeared only in the forest group, took significantly longer to approach the novel object than horses with medium (P = 0.006) or low (P = 0.005) whorl positions. No significant differences in mean HR and IHR between groups (HR: P = 0.629 and IHR: P = 0.214) were found. In conclusion, this study supports the relationship between the position of the hair whorl on the horses' head and their manageability during handling, as well as the latency to approach an unknown object. | ||||
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 460 | ||
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Author | NICOLA J. ROONEY & JOHN W. S. BRADSHAW | ||||
Title | Social cognition in the domestic dog: behaviour of spectators towards participants in interspecific games | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Animal Behaviour. | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
Volume | 72 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 343-352 |
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Abstract | previous termSocial cognition,next term in particular the derivation of previous termsocialnext term information from observation of interactions between members of a previous termsocialnext term group, has been widely investigated in primates, but it has received little attention in other previous termsocialnext term mammals, although it has been anecdotally reported in the previous termdomestic dog,next term Canis familiaris. We recorded the behaviour of previous termdogsnext term (“spectators”) that had observed controlled interactions between a human and a previous termdognext term (the “demonstrator”) competing for an object, and that were subsequently allowed to interact freely with both participants. When the competitions were playful, as indicated by signals performed by the human, the spectator was more likely to approach the winner first and/or more rapidly, suggesting that winners of games are perceived as desirable previous termsocialnext term partners. When the human did not perform play signals, changing the previous termsocialnext term context from play to contest over a resource, spectators were slower to approach either of the participants, suggesting that participants in contests were less desirable as previous termsocialnext term partners than participants in games. If the previous termdognext term was prevented from seeing the game, it still reacted differently to the winner and the loser, but its behaviour was not the same as after games that it had seen. We conclude that spectator previous termdogsnext term gain information from the players' subsequent behaviour as well as from direct observation of the game. | ||||
Address | N. J. Rooney, Anthrozoology Institute, School of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, U.K. | ||||
Corporate Author | Anthrozoology Institute, University of Bristol, U.K. | Thesis | |||
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Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 29 | ||
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Author | Mateo, J.M. | ||||
Title | The nature and representation of individual recognition odours in Belding's ground squirrels | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2006 | Publication | Animal Behaviour. | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
Volume | 71 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 141-154 |
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Abstract | In many taxonomic groups, odours provide cues to species identity, reproductive status, genetic relatedness and individual identity. These odour cues are often used to mark territories or other resources and to recognize individuals through direct or indirect olfactory investigation. Belding's ground squirrels, Spermophilus beldingi, frequently scent-mark their environment and they also investigate the scent glands of conspecifics, which suggests that odours play a modulating role in their social relationships. I conducted studies to determine what information is conveyed by various S. beldingi odours and whether this information is used by conspecifics for social recognition. Spermophilus beldingi produce a number of cues that are individually distinct, including odours from oral, dorsal, pedal and anal glands and from ears, but apparently not from urine, although it is unclear whether all of these odours are used for social recognition. This discrimination among odours of individuals does not require prior familiarity with the odour bearers. The volatile components of some odours are sufficient to permit individual discrimination, which may explain how animals appear to [`]recognize' each other from a short distance. Finally, S. beldingi incorporate multiple odours into their memories of conspecifics as perception of one odour of an individual generalizes to a second odour from it, suggesting a mental representation of familiar individuals. The production of multiple unique odours may facilitate accurate discrimination of conspecifics along several social dimensions, and some of these odours also vary with relatedness. Together, these results indicate a rich olfactory milieu mediating the social lives of S. beldingi. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4640 | ||
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Author | Croneya, C.C. | ||||
Title | Group size and cognitive processes | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2007 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume | 103 | Issue | 3-4 | Pages | 15-228 |
Keywords | Group size; Social complexity; Social learning; Cognitive processes | ||||
Abstract | Animal group sizes may exert important effects on various cognitive mechanisms. Group size is believed to exert pressures on fundamental brain structures that correlate with the increased social demands placed on animals living in relatively large, complex and dynamic social organizations. There is strong experimental evidence connecting social complexity, social learning and development of other cognitive abilities in a broad range of wild and domesticated animal species. In particular, group size seems to have significant effects on animals? abilities to derive concrete and abstract relationships. Here, we review the literature pertaining to cognitive processes and behaviours of various animal species relative to group size, with emphasis on social learning. It is suggested that understanding the relationship between group size and cognition in animals may yield practical animal management benefits, such as housing and conservation strategies, and may also have implications for improved animal welfare. |
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Corporate Author | Ruth C. Newberryb | Thesis | |||
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 277 | ||
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