Records |
Author |
Capitanio, J.P. |
Title |
Personality dimensions in adult male rhesus macaques: prediction of behaviors across time and situation |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
American journal of primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Primatol. |
Volume |
47 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
299-320 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Forecasting; Macaca mulatta/*psychology; Male; *Personality; Psychometrics; Social Behavior |
Abstract |
The idea that consistencies in behavior exist over time and across situations underlies human personality research. Although several studies have examined personality in nonhuman primates, there are very few data showing the predictive power of personality factors. The goal of the present study was to determine whether personality dimensions, identified in adult male rhesus monkeys living in half-acre cages, predicted behavior in situations different from the one from which the dimensions were originally derived and at time points of up to 4.5 years after the original assessments. Four personality dimensions (Sociability, Confidence, Excitability, and Equability) were identified using psychometric procedures and were correlated with behaviors recorded in several situations: the animals' natal groups, during tests of behavioral responsiveness while in individual cages, in small stable and unstable social groups, while viewing stimulus videotapes, and during stable social dyads. Results indicated substantial predictability. Sociability reflected a greater tendency to engage in affiliative interactions. Confidence correlated with more aggressive behaviors and with behaviors that suggest less attractiveness. Animals high in Excitability were somewhat inconsistent in their social behavior, perhaps reflecting hyper-responsiveness to novel circumstances and thwarted opportunities for escape. Equability appeared to be related to a less aggressive, more passive, style of interaction. Excitability and Equability appear to reflect more stylistic components of social behavior, whereas Sociability and Confidence may be more content-based dimensions. Sociability was strongly related to size of kin network in the animals' natal groups, suggesting an important role for ontogeny in this dimension. These data suggest that a limited number of personality dimensions exist in adult male rhesus macaques, and that these dimensions have predictive power that is both long-term and cross situational. |
Address |
Department of Psychology and California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis 95616, USA. jpcapitanio@ucdavis.edu |
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ISSN |
0275-2565 |
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PMID:10206208 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4116 |
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Author |
Fox, N.A. |
Title |
Temperament and early experience form social behavior |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann N Y Acad Sci |
Volume |
1038 |
Issue |
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Pages |
171-178 |
Keywords |
Adult; Animals; Child; Child Behavior Disorders/physiopathology; Fear/physiology; Humans; Individuality; Infant; Learning/*physiology; *Personality Development; *Social Behavior; Temperament/*physiology |
Abstract |
Individual differences in the way persons respond to stimulation can have important consequences for their ability to learn and their choice of vocation. Temperament is the study of such individual differences, being thought of as the behavioral style of an individual. Common to all approaches in the study of temperament are the notions that it can be identified in infancy, is fairly stable across development, and influences adult personality. We have identified a specific temperament type in infancy that involves heightened distress to novel and unfamiliar stimuli. Infants who exhibit this temperament are likely, as they get older, to display behavioral inhibition-wariness and heightened vigilance of the unfamiliar-particularly in social situations. Our work has also described the underlying biology of this temperament and has linked it to neural systems supporting fear responses in animals. Children displaying behavioral inhibition are at-risk for behavioral problems related to anxiety and social withdrawal. |
Address |
Institute for Child Study, Department of Human Development, University of Maryland, 3304 Benjamin Building, College Park, MD 20742-1131, USA. nf4@umail.umd.edu |
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ISSN |
0077-8923 |
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Notes |
PMID:15838111 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4131 |
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Author |
Cattell, R.B.; Korth, B. |
Title |
The isolation of temperament dimensions in dogs |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1973 |
Publication |
Behavioral Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Biol |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
15-30 |
Keywords |
Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Biometry; Body Weight; *Dogs; Emotions; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Genetics, Behavioral; Heart Rate; Humans; Intelligence; Male; Models, Psychological; *Personality; Problem Solving; Social Behavior |
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ISSN |
0091-6773 |
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Notes |
PMID:4738708 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4140 |
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Author |
Bouchard, T.J.J.; Loehlin, J.C. |
Title |
Genes, evolution, and personality |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Behavior Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Genet |
Volume |
31 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
243-273 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Evolution; Genetics, Behavioral; Humans; Individuality; Personality/*genetics; Twin Studies |
Abstract |
There is abundant evidence, some of it reviewed in this paper, that personality traits are substantially influenced by the genes. Much remains to be understood about how and why this is the case. We argue that placing the behavior genetics of personality in the context of epidemiology, evolutionary psychology, and neighboring psychological domains such as interests and attitudes should help lead to new insights. We suggest that important methodological advances, such as measuring traits from multiple viewpoints, using large samples, and analyzing data by modern multivariate techniques, have already led to major changes in our view of such perennial puzzles as the role of “unshared environment” in personality. In the long run, but not yet, approaches via molecular genetics and brain physiology may also make decisive contributions to understanding the heritability of personality traits. We conclude that the behavior genetics of personality is alive and flourishing but that there remains ample scope for new growth and that much social science research is seriously compromised if it does not incorporate genetic variation in its explanatory models. |
Address |
Department of Psychology. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA. bouch001@tc.umn.edu |
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English |
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ISSN |
0001-8244 |
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Notes |
PMID:11699599 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4142 |
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Author |
Weiss, A.; King, J.E.; Figueredo, A.J. |
Title |
The heritability of personality factors in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Behavior Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Genet |
Volume |
30 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
213-221 |
Keywords |
Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Models, Genetic; Pan troglodytes/*genetics; Personality/*genetics; Social Environment |
