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Author |
Veen, P.; Jefferson, R.; de Smidt, J.; van der Straaten, J. |
Title |
Grasslands in Europe of high nature value |
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2009 |
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Brill |
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The Netherlands |
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No Linguistic Content |
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9789050113168 9050113168 9789004278103 9004278109 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ 6066883015 |
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6561 |
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Author |
Van Schaik, C.P.; Isler, K.; Burkart, J.M. |
Title |
Explaining brain size variation: from social to cultural brain |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Trends Ecol Evol |
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16 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Van Schaik2012 |
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6304 |
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Author |
Van Schaik, C.P.; Burkart, J.M. |
Title |
Social learning and evolution: the cultural intelligence hypothesis |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Philos Trans R Soc B |
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366 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Van Schaik2011 |
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6227 |
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Author |
Van Horik, J.; Emery, N. |
Title |
Evolution of cognition |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2011 |
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Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci |
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2 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Van Horik2011 |
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6230 |
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Author |
Van Horik, J.; Clayton, N.; Emery, N. |
Title |
Convergent evolution of cognition in Corvids, Apes and other animals |
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Book Chapter |
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2012 |
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Oxford Handbook of Comparative Evolutionary Psychology |
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Oxford University Press |
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New York |
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Vonk, J.; Shackelford, T. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Van Horik2012 |
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6284 |
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Van Horik, J.; Clayton, N.; Emery, N. |
Title |
Oxford Handbook of Comparative Evolutionary Psychology |
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Oxford University Press |
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New York |
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Vonk, J.; Shackelford, T. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6403 |
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Author |
van Heel, M.C.V.; Kroekenstoel, A.M.; van Dierendonck, M.C.; van Weeren, P.R.; Back, W. |
Title |
Uneven feet in a foal may develop as a consequence of lateral grazing behaviour induced by conformational traits |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine. Vet. J. |
Volume |
38 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
646-651 |
Keywords |
Aging/*physiology; Animals; Animals, Newborn/anatomy & histology/growth & development/physiology; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Female; Forelimb/*anatomy & histology/*physiology; *Horses/anatomy & histology/growth & development/physiology; Male |
Abstract |
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Conformational traits are important in breeding, since they may be indicative for performance ability and susceptibility to injuries. OBJECTIVES: To study whether certain desired conformational traits of foals are related to lateralised behaviour while foraging and to the development of uneven feet. METHODS: Twenty-four Warmblood foals, born and raised at the same location, were studied for a year. Foraging behaviour was observed by means of weekly 10 min scan-sampling for 8 h. A preference test (PT) was developed to serve as a standardised tool to determine laterality. The foals were evaluated at age 3, 15, 27 and 55 weeks. The PT and distal limb conformation were used to study the relation between overall body conformation, laterality and the development of uneven feet. Pressure measurements were used to determine the loading patterns under the feet. RESULTS: About 50% of the foals developed a significant preference to protract the same limb systematically while grazing, which resulted in uneven feet and subsequently uneven loading patterns. Foals with relatively long limbs and small heads were predisposed to develop laterality and, consequently unevenness. CONCLUSIONS: Conformational traits may stimulate the development of laterality and therefore indirectly cause uneven feet. |
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Derona Equine Performance Laboratory, Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 12, NL-3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands |
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English |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:17228580 |
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no |
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1774 |
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Author |
van de Waal, E.; Bshary, R. |
Title |
Social-learning abilities of wild vervet monkeys in a two-step task artificial fruit experiment |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2011 |
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Anim Behav |
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81 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ van de Waal2011 |
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6262 |
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Author |
van de Waal, E.; Bshary, R. |
Title |
Contact with human facilities appears to enhance technical skills in wild vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Folia Primatol |
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81 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ van de Waal2010 |
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6265 |
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Author |
Valenchon, M.; Lévy, F.; Moussu, C.; Lansade, L. |
Title |
Stress affects instrumental learning based on positive or negative reinforcement in interaction with personality in domestic horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Plos One |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plos One |
Volume |
12 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e0170783 |
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The present study investigated how stress affects instrumental learning performance in horses (Equus caballus) depending on the type of reinforcement. Horses were assigned to four groups (N = 15 per group); each group received training with negative or positive reinforcement in the presence or absence of stressors unrelated to the learning task. The instrumental learning task consisted of the horse entering one of two compartments at the appearance of a visual signal given by the experimenter. In the absence of stressors unrelated to the task, learning performance did not differ between negative and positive reinforcements. The presence of stressors unrelated to the task (exposure to novel and sudden stimuli) impaired learning performance. Interestingly, this learning deficit was smaller when the negative reinforcement was used. The negative reinforcement, considered as a stressor related to the task, could have counterbalanced the impact of the extrinsic stressor by focusing attention toward the learning task. In addition, learning performance appears to differ between certain dimensions of personality depending on the presence of stressors and the type of reinforcement. These results suggest that when negative reinforcement is used (i.e. stressor related to the task), the most fearful horses may be the best performers in the absence of stressors but the worst performers when stressors are present. On the contrary, when positive reinforcement is used, the most fearful horses appear to be consistently the worst performers, with and without exposure to stressors unrelated to the learning task. This study is the first to demonstrate in ungulates that stress affects learning performance differentially according to the type of reinforcement and in interaction with personality. It provides fundamental and applied perspectives in the understanding of the relationships between personality and training abilities. |
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Public Library of Science |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6202 |
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