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| Author | McCoy, D.E.; Schiestl, M.; Neilands, P.; Hassall, R.; Gray, R.D.; Taylor, A.H. | ||||
| Title | New Caledonian Crows Behave Optimistically after Using Tools | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication  |
Current Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | tool use; New Caledonian crows; optimism; cognitive bias; animal emotion; intrinsic motivation; comparative cognition | ||||
| Abstract | Summary Are complex, species-specific behaviors in animals reinforced by material reward alone or do they also induce positive emotions? Many adaptive human behaviors are intrinsically motivated: they not only improve our material outcomes, but improve our affect as well [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. Work to date on animal optimism, as an indicator of positive affect, has generally focused on how animals react to change in their circumstances, such as when their environment is enriched [9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14] or they are manipulated by humans [15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23], rather than whether complex actions improve emotional state. Here, we show that wild New Caledonian crows are optimistic after tool use, a complex, species-specific behavior. We further demonstrate that this finding cannot be explained by the crows needing to put more effort into gaining food. Our findings therefore raise the possibility that intrinsic motivation (enjoyment) may be a fundamental proximate cause in the evolution of tool use and other complex behaviors. Video Abstract | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0960-9822 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6581 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Visalberghi E; Trinca L | ||||
| Title | Tool use in capuchin monkeys: distinguishing between performing and understanding | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1989 | Publication |
Primates | Abbreviated Journal | Primates |
| Volume | 30 | Issue | Pages | 511 | |
| Keywords | Tool use – Cebus apella – Mental representation | ||||
| Abstract | A horizontal plexiglas tube containing a food-reward was presented to four naive tufted capuchins and suitable sticks were provided to push the reward out. Three monkeys out of four spontaneously used the tools and showed very different styles of solving the task. In more complex conditions, in which the sticks needed to be combined or actively modified in order to become effective, the monkeys were always successful; however, their performance was loaded with errors which did not disappear throughout the trials. Evidence of a difference between success in solving the problem and its understanding was found. This suggests that although capuchins can discover new means through active experimentation, they do not mentally represent the characteristics necessary for a tool to be effective, nor do they modify the tool appropriately beforehand. At this level, a major difference with chimpanzees emerges. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3047 | ||
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| Author | Cohen, J. | ||||
| Title | Animal behavior. The world through a chimp's eyes | Type | |||
| Year | 2007 | Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) | Abbreviated Journal | Science |
| Volume | 316 | Issue | 5821 | Pages | 44-45 |
| Keywords | Animal Communication; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Cooperative Behavior; Culture; Memory; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; Social Behavior; Tool Use Behavior | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1095-9203 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:17412932 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2832 | ||
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