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Author | Schwarz, S.; Marr, I.; Farmer, K.; Graf, K.; Stefanski, V.; Krueger, K. | ||||
Title | Does Carrying a Rider Change Motor and Sensory Laterality in Horses? | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
Volume | 12 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 992 |
Keywords | laterality; horse; rider; sensory laterality; motor laterality; novel object; side preference | ||||
Abstract | Laterality in horses has been studied in recent decades. Although most horses are kept for riding purposes, there has been almost no research on how laterality may be affected by carrying a rider. In this study, 23 horses were tested for lateral preferences, both with and without a rider, in three different experiments. The rider gave minimal aids and rode on a long rein to allow the horse free choice. Firstly, motor laterality was assessed by observing forelimb preference when stepping over a pole. Secondly, sensory laterality was assessed by observing perceptual side preferences when the horse was confronted with (a) an unfamiliar person or (b) a novel object. After applying a generalised linear model, this preliminary study found that a rider increased the strength of motor laterality (p = 0.01) but did not affect sensory laterality (p = 0.8). This suggests that carrying a rider who is as passive as possible does not have an adverse effect on a horse�s stress levels and mental state. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6667 | ||
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Author | Janczarek, I.; Wisniewska, A.; Chruszczewski, M.H.; Tkaczyk, E.; Górecka-Bruzda, A. | ||||
Title | Social Behaviour of Horses in Response to Vocalisations of Predators | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2020 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
Volume | 10 | Issue | 2331 | Pages | |
Keywords | horse; predator; vocalisation; social defensive behaviour; grey wolf; Arabian leopard; golden jackal | ||||
Abstract | We tested the hypothesis that social defensive responses to the vocalisation of a predator still exist in horses. The recordings of a grey wolf, an Arabian leopard and a golden jackal were played to 20 Konik polski and Arabian mares. Durations of grazing, standing still, standing alert and the number of steps in walk and trot/canter were measured. In one-minute scans, the distances of the focal horse from the reference horse (DIST-RH) and from the nearest loudspeaker (DIST-LS) were approximated. The vocalisation of a leopard aroused the Arabians more than the Koniks (less grazing, stand-still and walk, more stand-alert and trotting/cantering). Koniks showed more relaxed behaviours to the leopard vocalisation (more grazing, stand-still and walk), but high alertness to the wolf playback (stand-alert, trotting/cantering). Spatial formation of the herd of Koniks showed tight grouping (lower DIST-RH) and maintaining distance from the potential threat (DIST-LS) in response to the wolf howling, while the Arabians approached the loudspeakers in linear herd formation when the leopard growls were played. Adult horses responded to potential predation by changing spatial group formations. This ability to apply a social strategy may be one of the explanations for the least number of horses among all hunted farm animal species. | ||||
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Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | Animals | ||
Series Volume | 10 | Series Issue | 12 | Edition | |
ISSN | 2076-2615 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6675 | ||
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Author | Krueger, K.; Trager, L.; Farmer, K.; Byrne, R. | ||||
Title | Tool Use in Horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
Volume | 12 | Issue | 15 | Pages | 1876 |
Keywords | crowdsourcing; horse; innovation; mule; management; tool use | ||||
Abstract | Tool use has not yet been confirmed in horses, mules or donkeys. As this subject is difficult to research with conventional methods, we used a crowdsourcing approach to gather data. We contacted equid owners and carers and asked them to report and video examples of �unusual� behaviour via a dedicated website. We also searched YouTube and Facebook for videos of equids showing tool use. From 635 reports, including 1014 behaviours, we found 20 cases of tool use, 13 of which were unambiguous in that it was clear that the behaviour was not trained, caused by reduced welfare, incidental or accidental. We then assessed (a) the effect of management conditions on tool use and (b) whether the animals used tools alone, or socially, involving other equids or humans. We found that management restrictions were associated with corresponding tool use in 12 of the 13 cases (p = 0.01), e.g., equids using sticks to scrape hay within reach when feed was restricted. Furthermore, 8 of the 13 cases involved other equids or humans, such as horses using brushes to groom others. The most frequent tool use was for foraging, with seven examples, tool use for social purposes was seen in four cases, and there was just one case of tool use for escape. There was just one case of tool use for comfort, and in this instance, there were no management restrictions. Equids therefore can develop tool use, especially when management conditions are restricted, but it is a rare occurrence. | ||||
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Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | Animals | ||
Series Volume | 12 | Series Issue | 15 | Edition | |
