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| Author | Hinson, R.E. | ||||
| Title | Effects of UCS preexposure on excitatory and inhibitory rabbit eyelid conditioning: an associative effect of conditioned contextual stimuli | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 49-61 |
| Keywords | Animals; Association Learning; Cognition; *Conditioning, Eyelid; *Inhibition (Psychology); Practice (Psychology); Rabbits; Reaction Time | ||||
| Abstract | Preconditioning experience with the unconditional stimulus (UCS) retards subsequent excitatory conditioning. Three experiments demonstrated that this UCS retardation effect is attenuated by associative manipulations of contextual stimuli of the UCS preexposure environment. The UCS retardation effect was reduced by (a) altering contextual stimuli between preexposure and conditioning (Experiment 1), (b) latently inhibiting contextual stimuli prior to UCS preexposure (Experiment 2), and (c) extinguishing contextual stimuli subsequent to UCS preexposure (Experiment 3). Although UCS preexposure retarded excitatory conditioning, the results of Experiment 4 demonstrated that UCS preexposure facilitated inhibitory conditioning. These results indicate that an association between contextual stimuli and the preexposed UCS contributes to the effects of preconditioning UCS experience on subsequent learning. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0097-7403 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7057144 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2787 | ||
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| Author | Yokoyama, S.; Radlwimmer, F.B. | ||||
| Title | The molecular genetics of red and green color vision in mammals | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Genetics | Abbreviated Journal | Genetics |
| Volume | 153 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 919-932 |
| Keywords | Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; COS Cells; Cats; Color Perception/*genetics; DNA Primers; Deer; Dolphins; *Evolution, Molecular; Goats; Guinea Pigs; Horses; Humans; Mammals/*genetics/physiology; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Opsin/biosynthesis/chemistry/*genetics; *Phylogeny; Rabbits; Rats; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sciuridae; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Transfection | ||||
| Abstract | To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of red-green color vision in mammals, we have cloned and sequenced the red and green opsin cDNAs of cat (Felis catus), horse (Equus caballus), gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). These opsins were expressed in COS1 cells and reconstituted with 11-cis-retinal. The purified visual pigments of the cat, horse, squirrel, deer, and guinea pig have lambdamax values at 553, 545, 532, 531, and 516 nm, respectively, which are precise to within +/-1 nm. We also regenerated the “true” red pigment of goldfish (Carassius auratus), which has a lambdamax value at 559 +/- 4 nm. Multiple linear regression analyses show that S180A, H197Y, Y277F, T285A, and A308S shift the lambdamax values of the red and green pigments in mammals toward blue by 7, 28, 7, 15, and 16 nm, respectively, and the reverse amino acid changes toward red by the same extents. The additive effects of these amino acid changes fully explain the red-green color vision in a wide range of mammalian species, goldfish, American chameleon (Anolis carolinensis), and pigeon (Columba livia). | ||||
| Address | Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA. syokoyam@mailbox.syr.edu | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0016-6731 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:10511567 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4063 | ||
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| Author | Jordan, J. | ||||
| Title | [Modern views on the structure and function of the vomeronasal (Jacobson's) organ in mammals] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1970 | Publication | Otolaryngologia Polska. The Polish Otolaryngology | Abbreviated Journal | Otolaryngol Pol |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 457-462 |
| Keywords | Animals; Cats; Dogs; Guinea Pigs; Horses; Humans; Mice; Nasal Septum/anatomy & histology/blood supply/cytology/innervation/physiology; Nose/*anatomy & histology/blood supply/innervation/*physiology; Rabbits; Rats; Sheep; Smell | ||||
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| Language | Polish | Summary Language | Original Title | Obecne poglady na budowe i czynnosc narzadu lemieszowo-nosowego (Jacobsona) u ssakow | |
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| ISSN | 0030-6657 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:4918960 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4315 | ||
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