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| Author | Tomasello, M. | ||||
| Title | Do apes ape? | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Social learning in animals: the roots of culture | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 319-346 | ||
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| Publisher | Academic Press | Place of Publication | London | Editor | Heyes, C. M.; Galef, B.G. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5600 | ||
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| Author | Heyes, C.M. | ||||
| Title | Transformation and associative theories of imitation. | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Imitation in animals and artefacts | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 501-523 | ||
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| Publisher | MIT Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge, MA. | Editor | Dautenhahn, K. ; Nehaniv, C. L. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5602 | ||
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| Author | Hau, J.; Andersson, E.; Carlsson, H.-E. | ||||
| Title | Development and validation of a sensitive ELISA for quantification of secretory IgA in rat saliva and faeces | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Laboratory Animals | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 35 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 301-306 |
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| Abstract | Non-invasive measures of immunological markers are an attractive means of stress assessment in laboratory animals. Salivary IgA has been used successfully as a stress marker in the human, and several reports indicate the potential of secretory IgA as a non-invasive measure of stress in animals. The present paper describes the development of an ELISA using commercially available components for the quantification of rat IgA and validation of this assay for the quantification of rat secretory IgA in saliva and faeces. The concentration of IgA in rat saliva varied significantly between duplicate samples obtained from individual rats, and the viscosity and small total volume of rat saliva gave unsatisfactory results for IgA. Faecal IgA was present in high concentrations, and duplicate samples varied by only 2-3%. However, faecal IgA seemed less stable than IgA in other biological compartments, and this finding must be taken into consideration when using quantitative measurements of IgA as a marker of mucous humoral immune status. | ||||
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| Notes | 10.1258/0023677011911822 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5851 | ||
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| Author | Siegel, H.S. | ||||
| Title | Effects of behavioural and physical stressors on immune responses. | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 1987 | Publication | Biology of Stress in Farm Animals | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Publisher | Martinus Nijhoff | Place of Publication | London | Editor | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5994 | ||
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| Author | Wolter, R.; Stefanski, V.; Krueger, K. | ||||
| Title | Parameters for the Analysis of Social Bonds in Horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 191 |
| Keywords | feral horses; mutual grooming; social bonds; social bond analysis; spatial proximity | ||||
| Abstract | Social bond analysis is of major importance for the evaluation of social relationships in group housed horses. However, in equine behaviour literature, studies on social bond analysis are inconsistent. Mutual grooming (horses standing side by side and gently nipping, nuzzling, or rubbing each other), affiliative approaches (horses approaching each other and staying within one body length), and measurements of spatial proximity (horses standing with body contact or within two horse-lengths) are commonly used. In the present study, we assessed which of the three parameters is most suitable for social bond analysis in horses, and whether social bonds are affected by individual and group factors. We observed social behaviour and spatial proximity in 145 feral horses, five groups of Przewalski�s horses (N = 36), and six groups of feral horses (N = 109) for 15 h per group, on three days within one week. We found grooming, friendly approaches, and spatial proximity to be robust parameters, as their correlation was affected only by the animals� sex (GLMM: N = 145, SE = 0.001, t = �2.7, p = 0.008) and the group size (GLMM: N = 145, SE < 0.001, t = 4.255, p < 0.001), but not by the horse breed, the aggression ratio, the social rank, the group, the group composition, and the individuals themselves. Our results show a trend for a correspondence between all three parameters (GLMM: N = 145, SE = 0.004, t = 1.95, p = 0.053), a strong correspondence between mutual grooming and friendly approaches (GLMM: N = 145, SE = 0.021, t = 3.922, p < 0.001), and a weak correspondence between mutual grooming and spatial proximity (GLMM: N = 145, SE = 0.04, t = 1.15, p = 0.25). We therefore suggest either using a combination of the proactive behaviour counts mutual grooming and friendly approaches, or using measurements of close spatial proximity, for the analysis of social bonds in horses within a limited time frame. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2076-2615 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6428 | ||
