| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Zentall, T.R.; Galizio, M.; Critchfied, T.S. |
|
| |
Title |
Categorization, concept learning, and behavior analysis: an introduction |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Anal Behav |
|
| |
Volume |
78 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
237-248 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Association Learning; *Concept Formation; *Discrimination Learning; Humans; Language |
|
| |
Abstract |
Categorization and concept learning encompass some of the most important aspects of behavior, but historically they have not been central topics in the experimental analysis of behavior. To introduce this special issue of the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (JEAB), we define key terms; distinguish between the study of concepts and the study of concept learning; describe three types of concept learning characterized by the stimulus classes they yield; and briefly identify several other themes (e.g., quantitative modeling and ties to language) that appear in the literature. As the special issue demonstrates, a surprising amount and diversity of work is being conducted that either represents a behavior-analytic perspective or can inform or constructively challenge this perspective. |
|
| |
Address  |
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506, USA. zentall@pop.uky.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0022-5002 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:12507002 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
236 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L.; Bergman, T.J. |
|
| |
Title |
Primate social cognition and the origins of language |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
|
| |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
264-266 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Cognition; Humans; *Language; Papio; Psychological Theory; Social Behavior; *Social Perception |
|
| |
Abstract |
Are the cognitive mechanisms underlying language unique, or can similar mechanisms be found in other domains? Recent field experiments demonstrate that baboons' knowledge of their companions' social relationships is based on discrete-valued traits (identity, rank, kinship) that are combined to create a representation of social relations that is hierarchically structured, open-ended, rule-governed, and independent of sensory modality. The mechanisms underlying language might have evolved from the social knowledge of our pre-linguistic primate ancestors. |
|
| |
Address |
Departments of Biology and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. seyfarth@psych.upenn.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1364-6613 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:15925802 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
343 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Cowell, P.E.; Fitch, R.H.; Denenberg, V.H. |
|
| |
Title |
Laterality in animals: relevance to schizophrenia |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Schizophrenia Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
Schizophr Bull |
|
| |
Volume |
25 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
41-62 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Adult; Animals; Cognition; *Disease Models, Animal; Functional Laterality/*physiology; Humans; Language; Motor Activity/physiology; Schizophrenia/*physiopathology |
|
| |
Abstract |
Anomalies in the laterality of numerous neurocognitive dimensions associated with schizophrenia have been documented, but their role in the etiology and early development of the disorder remain unclear. In the study of normative neurobehavioral organization, animal models have shed much light on the mechanisms underlying and the factors affecting adult patterns of both functional and structural asymmetry. Nonhuman species have more recently been used to investigate the environmental, genetic, and neuroendocrine factors associated with developmental language disorders in humans. We propose that the animal models used to study the basis of lateralization in normative development and language disorders such as dyslexia could be modified to investigate lateralized phenomena in schizophrenia. |
|
| |
Address |
Dept. of Human Communication Sciences, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0586-7614 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:10098913 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2827 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Beran, M.J. |
|
| |
Title |
Long-term retention of the differential values of Arabic numerals by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
|
| |
Volume |
7 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
86-92 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Cognition; Female; Language; Longitudinal Studies; Male; *Mathematics; *Mental Recall; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; *Retention (Psychology); *Semantics; Time Factors |
|
| |
Abstract |
As previously reported (Beran and Rumbaugh, 2001), two chimpanzees used a joystick to collect dots, one-at-a-time, on a computer monitor, and then ended a trial when the number of dots collected was equal to the Arabic numeral presented for the trial. Here, the chimpanzees were presented with the task again after an interval of 6 months and then again after an additional interval of 3.25 years. During each interval, the chimpanzees were not presented with the task, and this allowed an assessment of the extent to which both animals retained the values of each Arabic numeral. Despite lower performance at each retention interval compared to the original study, both chimpanzees performed above chance levels in collecting a quantity of dots equal to the target numeral, one chimpanzee for the numerals 1-7, and the second chimpanzee for the numerals 1-6. For the 3.25-year retention, errors were more dispersed around each target numeral than in the original study, but the chimpanzees' performances again appeared to be based on a continuous representation of magnitude rather than a discrete representation of number. These data provide an experimental demonstration of long-term retention of the differential values of Arabic numerals by chimpanzees. |
|
| |
Address |
Language Research Center, Georgia State University, 3401 Panthersville Road, Decatur, GA 30034, USA. mjberan@yahoo.com |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1435-9448 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:15069607 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2533 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Dunbar, R. |
|
| |
Title |
Evolution of the social brain |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
|
| |
Volume |
302 |
Issue |
5648 |
Pages |
1160-1161 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; *Cognition; Endorphins/physiology; *Evolution; Female; Grooming; Hierarchy, Social; Language; Neocortex/anatomy & histology/physiology; Papio/physiology/*psychology; *Reproduction; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Social Support; Vocalization, Animal |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK. rimd@liv.ac.uk |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1095-9203 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:14615522 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
548 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Toro, J.M.; Trobalon, J.B.; Sebastian-Galles, N. |
|
| |
Title |
The use of prosodic cues in language discrimination tasks by rats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
|
| |
Volume |
6 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
131-136 |
|
| |
Keywords |
*Animal Communication; Animals; *Discrimination Learning; Female; *Language; Male; Periodicity; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Speech Perception |
|
| |
Abstract |
Recent research with cotton-top tamarin monkeys has revealed language discrimination abilities similar to those found in human infants, demonstrating that these perceptual abilities are not unique to humans but are also present in non-human primates. Specifically, tamarins could discriminate forward but not backward sentences of Dutch from Japanese, using both natural and synthesized utterances. The present study was designed as a conceptual replication of the work on tamarins. Results show that rats trained in a discrimination learning task readily discriminate forward, but not backward sentences of Dutch from Japanese; the results are particularly robust for synthetic utterances, a pattern that shows greater parallels with newborns than with tamarins. Our results extend the claims made in the research with tamarins that the capacity to discriminate languages from different rhythmic classes depends on general perceptual abilities that evolved at least as far back as the rodents. |
|
| |
Address |
SPPB, Departament de Psicologia Basica, Universitat de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. jmtoro@psi.ub.es |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1435-9448 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:12728358 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2571 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