ISSN | 2076-2615 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6695 | ||
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Author | HAFEZ, E.S.E.; WILLIAMS, M.; WIERZBOWSKI, S. | ||||
Title | The Behaviour of Horses. | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 1962 | Publication | In: Hafez. ESE: The Behaviour of Domestic Animals London | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 370-396 | ||
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Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Serial | 1156 | |||
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Author | Holekamp, K.E, Boydston, E.E; Smale, L. | ||||
Title | Group Travel in Social Carnivores | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2000 | Publication | On the Move: How and Why Animals Travel in Groups | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 587-627 | ||
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Publisher | Chicago University Press | Place of Publication | Chicago | Editor | Boinski, S.; Garber, P.A. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5147 | ||
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Author | Siegel, H.S. | ||||
Title | Effects of behavioural and physical stressors on immune responses. | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 1987 | Publication | Biology of Stress in Farm Animals | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Publisher | Martinus Nijhoff | Place of Publication | London | Editor | |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5994 | ||
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Author | Hunt, G.R.; Gray R.D.; Taylor, A.H. | ||||
Title | Why is tool use rare in animals? | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Tool Use in Animals: Cognition and Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge, MA. | Editor | anz C, Call J, Boesch C |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6658 | ||
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Author | Mendl M, Held Z. | ||||
Title | Living in gourps: Evolutionary Perspective | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | Publication | Social Behavior in Farm Animals | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Abstract | An understanding of social behavior is increasingly necessary in farm animal husbandry as more animals are housed in groups rather than in individual stalls or pens. There may be economic or welfare reasons for such housing. This book is the first to specifically address this important subject. The chapters fall into three broad subject areas: concepts in social behavior; species specific chapters; current issues. Authors include leading experts from Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand. | ||||
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ISSN | ISBN | 9780851993973 | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 512 | ||
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Author | Allen, C. | ||||
Title | Transitive inference in animals: Reasoning or conditioned associations? | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 2006 | Publication | Rational Animals? | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 175-186 | ||
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Abstract | It is widely accepted that many species of nonhuman animals appear to engage in transitive inference, producing appropriate responses to novel pairings of non-adjacent members of an ordered series without previous experience of these pairings. Some researchers have taken this capability as providing direct evidence that these animals reason. Others resist such declarations, favouring instead explanations in terms of associative conditioning. Associative accounts of transitive inference have been refined in application to a simple 5-element learning task that is the main paradigm for laboratory investigations of the phenomenon, but it remains unclear how well those accounts generalise to more information-rich environments such as social hierarchies which may contain scores of individuals, and where rapid learning is important. The case of transitive inference is an example of a more general dispute between proponents of associative accounts and advocates of more cognitive accounts of animal behaviour. Examination of the specific details of transitive inference suggests some lessons for the wider debate. |
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Address | Texas A&M University | ||||
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Publisher | Oxford University Press | Place of Publication | Oxford | Editor | Hurley, S.; Nudds, M. |
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ISSN | ISBN | 978-0-19-852827-2 | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 611 | ||
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Author | Bökönyi, S. | ||||
Title | Horse | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1984 | Publication | Evolution of domesticated animals | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 18 | Issue | Pages | 162-173 | |
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Publisher | John Wiley & Sons | Place of Publication | Hoboken, NJ | Editor | Manson |
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ISSN | ISBN | Product Details * Hardcover * Publisher: John Wiley & Sons (May 1986) * ISBN-10: 047020 | Medium | ||
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Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Serial | 949 | |||
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