Records |
Author |
Tavernor, W.D.; Lees, P. |
Title |
A pharmacological investigation of the influence of suxamethonium on cardiac function in the horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1968 |
Publication |
Experientia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Experientia |
Volume |
24 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
582-583 |
Keywords |
Animals; Arrhythmia/chemically induced; Consciousness; Halothane; Heart/innervation; Heart Rate/*drug effects; Horses/*physiology; Oxygen; Propranolol/pharmacology; Receptors, Sensory/drug effects; Stimulation, Chemical; Succinylcholine/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology; Tachycardia/chemically induced; Thiopental |
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English |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0014-4754 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:5697737 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
104 |
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Author |
Lees, P.; Tavernor, W.D. |
Title |
Influence of halothane and catecholamines on heart rate and rhythm in the horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1970 |
Publication |
British journal of pharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Br J Pharmacol |
Volume |
39 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
149-159 |
Keywords |
Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Arrhythmia/*chemically induced; Atropine/pharmacology; Catecholamines/*pharmacology; Consciousness; Epinephrine/administration & dosage; Ethers; Female; Halothane/*pharmacology; Heart Rate/*drug effects; Horses; Hypercapnia/physiopathology; Isoproterenol/pharmacology; Male; Norepinephrine/pharmacology; Propranolol/pharmacology |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0007-1188 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:5420092 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
103 |
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Author |
Hillidge, C.J.; Lees, P. |
Title |
Cardiac output in the conscious and anaesthetised horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
16-21 |
Keywords |
Anesthesia, Inhalation/*veterinary; Animals; Carbon Dioxide/blood; *Cardiac Output/veterinary; *Consciousness; Electrocardiography/veterinary; Ether, Ethyl; Female; Halothane; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Oxygen/blood; Posture |
Abstract |
Cardiac output in the horse was measured before and at predetermined times during 2-hour periods of thiopentone-halothane and thiopentone-diethyl ether anaesthesia. Left ventricular stroke volume was decreased to a similar extent during anaesthesia with each volatile agent, but a greater reduction in cardiac output occurred during halothane anaesthesia. This finding reflected the differing effects of halothane and ether on heart rate, a slight bradycardia occurring with the former agent while ether produced a small degree of tachycardia. The latter effect was attributed to enhanced sympathoadrenal activity. Changes in cardiac output and stroke volume were considered in relation to other factors, including arterial blood pH and tensions of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Positive correlations between some of these variables and cardiac function were established. With both volatile agents the reductions in stroke volume and cardiac output were related to the duration of anaesthesia, being greatest during the early stages. Possible reasons for the tendency of stroke volume and cardiac output to return towards control levels are discussed. |
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English |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0425-1644 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:234842 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
102 |
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Author |
Crook, J.H. |
Title |
On attributing consciousness to animals |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
Volume |
303 |
Issue |
5912 |
Pages |
11-14 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Consciousness; Evolution; Learning |
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Address |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:6843653 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2795 |
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Author |
Forster, H.V.; Pan, L.G.; Bisgard, G.E.; Flynn, C.; Hoffer, R.E. |
Title |
Changes in breathing when switching from nares to tracheostomy breathing in awake ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Appl Physiol |
Volume |
59 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1214-1221 |
Keywords |
Airway Resistance; Animals; Chemoreceptors/physiology; Consciousness; Exertion; Horses/*physiology; Lung Compliance; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Pulmonary Stretch Receptors/physiology; *Respiration; Respiratory Dead Space; *Tracheotomy |
Abstract |
