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Bond III, E.U.; Walker, B.A.; Hutt, M.D.; Reingen, P.H. |
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Title |
Reputational Effectiveness in Cross-Functional Working Relationships |
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2004 |
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Journal of Product Innovation Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
‎J. Prod. Innov. Manag. |
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21 |
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1 |
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44-60 |
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The work of innovation management involves cross-functional coordination among specialists and managers with different work orientations, time horizons, professional backgrounds, and values (Ford and Randolph, 1992). While strong connections across functions are critical for new product development success (Green et al., 2000), some managers may be more adept at fostering effective cross-functional relationships than others. In this article, the authors empirically examine the factors that distinguish reputationally effective innovation workers from their less effective peers. Drawing on the work of Tsui (1984, 1994), reputational effectiveness is defined as the degree to which a manager has been responsive to the needs and expectations of constituents. This research examines the relational skills and interaction patterns of more (versus less) reputationally effective managers. A large business unit of a Fortune 500 telecommunications firm provided the context for our study. Using a two-phase approach, the authors first captured the social network patterns of 268 managers from marketing, research and development (R&D), manufacturing, and other business functions that were involved in the new product development process. In addition, the reputational effectiveness of each person who was identified as a member of the network was measured. In the second phase, the authors examined the relational competencies (e.g., role-taking ability, interpersonal control, openness) of the managers who participated in Phase I of the research. As predicted, the results indicate that role-taking ability is related positively to a manager's reputational effectiveness. No support, however, was found for the relationship between interpersonal control and reputational effectiveness. Interestingly, the authors found evidence of an inverse relationship between openness and effectiveness. By sharing too much information?or alternatively information that does not relate to the task at hand?the reputational effectiveness of a manager is damaged. Importantly, the results reveal that the social network characteristics of a reputationally effective manager differ from those of less effective managers. Closeness centrality, a measure of the degree of access one has to other organizational members, was associated strongly with reputational effectiveness. The results demonstrate that managers who are successful in working across functions appreciate the cognitive and emotional perspectives of diverse constituents and develop relationship ties that provide them with ready access to others across the organization. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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0737-6782 |
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doi: 10.1111/j.0737-6782.2004.00053.x |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6540 |
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Author |
Rosati, A.G. |
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Title |
Foraging Cognition: Reviving the Ecological Intelligence Hypothesis |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
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21 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
691-702 |
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What are the origins of intelligent behavior? The demands associated with living in complex social groups have been the favored explanation for the evolution of primate cognition in general and human cognition in particular. However, recent comparative research indicates that ecological variation can also shape cognitive abilities. I synthesize the emerging evidence that ?foraging cognition? ? skills used to exploit food resources, including spatial memory, decision-making, and inhibitory control ? varies adaptively across primates. These findings provide a new framework for the evolution of human cognition, given our species? dependence on costly, high-value food resources. Understanding the origins of the human mind will require an integrative theory accounting for how humans are unique in both our sociality and our ecology. |
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Elsevier |
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1364-6613 |
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doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2017.05.011 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6586 |
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Golynski, M.; Szczepanik, M.P.; Wilkolek, P.M.; Adamek, L.R.; Sitkowski, W.; Taszkun, I. |
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Influence of hair clipping on transepidermal water loss values in horses: a pilot study |
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2018 |
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Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences |
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vol. 21 |
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No 1 |
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horses; transepidermal water loss; clipping |
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University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6612 |
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Bruns, A.; Waltert, M.; Khorozyan, I. |
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The effectiveness of livestock protection measures against wolves (Canis lupus) and implications for their co-existence with humans |
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2020 |
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Global Ecology and Conservation |
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21 |
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e00868 |
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Carnivore; Depredation; Efficiency; Germany; Intervention; Predator |
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Wolves (Canis lupus) can kill domestic livestock resulting in intense conflicts with humans. Damage to livestock should be reduced to facilitate human-wolf coexistence and ensure positive outcomes of conservation efforts. Current knowledge on the effectiveness of livestock protection measures from wolves is limited and scattered in the literature. In this study, we compiled a dataset of 30 cases describing the application of 11 measures of protecting cattle and smaller livestock against wolves, estimated their effectiveness as a relative risk of damage, and identified the best measures for damage reduction. We found that: (1) lethal control and translocation were less effective than other measures, (2) deterrents, especially fladry which is a fence with ropes marked by hanging colored flags that sway in the wind and provide a visual warning signal, were more effective than guarding dogs; (3) deterrents, fencing, calving control and herding were very effective, but the last two measures included only one case each; and (4) protection of cattle was more effective than that of small stock (sheep and goats, or sheep only) and mixed cattle and small stock. In all of these cases, the relative risk of damage was reduced by 50-100%. Considering Germany as an example of a country with a recovering wolf population and escalating human-wolf conflicts, we suggest electric fences and electrified fladry as the most promising measures, which under suitable conditions can be accompanied by well-trained livestock guarding dogs, and the temporary use of deterrents during critical periods such as calving and lambing seasons. Further research in this field is of paramount importance to efficiently mitigate human-wolf conflicts. |
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2351-9894 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6641 |
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Author |
Schuetz, A.; Farmer, K.; Krueger, K. |
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Title |
