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Author	Aronson, L.
Title	Animal behavior case of the month. Aggression directed toward other horses			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Vet Med Assoc
Volume	213	Issue	3	Pages	358-359
Keywords	Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Follow-Up Studies; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/drug therapy/psychology; Horses/psychology; Housing, Animal; Hypothyroidism/diagnosis/drug therapy/*veterinary; Male; Physical Examination/veterinary; Thyroxine/blood/therapeutic use
Abstract
Address	Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-1488	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:9702222			Approved	no
Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	1935
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Author	Bannasch, D.; Rinaldo, C.; Millon, L.; Latson, K.; Spangler, T.; Hubberty, S.; Galuppo, L.; Lowenstine, L.
Title	SRY negative 64,XX intersex phenotype in an American saddlebred horse			Type	Journal Article
Year	2007	Publication	Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997)	Abbreviated Journal	Vet J
Volume	173	Issue	2	Pages	437-439
Keywords	Animals; Female; Genitalia/abnormalities; Hermaphroditism/veterinary; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/genetics; Horses/genetics/physiology; Karyotyping; Phenotype; Sex Differentiation; Sex Differentiation Disorders/diagnosis/veterinary; Sex-Determining Region Y Protein/genetics/*metabolism
Abstract	A female American saddlebred horse was presented for surgical correction of a possible pseudohermaphrodite condition. The horse had abnormal external genitalia and exhibited stallion-like behaviour. No evidence of uterine or ovarian tissue was identified on laparoscopic examination, but hypoplastic testicular-like tissue was removed, although this was found to contain no spermatogonia upon histopathological examination. A karyotype was performed and showed the normal chromosomal complement for a female horse (64,XX). Polymerase chain reaction to detect the SRY gene was negative in peripheral blood as well as the testicular-like tissue. This case represents the first report of an SRY negative XX-male sex reversal intersex phenotype, which is a potentially inherited condition, in an American saddlebred horse.
Address	Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. dlbannasch@ucdavis.edu
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1090-0233	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:16386440			Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1882
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Author	Boissevain, I.
Title	[Animal and human rights in installments]			Type
Year	2007	Publication	Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde	Abbreviated Journal	Tijdschr Diergeneeskd
Volume	132	Issue	4	Pages	132
Keywords	Animals; Clinical Competence/standards; Horse Diseases/diagnosis; Horses; Humans; Netherlands; Time Factors; Veterinary Medicine/methods/standards
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	Dutch	Summary Language		Original Title	Dierenrechten en mensenrechten in termijnen
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0040-7453	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:17366876			Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4018
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Author	Dabareiner, R.M.; Sullins, K.E.; White, N.A. 2nd
Title	Progression of femoropatellar osteochondrosis in nine young horses. Clinical, radiographic and arthroscopic findings			Type	Journal Article
Year	1993	Publication	Veterinary Surgery : VS : the Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons	Abbreviated Journal	Vet Surg
Volume	22	Issue	6	Pages	515-523
Keywords	Animals; Arthroscopy/veterinary; Debridement/veterinary; Exudates and Transudates; Female; Femur; Follow-Up Studies; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/radiography/surgery; Horses; Lameness, Animal/etiology; Male; Osteochondritis/diagnosis/radiography/surgery/*veterinary; Patella; Stifle; Treatment Outcome
Abstract	The clinical and radiographic progression, and arthroscopic findings for nine young horses (< 1 year of age) with femoropatellar osteochondrosis (OCD) are presented. Horses had a 2 to 12 week history of bilateral (8 horses) or unilateral (1 horse) hindlimb lameness. The most consistent clinical signs included femoropatellar joint distention and bilateral hindlimb lameness. At the onset of clinical signs, radiographic lesions were not present (4 horses) or subtle (5 horses), but were easily identified on radiographs taken 4 to 24 weeks later. Arthroscopic surgery was delayed until radiographic changes became obvious. Surgical findings in 20 femoropatellar joints were most commonly osteochondral “flaps” located on the proximal lateral trochlear ridge of the femur and were larger than had been indicated by the radiographs. Eight horses were being used for their intended purpose, which was racing (3 horses were racing and 3 were in race training), dressage (1 horse) or pleasure riding (1 horse). One horse required a second surgery when similar lesions developed on the opposite stifle, and was euthanatized 2 months later because of persistent lameness. One clinical signs are observed, osteochondrosis lesions of the distal femur can progress in foals younger than 9 months of age and the full extent of the radiographic lesion may take several weeks to develop.
Address	Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Leesburg, Virginia
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0161-3499	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:8116209			Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3748
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Author	Dart, A.J.; Snyder, J.R.; Pascoe, J.R.; Meagher, D.M.; Wilson, W.D.