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| Author | Marr, I.; Farmer, K.; Krueger, K. | ||||
| Title | Evidence for Right-Sided Horses Being More Optimistic than Left-Sided Horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 219 |
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| Abstract | An individual's positive or negative perspective when judging an ambiguous stimulus (cognitive bias) can be helpful when assessing animal welfare. Emotionality, as expressed in approach or withdrawal behaviour, is linked to brain asymmetry. The predisposition to process information in the left or right brain hemisphere is displayed in motor laterality. The quality of the information being processed is indicated by the sensory laterality. Consequently, it would be quicker and more repeatable to use motor or sensory laterality to evaluate cognitive bias than to perform the conventional judgment bias test. Therefore, the relationship between cognitive bias and motor or sensory laterality was tested. The horses (n = 17) were trained in a discrimination task involving a box that was placed in either a “positive” or “negative” location. To test for cognitive bias, the box was then placed in the middle, between the trained positive and negative location, in an ambiguous location, and the latency to approach the box was evaluated. Results indicated that horses that were more likely to use the right forelimb when moving off from a standing position were more likely to approach the ambiguous box with a shorter latency (generalized linear mixed model, p < 0.01), and therefore displayed a positive cognitive bias (optimistic). | ||||
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| ISSN | 2076-2615 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ ani8120219 | Serial | 6439 | ||
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| Author | Esch, L.; Wöhr, C.; Erhard, M.; Krueger, K. | ||||
| Title | Horses� (Equus Caballus) Laterality, Stress Hormones, and Task Related Behavior in Innovative Problem-Solving | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 265 |
| Keywords | innovative behavior; brain lateralization; glucocorticoid metabolites; behavioral traits; equine cognition | ||||
| Abstract | Domesticated horses are constantly confronted with novel tasks. A recent study on anecdotal data indicates that some are innovative in dealing with such tasks. However, innovative behavior in horses has not previously been investigated under experimental conditions. In this study, we investigated whether 16 horses found an innovative solution when confronted with a novel feeder. Moreover, we investigated whether innovative behavior in horses may be affected by individual aspects such as: age, sex, size, motor and sensory laterality, fecal stress hormone concentrations (GCMs), and task-related behavior. Our study revealed evidence for 25% of the horses being capable of innovative problem solving for operating a novel feeder. Innovative horses of the present study were active, tenacious, and may be considered to have a higher inhibitory control, which was revealed by their task related behavior. Furthermore, they appeared to be emotional, reflected by high baseline GCM concentrations and a left sensory and motor laterality. These findings may contribute to the understanding of horses� cognitive capacities to deal with their environment and calls for enriched environments in sports and leisure horse management. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Esch2019 | Serial | 6570 | ||
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| Author | Sigurjónsdóttir, H.; Haraldsson, H. | ||||
| Title | Significance of Group Composition for the Welfare of Pastured Horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 14 |
| Keywords | horse welfare; aggression; allogrooming; pastured horses; Icelandic horse | ||||
| Abstract | Simple Summary Because of their social nature, horses need to have plenty of opportunities to interact with others to establish bonds and learn from their elders. Comparison of social behaviour of 426 horses in 20 groups of Icelandic horses in pastures, showed that aggression was lowest where the group composition was like the natural system, i.e., with a stallion, mares and their young foals. In groups without a stallion, the presence of foals is also associated with low aggression. Stability of the group with respect to group composition is of great importance; the horses are less aggressive in the more stable groups. The highest aggression was found in groups of unfamiliar yearlings. The horses allogroomed more in groups with relatively more young horses, which suggests they are forming bonds. Later, they groom less but prefer certain individuals. Horse owners should all be aware of the importance of planning the composition of horse groups and to keep the membership as stable