Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database -- Query Results

	Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database Home \| Show All \| Simple Search \| Advanced Search	Login Quick Search: Field: contains: ...
	1-10 of 73 records found matching your query:

Search & Display Options

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >>

List View

Citations

Details

	Records
	Author	Zentall, S.S.; Zentall, T.R.; Barack, R.C.
	Title	Distraction as a function of within-task stimulation for hyperactive and normal children			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1978	Publication	Journal of learning disabilities	Abbreviated Journal	J Learn Disabil
	Volume	11	Issue	9	Pages	540-548
	Keywords	Attention; Child; Child, Preschool; Color Perception; Female; Humans; Hyperkinesis/psychology; Male; Motor Skills; *Task Performance and Analysis; Visual Perception
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-2194	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:731119			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	270
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Griffin, D.R.
	Title	Animals know more than we used to think			Type
	Year	2001	Publication	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America	Abbreviated Journal	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
	Volume	98	Issue	9	Pages	4833-4834
	Keywords	Animal Communication; Animals; Attention/physiology; Brain/physiology; Choice Behavior/physiology; Cognition/physiology; Humans; Macaca mulatta/physiology/psychology; Memory/*physiology; Optic Disk/physiology; Psychological Tests
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0027-8424	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:11320232			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2823
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Range, F.; Huber, L.
	Title	Attention in common marmosets: implications for social-learning experiments			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Animal Behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Behav.
	Volume	73	Issue	6	Pages	1033-1041
	Keywords	attention; Callithrix jacchus; common marmoset; imitation; social learning
	Abstract	The question whether a certain species is or is not able to imitate has received much recent attention. However, the ability to copy a demonstrated action might depend not only on the imitative ability of the observer but also on its attention, a factor widely neglected in discussions and experiments. Since attention differs between species as well as between individuals, it is likely to influence the amount and type of information different species and/or observers may extract from a given demonstration. We studied attention in common marmosets, Callithrix jacchus. In a series of experimental sessions, individual marmosets watched different conspecific models that were searching, manipulating an object and feeding. The observers could see the demonstration through two observation holes, which allowed us to measure exactly how often and for how long they watched the model. Marmosets were more attentive towards conspecifics engaged in a problem-solving task than an exploring model. Individual variation in attention was large, ranging from less than 10% to over 49%. Attention also depended on the identity of the model with an increase in attention if it was of the opposite sex. Overall, attention of marmosets was short with a median duration of 6 s while the model manipulated an object. This study measured the real interest of the observer towards a model, which could be an important variable in social-learning experiments.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4208
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Hampton, R.R.; Shettleworth, S.J.
	Title	Hippocampus and memory in a food-storing and in a nonstoring bird species			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1996	Publication	Behavioral neuroscience	Abbreviated Journal	Behav Neurosci
	Volume	110	Issue	5	Pages	946-964
	Keywords	Animals; Appetitive Behavior/physiology; Attention/physiology; Birds/physiology; Brain Mapping; Feeding Behavior/physiology; Mental Recall/physiology; Organ Size/physiology; Orientation/*physiology; Retention (Psychology)/physiology; Species Specificity
	Abstract	Food-storing birds maintain in memory a large and constantly changing catalog of the locations of stored food. The hippocampus of food-storing black-capped chickadees (Parus atricapillus) is proportionally larger than that of nonstoring dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis). Chickadees perform better than do juncos in an operant test of spatial non-matching-to-sample (SNMTS), and chickadees are more resistant to interference in this paradigm. Hippocampal lesions attenuate performance in SNMTS and increase interference. In tests of continuous spatial alternation (CSA), juncos perform better than chickadees. CSA performance also declines following hippocampal lesions. By itself, sensitivity of a given task to hippocampal damage does not predict the direction of memory differences between storing and nonstoring species.
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. robert@ln.nimh.nih.gov
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0735-7044	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8918998			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	375
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Dunbar, K.; MacLeod, C.M.
	Title	A horse race of a different color: Stroop interference patterns with transformed words			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1984	Publication	Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance	Abbreviated Journal	J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform
	Volume	10	Issue	5	Pages	622-639
	Keywords	Attention; Color Perception; Discrimination Learning; Humans; Orientation; Reaction Time; Reading; *Semantics
	Abstract	Four experiments investigated Stroop interference using geometrically transformed words. Over experiments, reading was made increasingly difficult by manipulating orientation uncertainty and the number of noncolor words. As a consequence, time to read color words aloud increased dramatically. Yet, even when reading a color word was considerably slower than naming the color of ink in which the word was printed, Stroop interference persisted virtually unaltered. This result is incompatible with the simple horse race model widely used to explain color-word interference. When reading became extremely slow, a reversed Stroop effect--interference in reading the word due to an incongruent ink color--appeared for one transformation together with the standard Stroop interference. Whether or not the concept of automaticity is invoked, relative speed of processing the word versus the color does not provide an adequate overall explanation of the Stroop phenomenon.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0096-1523	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:6238123			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4065
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Scheidhacker, M.; Bender, W.; Vaitl, P.
	Title	Die Wirksamkeit des therapeutischen Reitens bei der Behandlung chronisch schizophrener Patienten			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1991	Publication	Der Nervenarzt	Abbreviated Journal	Nervenarzt
	Volume	62	Issue	5	Pages	283-287
	Keywords	Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Animals; Attention; Chronic Disease; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Horses; Humans; Male; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychotherapy/methods; Schizophrenia/rehabilitation; Schizophrenic Psychology; Self Concept; *Sports
	Abstract	After describing horse-riding as a facility in managing mentally ill patients, a program for chronic schizophrenic in-patients is presented. Clinical experience with this program and also results of a controlled study are reported. The therapeutic value and slope for horse-riding are discussed in relation to different diagnoses.
