| Records |
| Author |
Cantlon, J.F.; Brannon, E.M. |
| Title |
How Much Does Number Matter to a Monkey (Macaca mulatta)? |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes |
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| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
32-41 |
| Keywords |
numerical cognition; Weber's law; nonhuman primates; numerosity |
| Abstract |
Although many animal species can represent numerical values, little is known about how salient number is relative to other object properties for nonhuman animals. In one hypothesis, researchers propose that animals represent number only as a last resort, when no other properties differentiate stimuli. An alternative hypothesis is that animals automatically, spontaneously, and routinely represent the numerical attributes of their environments. The authors compared the influence of number versus that of shape, color, and surface area on rhesus monkeys' (Macaca mulatta) decisions by testing them on a matching task with more than one correct answer: a numerical match and a nonnumerical (color, surface area, or shape) match. The authors also tested whether previous laboratory experience with numerical discrimination influenced a monkey's propensity to represent number. Contrary to the last-resort hypothesis, all monkeys based their decisions on numerical value when the numerical ratio was favorable. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2891 |
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| Author |
Gray, E.R.; Spetch, M.L. |
| Title |
Pigeons Encode Absolute Distance but Relational Direction From Landmarks and Walls |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes |
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32 |
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4 |
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474-480 |
| Keywords |
spatial cognition; absolute distance; relational direction; landmark configurations |
| Abstract |
In recent studies, researchers have examined animals' use of absolute or relational distances in finding a hidden goal. When trained with an array of landmarks, most animals use the default strategy of searching at an absolute distance from 1 or more landmarks. In contrast, when trained in enclosures, animals often use the relationship among walls. In the present study, pigeons were trained to find the center of an array of landmarks or a set of short walls that did not block external cues. Expansion tests showed that both groups of pigeons primarily used an absolute distance strategy. However, on rotational tests, pigeons continued to search in the center of the array, suggesting that direction was learned in relation to array. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2894 |
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| Author |
Custance DM; Whiten A; Bard KA |
| Title |
Can young chimpanzees imitate arbitrary actions? Hayes and Hayes (1952) revisited |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
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Behavior |
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132 |
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839 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2990 |
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| Author |
Saleh, N.; Chittka, L. |
| Title |
The importance of experience in the interpretation of conspecific chemical signals |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
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Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
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61 |
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2 |
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215-220 |
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Abstract Foraging bumblebees scent mark flowers with hydrocarbon secretions. Several studies have found these scent marks act as a repellent to bee foragers. This was thought to minimize the risk of visiting recently depleted flowers. Some studies, however, have found a reverse, attractive effect of scent marks left on flowers. Do bees mark flowers with different scents, or could the same scent be interpreted differently depending on the bees? previous experience with reward levels in flowers? We use a simple experimental design to investigate if the scent marks can become attractive when bees forage on artificial flowers that remain rewarding upon the bees? return after having depleted them. We contrast this with bees trained in the more natural scenario where revisits to recently emptied flowers are unrewarding. The bees association between scent mark and reward value was tested with flowers scent marked from the same source. We find that the bees experience with the level of reward determines how the scent mark is interpreted: the same scent can act as both an attractant and a repellent. How experience and learning influence the interpretation of the meaning of chemical signals deposited by animals for communication has rarely been investigated. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3150 |
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| Author |
Dugatkin, L.A.; Alfieri, M. |
| Title |
Guppies and the TIT FOR TAT strategy: preference based on past interaction |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1991 |
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Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
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Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
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28 |
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4 |
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243-246 |
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The evolution of cooperation requires either (a) nonrandom interactions, such that cooperators preferentially interact with other cooperators, or (b) conditional behaviors, such that individuals act cooperatively primarily towards other cooperators. Although these conditions can be met without assuming sophisticated animal cognition, they are more likely to be met if animals can remember individuals with whom they have interacted, associate past interactions with these individuals, and base future behavior on this information. Here we show that guppies (Poecilia reticulata), in the context of predator inspection behavior, can identify and remember (for at least 4 h) the “more cooperative” among two conspecifics and subsequently choose to be near these individuals in future encounters. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3397 |
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| Author |
Sluyter F.; Arseneault L.; Moffitt T.E.; Veenema A.H.; de Boer S.; Koolhaas J.M. |
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Toward an Animal Model for Antisocial Behavior: Parallels Between Mice and Humans: Aggression |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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Behavior Genetics |
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33 |
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563-574 |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
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3497 |
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Kurtzman H.S.; Church R.M.; Crystal J.D. |
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Data archiving for animal cognition research: Report of an NIMH workshop |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
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Animal Learning & Behavior |
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30 |
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405-412 |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
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3504 |
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| Author |
McGreevy, P.D. |
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2004 |
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Equine Behavior: A Guide for Veterinarians and Equine Scientists |
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Cited By (since 1996): 25; Export Date: 21 October 2008 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4530 |
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| Author |
Waring, G.H. |
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2003 |
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Horse behavior. 2nd ed |
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442 pp |
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Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 21 October 2008 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4548 |
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| Author |
Grzimek, B. |
| Title |
On the Psychology of the Horse |
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1968 |
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Man and Animal: Studies in Behavior |
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37-46 |
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Cited By (since 1996): 4; Export Date: 24 October 2008 |
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no |
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Admin @ knut @ |
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4592 |
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