as possible in order to ensure good welfare. Abstract We explore how herd composition and management factors correlate with frequencies of social interactions in horse groups. Since the welfare of horses correlates with low aggression levels and social contact opportunities, information of this kind is important. The data are a collection of records of social interactions of 426 Icelandic horses in 20 groups of at least eight horses. The complexities and limitations of the data prohibit useful statistical modelling so the results are presented descriptively. Interesting and informative patterns emerge which can be of use both in management and in future studies. Of special interest are the low levels of agonistic behaviours in breeding groups where one stallion was present. The horses were less agonistic when in groups with young foals and where group membership was stable. Unfamiliar yearlings in peer groups were especially aggressive. Allogrooming was most frequent in groups with relatively more young horses and in unstable and small groups. Interestingly, the horses allogroomed more if they had few preferred allogrooming partners. The findings show that composition (age/sex) and stability of groups are of great importance with respect to aggression levels and opportunities for establishing bonds. |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6585 | ||
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| Author | McGreevy, P.; Berger, J.; De Brauwere, N.; Doherty, O.; Harrison, A.; Fiedler, J.; Jones, C.; McDonnell, S.; McLean, A.; Nakonechny, L.; Nicol, C.; Preshaw, L.; Thomson, P.; Tzioumis, V.; Webster, J.; Wolfensohn, S.; Yeates, J.; Jones, B | ||||
| Title | Using the Five Domains Model to Assess the Adverse Impacts of Husbandry, Veterinary, and Equitation Interventions on Horse Welfare. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 41 |
| Keywords | horse; welfare assessment; equitation; husbandry; five domains | ||||
| Abstract | The aim of this study was to conduct a series of paper-based exercises in order to assess the negative (adverse) welfare impacts, if any, of common interventions on domestic horses across a broad range of different contexts of equine care and training. An international panel (with professional expertise in psychology, equitation science, veterinary science, education, welfare, equestrian coaching, advocacy, and community engagement; n = 16) met over a four-day period to define and assess these interventions, using an adaptation of the domain-based assessment model. The interventions were considered within 14 contexts: C1 Weaning; C2 Diet; C3 Housing; C4 Foundation training; C5 Ill-health and veterinary interventions (chiefly medical); C6 Ill-health and veterinary interventions (chiefly surgical); C7 Elective procedures; C8 Care procedures; C9 Restraint for management procedures; C10 Road transport; C11 Activity—competition; C12 Activity—work; C13 Activity—breeding females; and C14 Activity—breeding males. Scores on a 1–10 scale for Domain 5 (the mental domain) gathered during the workshop were compared with overall impact scores on a 1–10 scale assigned by the same panellists individually before the workshop. The most severe (median and interquartile range, IQR) impacts within each context were identified during the workshop as: C1 abrupt, individual weaning (10 IQR 1); C2 feeding 100% low-energy concentrate (8 IQR 2.5); C3 indoor tie stalls with no social contact (9 IQR 1.5); C4 both (i) dropping horse with ropes (9 IQR 0.5) and forced flexion (9 IQR 0.5); C5 long-term curative medical treatments (8 IQR 3); C6 major deep intracavity surgery (8.5 IQR 1); C7 castration without veterinary supervision (10 IQR 1); C8 both (i) tongue ties (8 IQR 2.5) and (ii) restrictive nosebands (8 IQR 2.5); C9 ear twitch (8 IQR 1); C10 both (i) individual transport (7.00 IQR 1.5) and group transport with unfamiliar companions (7 IQR 1.5); C11 both (i) jumps racing (8 IQR 2.5) and Western performance (8 IQR 1.5); C12 carriage and haulage work (6 IQR 1.5); C13 wet nurse during transition between foals (7.5 IQR 3.75); and C14 teaser horse (7 IQR 8). Associations between pre-workshop and workshop scores were high, but some rankings changed after workshop participation, particularly relating to breeding practices. Domain 1 had the weakest association with Domain 5. The current article discusses the use of the domain-based model in equine welfare assessment, and offers a series of assumptions within each context that future users of the same approach may make when assessing animal welfare under the categories reported here. It also discusses some limitations in the framework that was used to apply the model. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6606 | ||
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| Author | Hunt, G.R.; Gray R.D.; Taylor, A.H. | ||||
| Title | Why is tool use rare in animals? | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Tool Use in Animals: Cognition and Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge, MA. | Editor | anz C, Call J, Boesch C |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6658 | ||
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