Abstract |
Human personality and behavior genetic studies have resulted in a growing consensus that five heritable factors account for most variance in human personality. Prior research showed that chimpanzee personality is composed of a dominance-related factor and five human-like factors--Surgency, Dependability, Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, and Openness. Genetic, shared zoo, and nonshared environmental variance components of the six factors were estimated by regressing squared phenotypic differences of all possible pairs of chimpanzees onto 1 – Rij, where Rij equals the degree of relationship and a variable indicating whether the pair was housed in the same zoo. Dominance showed significant narrow-sense heritability. Shared zoo effects accounted for only a negligible proportion of the variance for all factors. |
Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA. aweiss@u.arizona.edu |
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English |
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ISSN |
0001-8244 |
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Notes |
PMID:11105395 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4143 |
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Author |
Lafferty, K.D. |
Title |
Look what the cat dragged in: do parasites contribute to human cultural diversity? |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
Volume |
68 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
279-282 |
Keywords |
Adaptation, Physiological/physiology; Adaptation, Psychological/physiology; Animals; Behavior/physiology; *Behavior Control; Cats/*parasitology; Cultural Diversity; Host-Parasite Relations; Humans; Personality/*physiology; Toxoplasma/*physiology; Toxoplasmosis/parasitology/*psychology |
Abstract |
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Address |
Western Ecological Research Center, United States Geological Survey, c/o Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. lafferty@lifesci.ucsb.edu |
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ISSN |
0376-6357 |
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Notes |
PMID:15792708 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4148 |
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Author |
McClearn, G.E. |
Title |
Behavioral genetics |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Behavioral Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Sci |
Volume |
16 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
64-81 |
Keywords |
Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Animals; Aptitude; Behavior, Animal; Chromosome Aberrations; Cognition; Cytogenetics; Female; *Genetics, Behavioral; Genetics, Population; Humans; Intelligence; Mental Retardation; Mice; Models, Biological; Personality; Phenylketonurias; Pregnancy; Research; Schizophrenia; Sex Chromosome Aberrations; Twins |
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English |
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ISSN |
0005-7940 |
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Notes |
PMID:5105941 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4150 |
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Author |
Hoff, M.P.; Nadler, R.D.; Maple, T.L. |
Title |
Development of infant independence in a captive group of lowland gorillas |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1981 |
Publication |
Developmental Psychobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dev Psychobiol |
Volume |
14 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
251-265 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Dependency (Psychology); Female; Gorilla gorilla/*growth & development; Male; Maternal Behavior; *Personality; Sex Factors; Social Behavior; Weaning |
Abstract |
In March 1976, 3 lowlands gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) were born to primiparous females living with an adult male in a large compound at the field station of the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center of Emory University. Observations of parent and infant behavior began at the birth of the infants, using several methods of data collection. This report focuses on the development of independence in these infants over the 1st 1 1/2 years of life. As expected, measures of mother-infant contact and proximity decreased with age. Several measures suggested that infant independence developed as an interactive process between mothers and infants, with primary responsibility changing over the months of study. Maternal behaviors that served to maintain mother-infant contact were found to decrease with age, with an eventual shift to infant responsibility for contact maintenance. Additionally, the adult male appeared to influence developing independence as reflected in the maternal protectiveness evoked by his behavior. |
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ISSN |
0012-1630 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:7262467 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4170 |
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Author |
Stober, M.; Geiger, J.F. |
Title |
[Lamenting “moaning” in domestic cattle] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1975 |
Publication |
DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr |
Volume |
82 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
10-13 |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal; *Cattle; Female; Personality; *Vocalization, Animal |
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German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Untersuchungen uber das klagende “Anken” beim Hausrind |
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ISSN |
0341-6593 |
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Notes |
PMID:1089525 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4173 |
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Author |
Sone, K. |
Title |
[Apropos of 5 cases of so-called “delusions of cutaneous and intestinal infestation”--psychopathologic and neuropsychological considerations] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Folia Psychiatrica et Neurologica Japonica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn |
Volume |
37 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
37-55 |
Keywords |
Adult; Aged; Agnosia/complications; Attitude to Health; Delusions/complications/etiology/*psychology; Female; Humans; Intestines; Male; Middle Aged; Personality; Psychotherapy; *Sensation; Skin |
Abstract |
Five cases with so-called “Dermato- und Enterozoenwahn” are reported, and the following themes are analysed from the “multidimensional” point of view: 1) process to build the shape of the intruder which is bothering the patients, 2) behavior against the intruding small animal and attitude towards the therapeutist; their characteristic manner to make complaints, 3) premorbid personality and 4) physical findings. In regard to one of the formation types of this disease, we have postulated through the neuropsychological analysis of case 5 (somatoparaphrenic patient) that patients of the typical cases 1, 2 and 3 suffer from a special kind of agnosia (perturbation of recognition; disturbance of aperception) in which they take their abnormal body sensations for causing by the small imaginary animals. Our cases showed the importance of a premorbid personality and present life-situations in combination with physical dissolution taking part in the pathoplastic process of this particular disease. |
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German |
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Original Title |
Uber funf Falle von sogenanntem “Dermato- und Enterozoenwahn”--psychopathologische und neuropsychologische Betrachtungen |
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ISSN |
0015-5721 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:6884912 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4187 |
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