	Address	Bezirkskrankenhaus Haar b. Munchen
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	German	Summary Language		Original Title	Die Wirksamkeit des therapeutischen Reitens bei der Behandlung chronisch schizophrener Patienten. Experimentelle Ergebnisse und klinische Erfahrungen
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0028-2804	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	[The effectiveness of therapeutic horseback-riding in the treatment of chronic schizophrenic patients. Experimental results and clinical experiences]			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5067
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Zentall, T.R.
	Title	A cognitive behaviorist approach to the study of animal behavior			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2002	Publication	The Journal of general psychology	Abbreviated Journal	J Gen Psychol
	Volume	129	Issue	4	Pages	328-363
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Learning; Memory; Social Behavior
	Abstract	Traditional psychological approaches to animal learning and behavior have involved either the atheoretical behaviorist approach proposed by B. F. Skinner (1938), in which input-output relations are described in response to environmental manipulations, or the theoretical behaviorist approach offered by C. L Hull (1943), in which associations mediated by several hypothetical constructs and intervening variables are formed between stimuli and responses. Recently, the application of a cognitive behaviorist approach to animal learning and behavior has been found to have considerable value as a research tool. This perspective has grown out of E. C. Tolman's cognitive approach to learning in which behavior is mediated by mechanisms that are not directly observable but can be inferred from the results of critical experiments. In the present article, the author presents several examples of the successful application of the cognitive behaviorist approach. In each case, the experiments have been designed to distinguish between more traditional mechanisms and those mediated by hypothesized internal representations. These examples were selected because the evidence suggests that some form of active cognitive organization is needed to account for the behavioral results.
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506, USA. Zentall@uky.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-1309	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:12494989			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	214
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kaiser, D.H.; Zentall, T.R.; Neiman, E.
	Title	Timing in pigeons: effects of the similarity between intertrial interval and gap in a timing signal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2002	Publication	Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes	Abbreviated Journal	J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process
	Volume	28	Issue	4	Pages	416-422
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Columbidae; Conditioning, Operant; Discrimination Learning; Mental Recall; Probability Learning; Reinforcement (Psychology); Reinforcement Schedule; Retention (Psychology); Time Factors; *Time Perception/physiology
	Abstract	Previous research suggests that when a fixed interval is interrupted (known as the gap procedure), pigeons tend to reset memory and start timing from 0 after the gap. However, because the ambient conditions of the gap typically have been the same as during the intertrial interval (ITI), ambiguity may have resulted. In the present experiment, the authors found that when ambient conditions during the gap were similar to the ITI, pigeons tended to reset memory, but when ambient conditions during the gap were different from the ITI, pigeons tended to stop timing, retain the duration of the stimulus in memory, and add to that time when the stimulus reappeared. Thus, when the gap was unambiguous, pigeons timed accurately.
	Address	Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, USA. kaiserd@mail.ecu.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0097-7403	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:12395499			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	238
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Clement, T.S.; Weaver, J.E.; Sherburne, L.M.; Zentall, T.R.
	Title	Simultaneous discrimination learning in pigeons: value of S- affects the relative value of its associated S+			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1998	Publication	The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. B, Comparative and physiological psychology	Abbreviated Journal	Q J Exp Psychol B
	Volume	51	Issue	4	Pages	363-378
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Color Perception; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning; Female; Male; *Motivation; Orientation; Transfer (Psychology)
	Abstract	In a simple simultaneous discrimination involving a positive stimulus (S+) and a negative stimulus (S-), it has been hypothesized that positive value can transfer from the S+ to the S- (thus increasing the relative value of the S-) and also that negative value can transfer from the S- to the S+ (thus diminishing the relative value of the S+; Fersen, Wynne, Delius, & Staddon, 1991). Evidence for positive value transfer has been reported in pigeons (e.g. Zentall & Sherburne, 1994). The purpose of the present experiments was to determine, in a simultaneous discrimination, whether the S- diminishes the value of the S+ or the S- is contrasted with the S+ (thus enhancing the value of the S+). In two experiments, we found evidence for contrast, rather than value transfer, attributable to simultaneous discrimination training. Thus, not only does the S+ appear to enhance the value of the S-, but the S- appears to enhance rather than reduce the value of the S+.
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0044, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0272-4995	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:9854439			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	252
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jackson, R.R.; Li, D.
	Title	One-encounter search-image formation by araneophagic spiders			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2004	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	7	Issue	4	Pages	247-254
	Keywords	Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Association Learning; Attention; Choice Behavior; Field Dependence-Independence; Food Preferences; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Predatory Behavior; Signal Detection (Psychology); Spiders
	Abstract	An experimental study of search-image use by araneophagic jumping spiders (i.e., salticid spiders that prey routinely on other spiders) supports five conclusions. First, araneophagic salticids have an innate predisposition to form search images for specific prey from their preferred prey category (spiders) rather than for prey from a non-preferred category (insects). Second, single encounters are sufficient for forming search images. Third, search images are based on selective attention specifically to optical cues. Fourth, there are trade-offs in attention during search-image use (i.e., forming a search image for one type of spider diminishes the araneophagic salticid's attention to other spiders). Fifth, the araneophagic salticid's adoption of search images is costly to the prey (i.e., when the araneophagic salticid adopts a search, the prey's prospects for surviving encounters with the araneophagic salticid are diminished). Cognitive and ecological implications of search-image use are discussed.
	Address	Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. dbslidq@nus.edu.sg
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:15118915			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2524
Permanent link to this record

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >>

Details

CQL Search | Library Search | Show Record | Extract Citations

Help