Social learning across species: horses (Equus caballus) learn from humans by observation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
567-573 |
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This study examines whether horses can learn by observing humans, given that they identify individual humans and orientate on the focus of human attention. We tested 24 horses aged between 3 and 12. Twelve horses were tested on whether they would learn to open a feeding apparatus by observing a familiar person. The other 12 were controls and received exactly the same experimental procedure, but without a demonstration of how to operate the apparatus. More horses from the group with demonstration (8/12) reached the learning criterion of opening the feeder twenty times consecutively than horses from the control group (2/12), and younger horses seemed to reach the criterion more quickly. Horses not reaching the learning criteria approached the human experimenters more often than those that did. The results demonstrate that horses learn socially across species, in this case from humans. |
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1435-9456 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Schuetz2016 |
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6028 |
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Author |
Ringhofer, M.; Yamamoto, S. |
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Erratum to: Domestic horses send signals to humans when they are faced with an unsolvable task |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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20 |
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3 |
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407-407 |
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Some domestic animals are thought to be skilled at social communication with humans due to the process of domestication. Horses, being in close relationship with humans, similar to dogs, might be skilled at communication with humans. Previous studies have indicated that they are sensitive to bodily signals and the attentional state of humans; however, there are few studies that investigate communication with humans and responses to the knowledge state of humans. Our first question was whether and how horses send signals to their potentially helpful but ignorant caretakers in a problem-solving situation where a food item was hidden in a bucket that was accessible only to the caretakers. We then examined whether horses alter their behaviours on the basis of the caretakers’ knowledge of where the food was hidden. We found that horses communicated to their caretakers using visual and tactile signals. The signalling behaviour of the horses significantly increased in conditions where the caretakers had not seen the hiding of the food. These results suggest that horses alter their communicative behaviour towards humans in accordance with humans’ knowledge state. |
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1435-9456 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Ringhofer2017 |
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6135 |
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Author |
Griffin, A.S.; Tebbich, S.; Bugnyar, T. |
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Title |
Animal cognition in a human-dominated world |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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20 |
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1 |
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1-6 |
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In the USA, each year, up to one billion birds are estimated to die from colliding with windowpanes (Sabo et al. 2016). A further 573,000 are struck down by wind turbines, along with 888,000 bats (Smallwood 2013). Worldwide, unintended capture in fishing devices is recognized as the single most serious global threat to migratory, long-lived marine taxa including turtles, birds, mammals and sharks (Wallace et al. 2013). Estimates put the number of amphibians killed per year on Australian roads at 5 million (Seiler 2003). The likelihood of a green turtle erroneously ingesting plastic debris, often by mistaking them for food, rose from 30% in 1985 to almost 50% in 2012 (Schuyler et al. 2013). Human-induced rapid environmental change (HIREC, sensu Sih et al. 2011) is filling animals’ environments with new threats which bear little or excessive similarity to those they have encountered in their evolutionary history (Dwernychuk and Boag 1972; Patten and Kelley 2010; Witherington 1997). As a consequence, many of the stimuli involved fall outside the adaptive processing space of animals’ evolutionary perceptual, learning, memory and decision-making systems, making individuals particularly vulnerable to their impact. |
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1435-9456 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Griffin2017 |
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6129 |
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Author |
Siniscalchi, M.; Padalino, B.; Aubé, L.; Quaranta, A. |
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Right-nostril use during sniffing at arousing stimuli produces higher cardiac activity in jumper horses |
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2015 |
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Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition |
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Laterality |
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20 |
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4 |
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483-500 |
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Lateralization in horses, Equus caballus, has been reported at both motor and sensory levels. Here we investigated left- and right-nostril use in 12 jumper horses freely sniffing different emotive stimuli. Results revealed that during sniffing at adrenaline and oestrus mare urine stimuli, horses showed a clear right-nostril bias while just a tendency in the use of the right nostril was observed during sniffing of other odours (food, cotton swab and repellent). Sniffing at adrenaline and urine odours was also accompanied by increasing cardiac activity and behavioural reactivity strengthening the role of the right hemisphere in the analysis of intense emotion and sexual behaviour. |
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Routledge |
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1357-650x |
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doi: 10.1080/1357650X.2015.1005629 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6208 |
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Berger, K.M. |
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Carnivore-Livestock conflicts: effects of subsidized predator control and economic correlates on the sheep industry |
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2006 |
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Conserv Biol |
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20 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Berger2006 |
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6448 |
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Author |
Schwartz, L.P.; Silberberg, A.; Casey, A.H.; Kearns, D.N.; Slotnick, B. |
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Does a rat release a soaked conspecific due to empathy? |
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2017 |
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Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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20 |
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2 |
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299-308 |
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In Experiment 1, rats choosing in an E maze preferred to release a rat standing in a pool of water to dry ground over a rat already standing on dry ground. Five additional experiments showed that the choosing rat's preference for releasing the wet rat was maintained by two separable outcomes: (1) the social contact offered by the released rat and (2) the reinforcing value of proximity to a pool of water. These results call into question Sato et al.'s (Anim Cogn 18:1039-1047, 2015) claim to have demonstrated that a rat's releasing of a wet rat to dry ground is empathically motivated. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Schwartz2017 |
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6559 |
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