We assessed the consequences of respiratory unloading associated with tracheostomy breathing (TBr). Three normal and three carotid body-denervated (CBD) ponies were prepared with chronic tracheostomies that at rest reduced physiological dead space (VD) from 483 +/- 60 to 255 +/- 30 ml and lung resistance from 1.5 +/- 0.14 to 0.5 +/- 0.07 cmH2O . l-1 . s. At rest and during steady-state mild-to-heavy exercise arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) was approximately 1 Torr higher during nares breathing (NBr) than during TBr. Pulmonary ventilation and tidal volume (VT) were greater and alveolar ventilation was less during NBr than TBr. Breathing frequency (f) did not differ between NBr and TBr at rest, but f during exercise was greater during TBr than during NBr. These responses did not differ between normal and CBD ponies. We also assessed the consequences of increasing external VD (300 ml) and resistance (R, 0.3 cmH2O . l-1 . s) by breathing through a tube. At rest and during mild exercise tube breathing caused PaCO2 to transiently increase 2-3 Torr, but 3-5 min later PaCO2 usually was within 1 Torr of control. Tube breathing did not cause f to change. When external R was increased 1 cmH2O . l-1 . s by breathing through a conventional air collection system, f did not change at rest, but during exercise f was lower than during unencumbered breathing. These responses did not differ between normal, CBD, and hilar nerve-denervated ponies, and they did not differ when external VD or R were added at either the nares or tracheostomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
8750-7587 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Notes |
PMID:4055600 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
100 |
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Author |
Gallup, G.G.J. |
Title |
Do minds exist in species other than our own? |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Neurosci Biobehav Rev |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
631-641 |
Keywords |
Animals; Awareness; *Behavior, Animal; Child Psychology; Child, Preschool; *Cognition; Consciousness; Evolution; Humans; Infant; Language; Pan troglodytes; Philosophy; Psychological Theory; Species Specificity |
Abstract |
An answer to the question of animal awareness depends on evidence, not intuition, anecdote, or debate. This paper examines some of the problems inherent in an analysis of animal awareness, and whether animals might be aware of being aware is offered as a more meaningful distinction. A framework is presented which can be used to make a determination about the extent to which other species have experiences similar to ours based on their ability to make inferences and attributions about mental states in others. The evidence from both humans and animals is consistent with the idea that the capacity to use experience to infer the experience of others is a byproduct of self-awareness. |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0149-7634 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:4080281 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2808 |
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Author |
Kozarovitskii, L.B. |
Title |
[Further comment on the distinction between humans and animals] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Nauchnye Doklady Vysshei Shkoly. Biologicheskie Nauki |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nauchnye Doki Vyss Shkoly Biol Nauki |
Volume |
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Issue |
3 |
Pages |
42-45 |
Keywords |
Animals; Consciousness; Evolution; Humans; Mental Processes; *Philosophy; Thinking |
Abstract |
The problem of mind is considered in the aspect of natural scientific and philosophical problem of distinction between human and animal. The widespread confusion of the terms “rudiments”, “elements” of specifically human properties in animals and “biological prerequisites” of these properties are critically analysed. The idea is formulated according to which only in the process of anthropogenesis the rudiments of new social property--mind, conscience--could appear in the developing human beings. |
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Language |
Russian |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Eshche raz o grani mezhdu chelovecheskim i zhivotnym |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0470-4606 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:3382706 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2800 |
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Author |
Trim, C.M.; Moore, J.N.; Clark, E.S. |
Title |
Renal effects of dopamine infusion in conscious horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J Suppl |
Volume |
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Issue |
7 |
Pages |
124-128 |
Keywords |
Animals; Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology; Consciousness/*physiology; Creatinine/blood; Dopamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Infusions, Intravenous/veterinary; Kidney/blood supply/*drug effects/physiology; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium/blood; Random Allocation; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects/physiology; Renal Artery/drug effects/physiology/ultrasonography; Sodium/blood; Time Factors; Ultrasonography/methods/veterinary; Urination/physiology |
Abstract |
An ultrasonic flow probe was implanted around a branch of the left renal artery in five horses. The effects of dopamine were studied in the unsedated horses 10 days after surgery. Three experiments, separated by at least two days, were performed in random order on each horse. In two experiments, dopamine was infused intravenously for 60 mins at either 2.5 and 5.0 micrograms/kg bodyweight (bwt)/min. Saline was infused for 60 mins before and after each infusion, and for 180 mins in the third experiment as a control. Renal blood flow increased during administration of dopamine at both dose rates (P = 0.0001). Urine volume increased (P = 0.055), and osmolality decreased (P < 0.05), with infusion of dopamine at 5.0 micrograms/kg bwt/min. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were not significantly affected. Fractional excretions of sodium and potassium were not significantly changed with dopamine infusion. The higher dopamine dose rate was accompanied by dysrhythmias in some horses. |