Title	Prepurchase evaluation of horses: 134 cases (1988-1990)			Type	Journal Article
Year	1992	Publication	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Vet Med Assoc
Volume	201	Issue	7	Pages	1061-1067
Keywords	Animals; Follow-Up Studies; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/radiography; Horses; Interviews; Lameness, Animal/diagnosis/radiography; Physical Examination/*veterinary; Retrospective Studies; Telephone
Abstract	To quantify some components of prepurchase evaluations in horses, records from 134 evaluations performed during a 2-year period were reviewed and the outcome was determined via telephone follow-up interview. Sixty-two percent of the prepurchase evaluations had been performed at the clinic and 38% had been performed in the field by the ambulatory service. All evaluations included physical and lameness examinations, whereas radiography (49%), endoscopy (15%), nerve blocking (5%), transrectal palpation (3%), hematologic analysis (2%), electrocardiography (2%), drug testing for analgesic agents (2%), and ultrasonography of the flexor tendons (1%) were not always performed. Fifty-nine percent of horses evaluated at the clinic were radiographed, compared with 33% of horses evaluated in the field (P less than 0.05). Thirty-seven percent of horses evaluated were judged serviceable for their intended use. Thirty-five percent of horses evaluated at the clinic were assessed to be serviceable, compared with 41% of those evaluated in the field (P less than 0.05). Horses used for pleasure riding (48%) tended to be considered serviceable more often than horses used for more athletic endeavors (3-day eventing, 33%; hunter/jumper, 24%; show, 31%; dressage, 30%). The most common basis for finding a horse unserviceable was lameness (88%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Address	Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis 95616
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-1488	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:1429136			Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3753
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Author	Dyson, S.; Murray, R.
Title	Pain associated with the sacroiliac joint region: a clinical study of 74 horses			Type	Journal Article
Year	2003	Publication	Equine Veterinary Journal	Abbreviated Journal	Equine Vet J
Volume	35	Issue	3	Pages	240-245
Keywords	Age Factors; Analgesia/veterinary; Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology; Animals; Body Height; Body Weight; Breeding; Female; Forelimb; Gait; Hindlimb; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/radionuclide imaging; Horses; Lameness, Animal/physiopathology; Lumbar Vertebrae/physiopathology; Male; Pain/diagnosis/drug therapy/radionuclide imaging/veterinary; Sacroiliac Joint/physiopathology; Sacrum/physiopathology
Abstract	REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: There has been no large study of horses with suspected sacroiliac (SI) joint region pain in which the clinical diagnosis has been supported by either abnormal radiopharmaceutical activity in the SI joint region or by periarticular infiltration of local anaesthetic solution. OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical features of horses with SI joint region pain, to document the age, breed, sex, discipline, size and conformation of affected horses and to compare these with the author's (SD) normal case population and to document the results of infiltration of local anaesthetic solution around the SI joint region. METHODS: Horses were selected for inclusion in the study based upon the exclusion of other causes of lameness or poor performance, together with clinical signs suggestive of SI joint pain and abnormal radiopharmaceutical activity in the SI joint region and/or a positive response to periarticular infiltration of local anaesthetic solution. RESULTS: Sacroiliac joint region disease was identified in 74 horses between November 1997 and March 2002. Dressage and showjumping horses appeared to be at particular risk (P < 0.001). Affected horses were generally slightly older than the normal clinic population (P < 0.0001), taller at the withers (P < 0.0001) and of greater bodyweight (P < 0.01). There was a significant effect of breed (P < 0.001), with a substantially higher proportion of Warmblood horses (51%) in the SI pain group compared to the normal clinic population (29%). There was no correlation between conformation and the presence of SI joint region pain. The tubera sacrale appeared grossly symmetrical in most (95%) horses. Poor development of the epaxial muscles in the thoracolumbar region and asymmetry of the hindquarter musculature were common. Twenty-six horses (35%) showed restricted flexibility of the thoracolumbar region and 10 (16%) had an exaggerated response to pressure applied over the tubera sacrale. Fourteen horses (19%) were reluctant to stand on one hindlimb for prolonged periods. The majority of horses (75%) had a straight hindlimb flight and only 18% moved closely behind or plaited. In all horses restricted hindlimb impulsion was the predominant feature; invariably this was most obvious when the horse was ridden. Stiffness, unwillingness to work on the bit and poor quality canter were common. Sacroiliac joint region pain was seen alone (47%), or in conjunction with thoracolumbar pain (16%), hindlimb lameness (20%), forelimb lameness (7%) or a combination of problems (10%). Seventy-three horses (99%) had abnormalities of the SI joint region identified using nuclear scintigraphy. Infiltration of local anaesthetic solution around the SI joint region produced profound improvement in gait in all 34 horses in which it was performed. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Careful clinical examination combined with scintigraphic evaluation of the SI joint region and local analgesia can enable a more definitive diagnosis of SI joint region pain than has previously been possible.
