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Author Kräußlich, H.; Brem, G. openurl 
  Title Tierzucht und allgemeine Landwirtschaftslehre für Tiermediziner Type Book Whole
  Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) Pages  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Enke Place of Publication Stuttgart Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6542  
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Author Nissen, J. openurl 
  Title Enzyklopädie der Pferderassen Type Book Whole
  Year 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) Pages  
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  Publisher Kosmos Place of Publication Stuttgart Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6543  
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Author Krösbacher, A. E. openurl 
  Title Das Arabische Vollblut: Eine kontrovers diskutierte Rasse: Was steckt wirklich hinter der Zucht dieser edlen Pferde? Type Manuscript
  Year 2008 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) Pages  
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  Corporate Author Thesis Bachelor's thesis  
  Publisher University for Veterinarian Medicine Vienna Place of Publication Vienna Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6544  
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Author Greenberg, R. openurl 
  Title The role of neophobia and neophilia in the development of innovative behavour in birds Type Book Chapter
  Year 2003 Publication Animal Innovation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) Pages  
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  Publisher Oxford University Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor S. M. Reader and K. N. Laland  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6547  
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Author Reader, S. M.; MacDonald, K. openurl 
  Title Environmental variability and primate behavioural flexibiity Type Book Chapter
  Year 2003 Publication Animal Innovation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) Pages 83-116  
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  Publisher Oxford University Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor Reader, S. M.; Laland, K. L.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6548  
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Author Birch, H.G. url  openurl
  Title The relation of previous experience to insightful problem-solving Type Journal Article
  Year 1945 Publication Journal of Comparative Psychology Abbreviated Journal J Comp Psychol  
  Volume 38 Issue (up) Pages 367-383  
  Keywords Humans; *Problem Solving; *Psychology, Comparative; *PSYCHOLOGY/comparative  
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  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-9940 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:21010765 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6554  
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Author Griffin, A.S.; Guez, D. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Innovation and problem solving: A review of common mechanisms Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Behavioural Processes Abbreviated Journal Behav. Process.  
  Volume 109 Issue (up) Pages 121-134  
  Keywords Behavioural flexibility; Cognition; Innovation; Problem solving  
  Abstract Behavioural innovations have become central to our thinking about how animals adjust to changing environments. It is now well established that animals vary in their ability to innovate, but understanding why remains a challenge. This is because innovations are rare, so studying innovation requires alternative experimental assays that create opportunities for animals to express their ability to invent new behaviours, or use pre-existing ones in new contexts. Problem solving of extractive foraging tasks has been put forward as a suitable experimental assay. We review the rapidly expanding literature on problem solving of extractive foraging tasks in order to better understand to what extent the processes underpinning problem solving, and the factors influencing problem solving, are in line with those predicted, and found, to underpin and influence innovation in the wild. Our aim is to determine whether problem solving can be used as an experimental proxy of innovation. We find that in most respects, problem solving is determined by the same underpinning mechanisms, and is influenced by the same factors, as those predicted to underpin, and to influence, innovation. We conclude that problem solving is a valid experimental assay for studying innovation, propose a conceptual model of problem solving in which motor diversity plays a more central role than has been considered to date, and provide recommendations for future research using problem solving to investigate innovation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cognition in the wild.  
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  ISSN 0376-6357 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6556  
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Author Rørvang, M.V.; Christensen, J.W.; Ladewig, J.; McLean, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Social Learning in Horses--Fact or Fiction? Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Frontiers in Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal Front. Vet. Sci.  
  Volume 5 Issue (up) Pages 212  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Prima facie, the acquisition of novel behaviors in animals through observation of conspecifics seems straightforward. There are, however, various mechanisms through which the behavior of animals can be altered from observing others. These mechanisms range from simple hard-wired contagious processes to genuine learning by observation, which differ fundamentally in cognitive complexity. They range from social facilitation and local enhancement to true social learning. The different learning mechanisms are the subject of this review, largely because research on learning by observation can be confounded by difficulties in interpretation owing to the looming possibility of associative learning infecting experimental results. While it is often assumed that horses are capable of acquiring new behavior through intra-species observation, research on social learning in horses includes a variety of studies some of which may overestimate the possession of higher mental abilities. Assuming such abilities in their absence can have welfare implications, e.g. isolating stereotypical horses on the assumption that these behaviors can be learned though observation by neighboring horses. This review summarizes the definitions and criteria for the various types of social transmission and social learning and reviews the current documentation for each type in horses with the aim of clarifying whether horses possess the ability to learn through true social learning. As social ungulates, horses evolved in open landscapes, exposed to predators and grazing most of the day. Being in close proximity to conspecifics may theoretically offer an opportunity to learn socially, however anti-predator vigilance and locating forage may not require the neural complexity of social learning. Given the significant energetic expense of brain tissue, it is likely that social facilitation and local enhancement may have been sufficient in the adaptation of equids to their niche. As a consequence, social learning abilities may be maladaptive in horses. Collectively, the review proposes a novel differentiation between social transmission (social facilitation, local and stimulus enhancement) and social learning (goal emulation, imitation). Horses are undoubtedly sensitive to intra-species transfer of information but this transfer does not appear to satisfy the criteria for social learning, and thus there is no solid evidence for true social learning in horses.  
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  ISSN 2297-1769 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6558  
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Author Veen, P.; Jefferson, R.; de Smidt, J.; van der Straaten, J. isbn  openurl
  Title Grasslands in Europe of high nature value Type Book Whole
  Year 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher Brill Place of Publication The Netherlands Editor  
  Language No Linguistic Content Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 9789050113168 9050113168 9789004278103 9004278109 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ 6066883015 Serial 6561  
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Author Byrne R.W. openurl 
  Title The evolution of intelligence Type Book Chapter
  Year 1994 Publication Behaviour and Evolution Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue (up) Pages 223-265  
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  Publisher Cambridge University Press Place of Publication Cambridge,UK Editor P.J.B. Slater and T.R. Halliday  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6566  
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