Address |
Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA |
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English |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:9118094 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
99 |
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Author |
Williams, D.O.; Boatwright, R.B.; Rugh, K.S.; Garner, H.E.; Griggs, D.M.J. |
Title |
Myocardial blood flow, metabolism, and function with repeated brief coronary occlusions in conscious ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1991 |
Publication |
The American journal of physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Physiol |
Volume |
260 |
Issue |
1 Pt 2 |
Pages |
H100-9 |
Keywords |
Animals; Consciousness/*physiology; Coronary Circulation/*physiology; Coronary Disease/pathology/*physiopathology; Disease Models, Animal; Hemodynamic Processes/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Hydrogen/metabolism; Lactates/metabolism; Myocardium/*metabolism/pathology; Norepinephrine/metabolism; Potassium/metabolism; Regional Blood Flow |
Abstract |
Studies were performed in the conscious pony instrumented with a Doppler flow probe and hydraulic occluder on the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), sonomicrometry crystals and intraventricular micromanometer in the left ventricle, and catheters in the left atrium and anterior interventricular vein. Two-minute LAD occlusions were performed every 30 min continuously or during working hours. Data on release of catabolites (potassium, hydrogen ions, and lactate) and norepinephrine from the initially dysfunctional region were obtained periodically during a regimen of 445 +/- 56 occlusions in six animals. Regional myocardial blood flow was measured (microsphere method) before and after an occlusion regimen in four animals. Marked release of catabolites and norepinephrine from the initially dysfunctional region was noted in association with early occlusions when myocardial segment function was severely reduced. With further occlusions, release of these substances decreased while segment function improved. Blood flow was markedly decreased in the initially dysfunctional region during an early occlusion but was at the control level during a later occlusion. Although the metabolic findings are consistent with protection due to “ischemic preconditioning” and no increase in collateral perfusion, the inverse relationship noted between catabolite release and segment function is best explained by flow-dependent mechanisms. These results, together with the myocardial blood flow data, serve to validate a previous assumption that protection against regional myocardial dysfunction under these conditions is due to increased collateral perfusion. |
Address |
Department of Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65212 |
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English |
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Series Editor |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0002-9513 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:1992786 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
98 |
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Author |
Pere, M.C. |
Title |
Maternal and fetal blood levels of glucose, lactate, fructose, and insulin in the conscious pig |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
Volume |
73 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2994-2999 |
Keywords |
Animals; Blood Glucose/*analysis; Catheterization/methods/veterinary; Consciousness/physiology; Female; Fetal Blood/*chemistry; Fructose/analysis/*blood; Insulin/analysis/*blood; Lactates/analysis/*blood; Pregnancy; Swine/*blood/physiology |
Abstract |
To study nutrition and metabolism in the fetal pig, a chronic catheterization method was developed that allows blood sampling in arteries and veins, at both the umbilical and uterine sources, in the conscious, unstressed animal. A catheter was inserted in the fetal aorta through a femoral artery, and another one was introduced in the umbilical vein. A catheter was put in a femoral artery of the sow so that its end was in the abdominal aorta. A fourth catheter was placed in a uterine vein draining the fetoplacental unit studied. This procedure was applied to 18 Large White primiparous sows at 99 d of gestation. Blood samples were drawn simultaneously using the four catheters before a meal at 103 d of pregnancy, and glucose, insulin, lactate, and fructose were determinated. Glycemia was 2.5 times higher in the sow than in the fetus. The extraction coefficient of glucose by the fetus amounted to 14% of the umbilical supply. The insulin level in the fetal pig was very low ( < 5 microU/mL). Lactate and fructose seemed to originate from the placenta. Blood lactate was 2.6 times lower in the sow than in the fetus, and its extraction coefficient by the fetus amounted to 8%. Fructose in the fetal blood was 2.3 times higher than that of glucose. Fructose was not utilized by the pig fetus. The present results obtained in the fetal pig are comparable to the conclusions drawn from studies with other species. |
Address |
Station de Recherches Porcines, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Saint-Gilles, France |
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English |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0021-8812 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:8617670 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2751 |
Permanent link to this record |