Address	Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0425-1644	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:12755425			Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3723
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Author	Gibson, K.T.; Burbidge, H.M.; Anderson, B.H.
Title	Tendonitis of the branches of insertion of the superficial digital flexor tendon in horses			Type	Journal Article
Year	1997	Publication	Australian Veterinary Journal	Abbreviated Journal	Aust Vet J
Volume	75	Issue	4	Pages	253-256
Keywords	Animals; Carpus, Animal/pathology/physiopathology/ultrasonography; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/pathology/ultrasonography; Horses; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Tendinopathy/diagnosis/pathology/veterinary; Tendon Injuries/diagnosis/pathology/veterinary; Tendons/pathology/physiopathology/ultrasonography; Ultrasonography/methods/veterinary
Abstract	OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical findings, ultrasonographic features and outcome of injury to the branches of insertion of the superficial digital flexor (SDF) tendon in horses. DESIGN: Retrospective study of 14 cases. PROCEDURE: Fourteen Thoroughbred horses with tendonitis affecting the branches of insertion of the SDF tendon were examined for lameness, location and amount of swelling, and the presence of other musculoskeletal abnormalities. The flexor tendons were assessed by ultrasonographic examination, and recommendations were made for management of the cases. Outcome was assessed by re-examination of some horses, direct communication with the owner or trainer, and examination of race records. RESULTS: The lateral SDF branch was affected in 10 horses; the medial branch in three, and both branches in one horse. Two horses had concurrent injuries to the SDF tendon in the metacarpal region of the contralateral limb. Ultrasonographic findings included swelling of the affected SDF branch, peritendinous fluid accumulation, disruption of normal fibre alignment on sagittal scan, and variable loss of echogenicity. As healing occurred, there was return of normal echogenicity, but normal fibre alignment did not return completely and apparent adhesions formed between the affected SDF branch and adjacent structures. Seven of 10 horses which returned to their previous use were able to compete without further tendon injury. Recurrence of injury occurred in one case, and another two horses developed tendonitis in the metacarpal region. One horse was retired from racing but was able to compete at dressage without recurrence of injury. Two horses were retired for breeding without returning to training, and one horse was sold and lost to follow up but did not race. CONCLUSION: The prognosis is fair for return to previous use following injury to the branches of insertion of the SDF tendon in athletic horses.
Address	Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0005-0423	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:9140649			Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3739
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Author	Herholz, C.P.; Gerber, V.; Tschudi, P.; Straub, R.; Imhof, A.; Busato, A.
Title	Use of volumetric capnography to identify pulmonary dysfunction in horses with and without clinically apparent recurrent airway obstruction			Type	Journal Article
Year	2003	Publication	American Journal of Veterinary Research	Abbreviated Journal	Am J Vet Res
Volume	64	Issue	3	Pages	338-345
Keywords	Aging; Airway Obstruction/complications/diagnosis/veterinary; Animals; Capnography/methods/veterinary; Female; Horse Diseases/diagnosis; Horses; Lung Diseases/complications/diagnosis/*veterinary; Male; Predictive Value of Tests
Abstract	OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether volumetric capnography indices could be used to differentiate between horses without recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) and horses with RAO that were in clinical remission or that had clinically apparent RAO. ANIMALS: 70 adult Swiss Warmblood horses (20 used for pleasure riding and 50 used for dressage or show jumping). PROCEDURE: Horses were allocated to 4 groups on the basis of history, clinical signs, results of endoscopy, and cytologic findings (group 1, 21 healthy horses; group 2, 22 horses with RAO that were in remission; group 3, 16 horses with mild RAO; group 4, 11 horses with exacerbated RAO). Expiratory volume and CO2 curves were recorded by use of a computerized ultrasonic spirometer. Volumetric capnograms were plotted, and derived indices were calculated. RESULTS: Dead-space volume (VD) was calculated by use of the Bohr equation (VD(Bohr)) and for physiologic VD (VD(phys)). Ratios for VD(Bohr) to expiratory tidal volume (VT) and VD(phys) to V(T) as well as an index of effective CO2 elimination were significantly different among groups of horses. Age and use of the horses also significantly affected volumetric capnography indices. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Ratios of VD(Bohr) to VT and VD(phys) to VT as well as an index of effective CO2 elimination were sufficiently sensitive measures to distinguish between healthy horses and horses with RAO in remission. To optimize the ability of volumetric capnography indices to differentiate among horses in heterogeneous populations, it is important to account for effects of age and specific use of the horses.
Address	Department of Equine Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Berne, Langgasstr 124, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0002-9645	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:12661875			Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3724
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Author	Pritchard, J.C.; Barr, A.R.S.; Whay, H.R.
Title	Validity of a behavioural measure of heat stress and a skin tent test for dehydration in working horses and donkeys			Type
Year	2006	Publication	Equine veterinary journal	Abbreviated Journal	Equine Vet J
Volume	38	Issue	5	Pages	433-438
Keywords	Age Factors; Animal Welfare; Animals; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Body Temperature/physiology; Body Weight/physiology; Case-Control Studies; Dehydration/diagnosis/pathology/veterinary; Drinking; Equidae; Female; Heat Stress Disorders/diagnosis/physiopathology/veterinary; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/pathology; Horses; Hypovolemia/diagnosis/physiopathology/veterinary; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Pakistan; Respiration; Skin/pathology; Species Specificity; Work
Abstract	REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Dehydration and heat stress are serious welfare issues for equids working in developing countries. There is a lack of any standardised method or validated interpretation of the skin tent test in horses and donkeys. Owners of dehydrated and heat-stressed animals often depend on veterinary examination for identification of these conditions, leading to delays in treatment and unnecessary reliance on external sources to effect welfare improvement. OBJECTIVES: To validate a standardised skin tent test for dehydration and a behavioural measure of heat stress in working equids; and to examine the effect of heat stress and dehydration on tripping and staggering behaviour. METHODS: The study was carried out on 130 working horses and donkeys in Pakistan. Associations between skin tent and blood parameters (packed cell volume [PCV], serum total protein [TP], serum osmolality), clinical parameters, resting and drinking behaviour were examined. Heat stress behaviour (increased respiratory rate and depth, head nodding, flared nostrils, apathy) was observed in conjunction with rectal temperature. Tripping and staggering were assessed using a simple obstacle course. RESULTS: In both species, heat stress behaviour was significantly associated with increased rectal temperature (P<0.001). A positive skin tent test was not significantly associated with PCV or TP, although in donkeys it was significantly associated with lower serum osmolality (P<0.001). More animals age >15 years had a positive skin tent than those in younger age groups (P = 0.037). Very thin horses were more likely to have a positive skin tent than those in thin or moderate condition (P = 0.028). There was no significant correlation between skin tent and tripping or staggering in either species. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Heat stress behaviour is related to increased body temperature in working horses and donkeys. Owners may use this to make judgements regarding rest and cooling, precluding the need to seek veterinary attention. The skin tent test for dehydration used in this study did not show a significant relationship with PCV or TP. However, the use of blood parameters to validate the skin tent test may be confounded by anaemia, hypoproteinaemia or electrolyte depletion. Alternative methods are needed to confirm or refute the validity of the skin tent test in working equids.
Address	Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, UK
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0425-1644	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:16986604			Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1784
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Author	Quiroz-Rothe, E.; Novales, M.; Aguilera-Tejero, E.; Rivero, J.L.L.
Title	Polysaccharide storage myopathy in the M. longissimus lumborum of showjumpers and dressage horses with back pain			Type	Journal Article
Year	2002	Publication	Equine Veterinary Journal	Abbreviated Journal	Equine Vet J
Volume	34	Issue	2	Pages	171-176
Keywords	Amylases/analysis; Animals; Back Pain/etiology/veterinary; Biopsy; Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis/pathology/veterinary; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen/analysis; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/pathology; Horses; Microscopy, Electron; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology; Muscular Diseases/diagnosis/pathology/veterinary; Polysaccharides/*metabolism; Rhabdomyolysis/diagnosis/pathology/veterinary
Abstract	This study was designed to investigate whether horses with clinical signs of back pain due to suspected soft tissue injuries were affected by polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM). Diagnosis of PSSM in muscle biopsies obtained from the M. longissimus lumborum of 5 showjumpers and 4 dressage horses with a history of back pain is reported. M. longissimus lumborum biopsies of these horses were characterised histopathologically and in 3/9 cases also by electron microscopy. Observations were compared with M. gluteus biopsies of the same horses, and with M. gluteus biopsies obtained from 6 Standardbreds with recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis and from 6 healthy trotters. M. longissimus biopsies from horses with back pain showed pathognomonic signs of PSSM, i.e. high glycogen and/or abnormal complex amylase-resistant polysaccharide deposits. Similar features were found in M. gluteus biopsies of the same horses. Sections of horses with rhabdomyolysis had increased PAS stain when compared with healthy horses, but did not show amylase-resistant material. Qualitative observations were corroborated by quantitative histochemistry (optical densities) of sections stained with PAS and amylase PAS. This study demonstrated the presence of PSSM in the M. longissimus of showjumpers and dressage horses with back pain and indicates that epaxial muscle biopsy is an option in diagnosing back problems in horses when clinical examination and imaging techniques do not provide a precise diagnosis.
Address	Department of Comparative Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Cordoba, Spain
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0425-1644	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:11905436			Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3727
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